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  • 2.10 Threat: Pollution
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    Plan détaillé Texte intégral 2.10.1 Domestic and urban waste water 2.10.2 Agricultural and forestry effluents 2.10.3 Light and noise pollution 2.10.4 Timber treatments

    What Works in Conservation 2018

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    Table des matières

    2.10 Threat: Pollution

    p. 88-91

    Texte intégral 2.10.1 Domestic and urban waste water Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) ● Change effluent treatments of domestic and urban waste water 2.10.2 Agricultural and forestry effluents No evidence found (no assessment) 2.10.3 Light and noise pollution Likely to be beneficial ● Leave bat roosts, roost entrances and commuting routes unlit ● Minimize excess light pollution No evidence found (no assessment) 2.10.4 Timber treatments Beneficial ● Use mammal safe timber treatments in roof spaces Likely to be ineffective or harmful ● Restrict timing of treatment

    Texte intégral

    2.10.1 Domestic and urban waste water

    Image

    Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence)

    ● Change effluent treatments of domestic and urban waste water

    1We found no evidence for the effects on bats of changing effluent treatments of domestic and urban waste water discharged into rivers. One replicated, site comparison study in the UK found that foraging activity over filter bed sewage treatment works was higher than activity over active sludge systems. Assessment: unknown effectiveness (effectiveness 40%; certainty 30%; harms 30%).

    2http://www.conservationevidence.com/actions/1014

    2.10.2 Agricultural and forestry effluents

    Image

    No evidence found (no assessment)

    3We have captured no evidence for the following interventions:

    • Introduce legislation to control use of fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides
    • Change effluent treatments used in agriculture and forestry

    2.10.3 Light and noise pollution

    Image

    Likely to be beneficial

    ● Leave bat roosts, roost entrances and commuting routes unlit

    4Two replicated studies in the UK found more bats emerging from roosts or flying along hedgerows when left unlit than when illuminated with white lights or streetlamps. Assessment: likely to be beneficial (effectiveness 80%; certainty 50%; harms 0%).

    5http://www.conservationevidence.com/actions/1017

    ● Minimize excess light pollution

    6One replicated, randomized, controlled study in the UK found that bats avoided flying along hedgerows with dimmed lighting, and activity levels were lower than along unlit hedges. We found no evidence for the effects of reducing light spill using directional lighting or hoods on bats. Assessment: likely to be beneficial (effectiveness 65%; certainty 50%; harms 0%).

    7http://www.conservationevidence.com/actions/1018

    No evidence found (no assessment)

    8We have captured no evidence for the following interventions:

    • Restrict timing of lighting
    • Use low pressure sodium lamps or use UV filters
    • Impose noise limits in proximity to roosts and bat habitats

    2.10.4 Timber treatments

    Image

    Beneficial

    ● Use mammal safe timber treatments in roof spaces

    9Two controlled laboratory studies in the UK found commercial timber treatments (containing lindane and pentachlorophenol) to be lethal to bats, but found alternative artificial insecticides (including permethrin) and three other fungicides did not increase bat mortality. Sealants over timber treatments had varying success. Assessment: likely to be beneficial (effectiveness 90%; certainty 80%; harms 0%).

    10http://www.conservationevidence.com/actions/1022

    Likely to be ineffective or harmful

    ● Restrict timing of treatment

    11One controlled laboratory experiment in the UK found that treating timber with lindane and pentachlorophenol 14 months prior to exposure by bats increased survival time but did not prevent death. Bats in cages treated with permethrin survived just as long when treatments were applied two months or 14 months prior to exposure. Assessment: Likely to be ineffective or harmful (effectiveness 5%; certainty 55%; harms 50%).

    12http://www.conservationevidence.com/actions/1023

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    Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0 International - CC BY 4.0

    Le texte seul est utilisable sous licence Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0 International - CC BY 4.0. Les autres éléments (illustrations, fichiers annexes importés) sont « Tous droits réservés », sauf mention contraire.

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    Sutherland, W. J., Dicks, L. V., Ockendon, N., Petrovan, S. O., & Smith, R. K. (éds.). (2018). 2.10 Threat: Pollution. In What Works in Conservation 2018. Cambridge: Open Book Publishers. Consulté à l’adresse https://books.openedition.org/obp/6371
    Sutherland, William J., Lynn V. Dicks, Nancy Ockendon, Silviu O. Petrovan, et Rebecca K. Smith, éd. « 2.10 Threat: Pollution ». In What Works in Conservation 2018. Cambridge: Open Book Publishers, 2018. https://books.openedition.org/obp/6371.
    Sutherland, William J., et al., éditeurs. « 2.10 Threat: Pollution ». What Works in Conservation 2018, Open Book Publishers, 2018, https://books.openedition.org/obp/6371.

    Référence numérique du livre

    Format

    Sutherland, W. J., Dicks, L. V., Ockendon, N., Petrovan, S. O., & Smith, R. K. (éds.). (2018). What Works in Conservation 2018. Cambridge: Open Book Publishers. Consulté à l’adresse https://books.openedition.org/obp/6257
    Sutherland, William J., Lynn V. Dicks, Nancy Ockendon, Silviu O. Petrovan, et Rebecca K. Smith, éd. What Works in Conservation 2018. Cambridge: Open Book Publishers, 2018. https://books.openedition.org/obp/6257.
    Sutherland, William J., et al., éditeurs. What Works in Conservation 2018. Open Book Publishers, 2018, https://books.openedition.org/obp/6257.
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