anxiety 44–45, 59, 60, 81, 121, 127, 131, 148, 154, 157. See also stress

bedroom tax 30, 123, 135, 173. See also Social Sector Size Criteria

benefits system vii, 11, 14, 48, 79, 192, 193

Beveridge’s ‘five giants’ 7

bills 34–35, 47, 81, 85–87, 87, 89, 93–94, 99–103, 107–109, 111–112, 117–119, 128, 144, 148, 150–151, 159, 166, 167, 186, 191, 194

Cameron, David 17

casualisation 58, 59, 193

Child Benefit 12, 32–33, 37, 41–44, 69, 157, 162

child-care 23, 27, 29, 41, 63, 72, 83–84, 90–92, 127, 141, 153, 162, 164–165, 194

Childcare Act 2006 83

Child Poverty Act 2010 12

children vii, 3–5, 11–12, 15–16, 20, 28, 30, 33, 35–39, 41–43, 47–49, 51, 52, 53, 63–66, 68–69, 72–75, 78, 81–84, 87, 90–92, 96, 98, 100–101, 104–105, 118, 120, 124–126, 128, 130–131, 134–137, 140–144, 146–148, 150–151, 153–158, 160–162, 164–166, 168–172, 173, 177, 179, 181–183, 186, 190, 192, 199

Children’s Commission on Poverty 124–125

Child Tax Credit 11–12, 27, 32–33, 41–42, 50, 69, 73

Christmas 36, 96, 108, 111–112, 114, 116, 125, 138, 143–146, 160, 162, 165, 172–173

Coalition Government 2010-15 11, 13–15, 17, 20, 28, 30, 43, 78, 127, 189, 193–194

Coal Mines (Minimum Wage) Act 1912 9

Comprehensive Spending Review 2010 13, 83

Connexions 134

Conservative Government 1979-83 194

Conservative Government 1992-97 9

Conservative Government 2015-17 11, 14, 30, 189, 194

Consumer Prices Index (CPI) 10, 77–78, 119

Council Tax 15, 30, 35, 44–47, 49, 52, 73, 87, 109–110, 112, 117, 119, 148–149, 160, 180

credit unions 48, 115–116, 145

debt vii, 5, 21, 32–33, 35–47, 50–52, 64, 68–69, 73, 74, 80–81, 84–87, 93–95, 97, 99, 101, 107–118, 119–120, 127–130, 132–133, 135, 148–149, 151, 155, 166, 180, 182–183, 190–191, 194, 199

deregulation 74, 172

diet 5, 126, 153, 155–156, 173

Disability Living Allowance (DLA) 12, 47, 191

Distributional Impact Assessment (DIA) 14

educational opportunity 41, 179–181, 183–185

eviction 43, 45, 123, 124, 191, 194

Fabian Women’s Group 3

Fair Wages Resolution Act 1891 9

fuel poverty 80–81, 99–100. See also heating

heating vii, 80, 82, 93, 100–103, 118–120, 124, 191. See also fuel poverty

holidays 33, 41, 61, 70–73, 88, 90, 93–94, 107, 135, 139–142, 144, 146, 149, 153, 155, 168–171, 181, 190

housing 5, 12, 32, 43–46, 49, 82, 113, 121–125, 127–128, 130, 130–132, 135, 160, 172, 173, 225

Housing Act 1980 122

Housing Act 1988 121–122

housing security 74

Labour Government 1997-2010 10

landlords 43, 72, 82, 107, 113, 121–122, 128–133, 149, 172, 173, 194, 198

Liverpool City Action Group on Poverty 21

Liverpool City Council Action Group on Poverty 19

London Living Wage 10. See also National Living Wage (NLW)

Low Pay Commission 10

Major, John 9

maternity leave 37, 72, 90, 137

May, Theresa 13, 16

mental illness 8, 59, 62–63, 127–128, 134, 148, 173

Minimum Income Standard (MIS) 23–24, 197

National Living Wage (NLW) 10, 30–31. See also UK Living Wage; See also London Living Wage

National Minimum Wage 9–11, 13, 18, 29–30, 33–34, 39, 52–54, 65, 70, 73, 182

National Minimum Wage Act 1998 9

Osborne, George 10, 85, 229

over-working 61

paternity leave 71–72

pay ‘bunching’ effect 30, 54, 193

poverty 3, 5–6, 8–9, 11–13, 20–23, 27–30, 32, 42, 54, 69, 78, 80–81, 99–100, 125–126, 148, 157, 190, 192, 199

absolute poverty 28, 192

relative poverty 13, 54, 192

privately rented sector 12, 23, 28, 35–36, 39, 41, 65–66, 80, 82–83, 100, 122–123, 128–132, 162

Relate 128

relationships 8–9, 22, 33, 58, 73, 113, 127–128, 159

religious celebrations 143. See also Christmas

rent 3, 35, 43, 45, 47, 52–53, 62, 72–73, 83, 87, 107–108, 111, 113, 119, 122, 129–133, 135, 148–149, 155, 166, 191, 199

Resolution Foundation 10, 16–17, 28–31, 225

Retail Prices Index (RPI) 10

Save the Children 11

school costs 194

Second World War 9

self-employment 74, 193

sick 60, 67, 70, 71, 75, 79, 108, 156

sick children 71, 154, 156, 165, 173, 190

sick days 70

sick pay 33, 70, 151

social housing 14, 23, 28, 34, 39, 66, 73, 82, 101, 122, 129–130, 132–133, 173, 194

social life 167–168

Social Sector Size Criteria 30. See also bedroom tax

Speenhamland System 13

stand-by working 37, 39

stress 5, 44–45, 58–60, 62–63, 67, 74–75, 81, 112, 121, 128, 148–153, 157, 160–161, 177, 182, 190, 193. See also anxiety

Sure Start 90–91, 134, 142, 169

temporary contracts 41, 59, 74

Thatcher, Margaret 194

Trade Boards 9

Trade Boards Act 1909 9

transport 47, 78, 104–106, 119, 126, 199

Troubled Families programme 8

Trussell Trust 78–80, 79, 230

UK Living Wage 10–11. See also National Living Wage (NLW)

Universal Credit 11–12, 16, 48

unpaid work 38–39, 71

utilities 199

Wage Councils 9

wage freeze 12–13, 35, 193

weekly spending 22

Welfare Reform Act 2012 11, 20, 30

Working Families Tax Credit 11, 158

workplace bullying 58, 61

zero-hour contracts 18, 30, 33, 54, 58, 58–60, 59, 60, 67, 71, 74, 91, 205