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L’éthique du stoïcien Hiéroclès

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Jean-Baptiste Gourinat

Extraits du traité sur le mariage

Stobée, Anth. IV, 67, 21-24, p. 502, 1-507, 5 ; IV, 75, 14, p. 603, 8‑605, 16 ; IV, 85, 21, t. V, p. 696, 21-699, 15

Ilaria Ramelli

Abstract

This article analyses Stobaeus’s excerpts from Hierocles’ On Marriage. After a methodological introduction and a short thematic exposition of the contents of the five excerpts at stake, Hierocles’ position is examined with respect to the relationship between καθήκοντα and οἰκείωσις in the Stoic theory of marriage. A comparison between Hierocles and Musonius Rufus is then drawn, as well as one between Hierocles and Antipater, in regard to the marriage theme. I argue that in Hierocles marriage seems to absorb the characteristics that in the Old Stoa were proper of friendship between wise men (including the status of “good” and no longer of simple “preferable indifferent”). This can be interpreted not only – and perhaps not so much – as the result of an emphasis shift in Stoicism after the Old Stoa, but also, and especially, as an element of polemic against Epicureanism, given the exclusive importance that the Epicureans attached to friendship between wise men and their contempt for marriage. Indeed, there are aspects of anti-Epicurean polemic in Hierocles’ Elements of Ethics, and his criticism of Epicureanism is attested by trustworthy sources.

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Excerpt

D’abord, je voudrais exprimer toute ma reconnaissance aux organisateurs de ce magnifique colloque, ainsi qu’à Jean-Baptiste Gourinat comme co-directeur de Philosophie Antique.

David Konstan a déjà traité les points principaux des extraits de l’économique. Je me concentrerai donc sur les extraits du traité Sur le mariage. Il y a cinq extraits. Ils appartiennent aux fragments conservés par Stobée, les fragments d’éthique moins techniques concernant les καθήκοντα, tandis que la discussion plus technique sur l’οἰκείωσις dans les Éléments d’éthique est transmise par le papyrus appelé PBerol 9780. Il est probable que les traités Sur le mariage et l’Économique faisaient partie de l’ouvrage de Hiéroclès sur les καθήκοντα, bien qu’ils puissent avoir constitué des opuscules indépendants1. Pour ces extraits du traité Sur le mariage, on peut faire des parallèles intéressants2 avec le stoïcien romano-étrusque Musonius ou avec Antipater de Tarse, qui se situe entre l’ancienne et la moyenne Stoa (p...

Author

Université Catholique du Sacré-Cœur, Milan. Angelicum, Université d’Oxford

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