What Works in Conservation 2021
| , , ,15. Terrestrial mammal conservation
15.11 Habitat protection
Texte intégral
Beneficial
Legally protect habitat for mammals
1Seven studies evaluated the effects of legally protecting habitat for mammals. One study each was in Zambia, the USA, Tanzania, Brazil, Nepal and India and one was a systematic review of sites with a wide geographic spread.
2COMMUNITY RESPONSE (0 STUDIES)
3POPULATION RESPONSE (7 STUDIES)
4Abundance (7 studies): A systematic review of protected areas across the globe found that 24 of 31 studies reported an increase in mammal populations in protected areas relative to unprotected areas. Three studies (including two site comparison studies), in Zambia, the USA and Nepal, found that populations of red lechwe, black bears and one-horned rhinoceros grew following site protection or were higher than in adjacent non-protected sites. One of three site comparison studies, in Tanzania, Brazil and India, found that populations of more mammal species increased inside protected areas than in adjacent unprotected areas. One study found that populations of only three of 11 species were higher on protected than on unprotected land whilst the third study found that 13 of 16 species were less abundant in a protected area than in a nearby unprotected area.
5BEHAVIOUR (0 STUDIES)
6Assessment: beneficial (effectiveness 70 %; certainty 65 %; harms 0 %).
https://www.conservationevidence.com/actions/2559
Unknown effectiveness
Build fences around protected areas
7Two studies evaluated the effects on mammals of building fences around protected areas. One study was in Kenya and one was in Mozambique.
8COMMUNITY RESPONSE (1 STUDY)
9Richness/diversity (1 study): A before-and-after study in Kenya found that after a fence was built around a protected area, mammal species richness initially increased in both study sites, but subsequently declined at one of the sites.
10POPULATION RESPONSE (2 STUDIES)
11Abundance (2 studies): A paired sites study in Mozambique found that inside a fenced sanctuary there were more mammal scats than outside the sanctuary. A before-and-after study in Kenya found that after a fence was built around a protected area, mammal abundance initially increased in both study sites, but it subsequently declined at one of the sites.
12BEHAVIOUR (0 STUDIES)
13Assessment: unknown effectiveness (effectiveness 50 %; certainty 23 %; harms 20 %).
https://www.conservationevidence.com/actions/2561
Increase resources for managing protected areas
14One study evaluated the effects on mammals of increasing resources for managing protected areas. This study was in Tanzania.
15COMMUNITY RESPONSE (1 STUDY)
16Species richness (1 study): A site comparison study in Tanzania found that mammal species richness was higher in a well-resourced national park, than in a less well-resourced forest reserve.
17POPULATION RESPONSE (1 STUDY)
18Abundance (1 study): A site comparison study Tanzania found that there were greater occupancy rates or relative abundances of most mammal species in a well-resourced national park than in a less well-resourced forest reserve. BEHAVIOUR (0 STUDIES)
19Assessment: unknown effectiveness (effectiveness 80 %; certainty 30 %; harms 0 %).
https://www.conservationevidence.com/actions/2564
Increase size of protected area
20One study evaluated the effects on mammals of increasing the size of a protected area. This study was in South Africa.
21COMMUNITY RESPONSE (0 STUDIES)
22POPULATION RESPONSE (0 STUDIES)
23BEHAVIOUR (1 STUDY)
24Behaviour change (1 study): A before-and-after study in South Africa found that expanding a fenced reserve resulted in the home range of a reintroduced group of lions becoming larger but the core range becoming smaller.
25Assessment: unknown effectiveness (effectiveness 55 %; certainty 30 %; harms 0 %).
https://www.conservationevidence.com/actions/2563
No evidence found (no assessment)
26We have captured no evidence for the following interventions:
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Encourage habitat protection of privately-owned land
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Retain buffer zones around core habitat.
Table des illustrations
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