Abstracts
p. 163-165
Texte intégral
1The perspective of a Parisian traveler-writer on Brazil: analysis of Adéle Toussaint-Samson’s travel report
Thaina Cardinalli
2Adèle Toussaint-Samson (1826-1911) came to Brazil in the late 1840s and lived here for almost twelve years; a period that is described in her travel report, Une parisienne au Brésil (1883). In it, she presents the city of Rio de Janeiro, the place of her stay, through the exuberant nature and the local inhabitants’customs. Unlike other travelers who came to the country in the nineteenth century and whose narratives presented images like Adèle’s, her travel experiences have a distinct importance in her life, since she did not explore other countries before or after her trip to Brazil, nor did she write other accounts. To understand how her view of the Brazilian territory and population is constructed, I first present her journey report, giving special attention to the characters and scenes described; and following, the journalistic and artistic milieus she frequented in the Parisian capital.
3Explorations, mobilities, exchanges around Aimé Bonpland’s one-way journey
Cédric Cerruti
4The journey of the medical and botanist Aimé Bonpland (1773-1858) makes it possible to recontextualise the available sources and study issues such as transatlantic political and scientific transfers. The mobility of this character is geographical but also conceptual, since he moves from theory to practice, from science to agronomy, from expeditionary journey to the local territorial anchorage. Immobility explains these developments since Bonpland’s journey is also marked by isolation and distancing suffered that limit his fields of action and define a migration path to be replaced in a global transatlantic movement. This route depends on South American national constructions, but it also helps to better understand them. Moreover, it offers numerous avenues for research and scientific valorisation that can stimulate exchanges as well as transatlantic mobility. Indeed, the corpus bequeathed by Bonpland can stimulate research and enrich scientific and cultural exchanges between the two continents. It is a patrimony as well as a research tool.
5The contribution of geography to international cultural relations. French geographers in the Americas of the 20th century
Antoine Huerta
6The action of French geographers in the service of cultural relations between France and the Americas in the 20th century is particularly important. The role they played in university structures abroad as ‘exporters’ of French geography, has received too little attention from scientists. The university question in France and abroad can be approached, as far as they are concerned, from epistemological, administrative, and political points of view. The brief study conducted in this article focuses on the scientific and cultural relations between France and the countries of America, both North and South, from the 1930s on. This Atlantic space, rich in academic relations in the central part of the twentieth century, allows us to study transversal cases. The American work of these geographers, successful in North and South America. Their American, administrative, and scientific work remains, even today, a reference and is part of a period where the French scientific influence was great. During their missions and on the different American terrains, this French geography was strongly marked by its transatlantic travels. This work seeks to understand how, during all these years in the service of France and geography, French geography took advantage of its travels to establish and disseminate leading thoughts. «Experience of displacement, displacement of experience», from which proceeded for the most part the profession of geographer of many Americanists.
7Three Frenchmen, the Sahy Industrial Colony and the Empire of Brazil
Carina Sartori
8In 1841, the Brazilian Empire authorized the establishment of a French industrial Colony in the Sahy region, in São Francisco do Sul, province of Santa Catarina. The project presented to the Minister and the deputies in Rio de Janeiro had as interlocutor the homeopathic doctor Benoit-Jules Mure. Based on Charles Fourier’s concept of society, the initial project was published in the pages of the newspaper O Comércio do Rio de Janeiro. However, for it to be approved with public funding, important changes were made to it in order to comply with colonization rules established by the Empire after 1836. From the french idealized project, envisioned by a fourierist group, which included Michel Derrion and Jamain, to the brazilian reality, the Falanstério do Sahy, Colonie industrielle du Sahy or Colonie Française du Sahy, never came into being. This article seeks to address the hardships faced by the French phalansterians while attempting to deal with the laws, ideals and reality found in Brazil in the first half of the nineteenth century.
9Controlling transatlantic mobility: ships and quarantines in Latin America (19th century)
Grégory Bériet
10The increase in transatlantic trade and the technical development of port areas is accompanied by a reflection on health safety. This hygienist dynamic must deal with commercial deliveries requiring growing mobility of ships and products. In Latin America, quarantine systems are slowly and very disparate. During the first half of the 19th century, the traffic issues and political youth of States tend to curb the establishment of effective mechanisms. Nevertheless, under the impetus of the important settlements, lazarets are developing, helping to shape a new apprehension of immigration.
11The “Thresholds of Hope” and the “arrival antechambers”: the expectation of migrants in city centres
Thomas Plançon
12During migration to American cities, migrants were subject to various periods of wait: relating to departure and of displacement. Once arrived in these cities, they are confronted with a further singular form, an in-between status which symbolizes both the end of the journey whilst retaining them in a migration limbo unable to fully integrate. These moments are lived within a certain building type, such as conventillos and cortiços, referred to by many as “thresholds of hope” or “an antechamber of arrival”. Installation and presence of these ghettos in the heart of cities fails to alter the perception of migrants in these intermediate places.
13Memory and hyperrealistic narrative techniques in the Atlantic space of Americah (2013) by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and 18% Gray (2008) by Zachary Karabashliev
Tsvétélina Ivanova
14The article offers a comparative reading of hyper-realistic writing, popular imagination and symbolic exchanges in two novels from the beginning of the 21st century. It tries to denounce the discrepancy between image(s) and reality(s) of an over-mediatized (trans)atlantic space. The aesthetic and symbolic mobility of Americanah by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and 18% Gray by Zachary Karabashliev bare the importance of memory as a source of intimacy and authenticity against the cult of the ephemeral et the emotional consumerism raised today to the status of existential ideals.
15Is the Ku-ka’ili-moku figure from the Vérité collection a masterpiece of the kona style, an object for tiki bars, or a ki’i?
Marion Bertin
16The sale of the figure of the Hawaiian god Ku-ka’ili-moku from the Vérité’s collection on November, 21 2017 by Christie’s was a cornerstone for the Oceanic art market. This item broke a price record, and became officially the most expansive object from Pacific islands. It was then offered as a gift to the Bishop Museum in Honolulu (Hawaii, United States of America), in its source territory. But, Oceanic art specialists have strong discussions whether it is an ancient object or not.
17Cognac – a key player in a responsible environmental approach
Sylvia Marcet
18Cognac, a world-famous historical and economic product, is at the heart of a societal development project that could well be an example. We can wonder to what extent the cognac winegrowing area adopts an environmentally friendly approach. Thus, we may consider the cognac sector’s commitment to sustainable development from a cultural and environmental point of view. To do so, we shall use a dual approach, that is to say, revealing processes such as safeguarding the cognac wine-growing territory and its promotion as a national and global heritage asset and committing in sustainable viticulture; as well as implementing more virtuous agricultural practices in favour of the environment. The cognac territory has already made significant progress towards the implementation of its development strategies, if only to include cognac know-how in the national heritage since 2020 and to compile the application file for the World’s heritage initiated in 2011. Cognac environmental certifications are well underway following scrupulously governmental and global directives. The sector seeks to educate the inter-profession on the need for new stakes that are decisive for sustainable development.
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