10.2. Threat: Invasive molluscs
p. 542-544
Texte intégral
10.2.1 Asian clams
Beneficial
● Add chemicals to the water
1Two replicated laboratory studies and one controlled, replicated field study found that chlorine, potassium and copper killed Asian clams. Increasing chemical concentration and water temperature killed more clams in less time. One controlled field trial achieved 80% and 100% mortality of Asian clams using encapsulated control agents (SB1000 and SB2000 respectively) in irrigation systems. Assessment: beneficial (effectiveness 75%; certainty 70%).
2https://www.conservationevidence.com/actions/1118
● Change salinity of water
3A controlled, replicated laboratory study from the USA found that exposure to saline water killed all Asian clams. Assessment: beneficial (effectiveness 65%; certainty 68%).
4https://www.conservationevidence.com/actions/1115
● Mechanical removal
5A controlled before-and-after study from North America found suction dredging of sediment reduced an Asian clam population by 96%, and these effects persisted for a year. A replicated, controlled, before-and-after field trial in Ireland showed that three types of dredges were effective at removing between 74% and >95% of the Asian clam biomass. Assessment: beneficial (effectiveness 80%; certainty 78%).
6https://www.conservationevidence.com/actions/1120
Likely to be beneficial
● Change temperature of water
7A controlled laboratory study from the USA found that exposure to water at temperatures of 37°C and 36°C killed all Asian clams within 2 and 4 days, respectively. Assessment: likely to be beneficial (effectiveness 60%; certainty 55%).
8https://www.conservationevidence.com/actions/1116
● Clean equipment
9A field study from Portugal found that mechanical removal, followed by regular cleaning and maintenance of industrial pipes at a power plant permanently removed an Asian clam population. A field study from Portugal found that adding a sand filter to a water treatment plant reduced an Asian clam population. Assessment: likely to be beneficial (effectiveness 75%; certainty 50%).
10https://www.conservationevidence.com/actions/1119
● Use of gas-impermeable barriers
11One controlled study from North America found that placing gas impermeable fabric barriers on a lake bottom (several small and one large area) reduced populations of Asian clams. Assessment: likely to be beneficial (effectiveness 78%; certainty 60%).
12https://www.conservationevidence.com/actions/1117
Unlikely to be beneficial
● Reduce oxygen in water
13A controlled laboratory study from the USA found that Asian clams were not susceptible to low oxygen levels in the water. Assessment: unlikely to be beneficial (effectiveness 10%; certainty 50%).
14https://www.conservationevidence.com/actions/1113
No evidence found (no assessment)
15We have captured no evidence for the following interventions:
- Change pH of water
- Drain the invaded waterbody
- Exposure to disease-causing organisms
- Exposure to parasites
- Hand removal
- Public awareness and education.
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