Abderhalden, Emil 85

Erich Retzlaff’s portrait of 88

Adorno, Theodor ix

advertising photography 15, 54, 140

aesthetic traditionalism 35

Ahnenerbe (SS Institute of Ancestral Research)

formation of 183

support for photographers of Ethnos 201

amateur photography and physiognomy 26

during the Second World War 53–54 popularity of colour 165

publications for during the Second World War 45

anthropometric photography 211

anti-fascism 38

anti-modernism x, 134

anti-rationalism 13

ariosophy 176

Aryan race xiii, 13, 88, 91–92

and the Atlantis myth 178, 192, 201

as Nordic-Atlanteans 181

divine origin of 175–176, 179, 201

Atlantis (illustrated magazine) 188

autobahn as a motif of modernity 11, 45

avant-garde xi, xii, 26, 35–36, 38–39, 66, 123, 248, 253, 258

avant-garde photography 26

avant-gardism 38

Barnack, Oscar 46

Battista della Porta, Giovanni, De Humana Physiognomonia (Of Human Physiognomy) (1586) 2

Bauer, Friedrich Franz 54, 200

Bauhaus 39–41, 43

Bayer-Hecht, Irene 43

Bayer, Herbert 39–41, 43

Benjamin, Walter vii, xi, xiii, 16, 103

‘Little History of Photography’ (essays, 1931) 66

‘Theories of German Fascism’ (review essay, 1930) vii

Bernays, Edward 45

biological hierarchy 64

biological materialism x

Blavatsky, Helena

and the Atlantean myth 178

theory of Root races 178

The Secret Doctrine (book, 1888) 178

Blood and Soil (Blut und Boden) 6, 8, 115, 252

Blossfeldt, Karl 124

Blühova, Irena 39

Bourke-White, Margaret 71

Brill, Fritz 43

Browne, Thomas 110

Burchartz, Max 40

Burte, Hermann 90

Camera Obscura 1

Capa, Robert 48

Carlyle, Thomas 62

chiromancy

Das Buch der hunderte Hände (The

Book of a Hundred Hands) (book, 1931) 20

Hände eine Sammlung von

Handabbildungen grosser Toter und Lebender (Hands: A Collection of Images of Hands of Great Dead and Living People) (book, 1929) 21, 22, 24

Clauss, Ludwig Ferdinand 26, 148, 226, 229

framing a ‘racial essence’ through photography 205

phenomenological observation in his work 227

Rasse und Seele (Race and Soul) (book, 1926) 227

Von der Seele und Antlitz der Rassen und Völker (On the Souls and Faces of Races and People) (book, 1929) 28

colour photography 34, 88

Agfacolor Neu 50–51, 71, 163, 170, 254

Agfa’s Photoblätter (Photo News) 165

Agfa’s Wolfen laboratories 50

as abstraction 51

as propaganda 50, 163, 170

development of 49

Duxochrome 51–52

dye transfer 51

in print 51

Kodachrome 49, 51–52, 170

tungsten film 51

Constructivist painting 36

Contax camera 47–48

Dachau xii

Darré, Richard Walther 80

role in the formation of the Ahnenerbe 183

Darwin, Charles

and the survival of the fittest 65

the theory of evolution 3

Das deutsche Lichtbild (The German

Photograph) (a photo annual) 26, 139

Der Untermensch (The Subhuman) (pamphlet, 1942) 160, 243

De Stijl 36

Deutsche Illustrierte (German Magazine) (picture magazine) xii

Deutsche Jugendbewegung (German Youth Movement) 117

Deutschen Bundes Heimatschutz (German Federation for Heimat Protection) 134

Deutschen Werkbundes (German Work Federation) 134

Deutschland Ausstellung (German Exhibition) (exhibition, 1936) 43

Die deutsche Donau (The German Danube) (book, 1939) 165

Döblin, Alfred 67, 102

documentary photography 4, 11–12, 71, 149, 201, 235

as fact and fiction 250

Domizlaff, Hans 45

East Germany 241

Eastman Kodak 46

Edda, the 196

Ehlert, Max 127

Ehrhardt, Alfred 41

Eickstadt, Egon von, Archiv für Rassenbilder (Archive of Racial Images) (book, 1926) 19

Emerick, Carolyn 199

Entartete Kunst (Degenerate Art Exhibition) (exhibition, 1937) 119

Entnazifizierung (denazification) 243

Ermanox camera 46

esotericism x, 65

Estorff, Gustav von 158, 160

ethnic cleansing 13

ethnography and photography 71

ethno-nationalism 10

European New Right 199

Evans, Walker 6

Evola, Julius 62, 66

Exacta camera 48

Expressionism ix

condemnation of by National Socialism 119

Farm Security Administration (FSA) 250

fascism, aesthetics of x, 84, 199

fashion photography 36

Faustian man 91

Feininger, Andreas 41

Fidus (Hugo Höppener), Lichtgebet (Light Prayer) (painting, 1894) 117

Film und Foto (Film and Photo) (exhibition, 1929) 39–40, 43, 248

fin-de-siècle ix

fine art photography 12

Finsler, Hans 44

First World War 53, 72

Treaty of Versailles 65, 72

Fischer, Eugen 4, 215, 221

destruction of the Lodz photographs 237

hereditary characteristics in families 205

photographing Jews in the Lodz ghetto 232

Rehobother Bastards study 215, 217

Fischer, Hans 85

Fraktur, use in nationalist photography books 120, 195

Franke, Gustav 64

Frankfurt School ix, 66

Frentz, Walter 51

Freytag, Heinrich 44

Frick, Wilhelm 80

Führerliste (The Leader’s list of exempt artists working for the war effort) 87

Furtwängler, Wilhelm 92

Gemeinschaft (community) 113

German identity 103

Germany

unification of in 1871 113

Gesellschaft Deutscher Lichtbildner (Society of German Photographers) 140

Gesellschaft (society) 113

Gestalt psychology 210

Gobineau, Arthur de 178

The Inequality of the Human Races (1855) 178

Goebbels, Joseph x, xi, 36, 56, 80, 147, 249

Erich Retzlaff’s portrait of 80

importance of photography in propaganda 137

monitoring of propaganda photography 54

Spanish Civil War propaganda 53

Goldberg, Emanuel

Goldberg Condition 47

Gorky, Maksim and class hatred 248

gothic-style print 97

Gottbegnadeten-Liste (Important Artist Exempt List) 87

Graeff, Werner 40, 44

Great Depression, the 6, 71

Greater Germany 191

Green Party 32

Grierson, John 251

Grimm, Emil 168

Gropius, Walter 39, 43

Große Deutsche Kunstausstellung (Great

German Art Exhibition) (exhibition, 1937) 119–120

Günther, Hans F. K. 4, 74, 88, 90, 148, 218, 221, 226, 232

deterministic view of race 223

Deutsche Köpfe nordischer Rasse (German heads Nordic race) (book, 1927) 4

Rassenkunde des deutschen Volkes (Ethnogeny of the German Peoples) (book, 1922) 224

use of serialisation strategies 205, 224

visualisation of the Nordic prototype 224

Haack, Hans-Erich 84

Haeckel, Ernst 3, 65

Hahn, Otto 87

halftone 100

Hallensleben, Ruth 46

Hamsun, Knut 192

Häring, Hugo 44

Hartmann, Nicolai 87

Harz, Hermann 52

Hauptmann, Gerhart 85, 87

Heartfield, John (Helmut Herzfeld) 38

Heemskerck Düker, Willem F. van 189–190

Friesland-Friezenland (Frisia-Frisia) (book, 1942) 190

Zinnebeelden in Nederland (Symbols in the Netherlands) (book, 1940) 192

Heering, Walther 41

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 62

Hege, Walter 44, 50

Heidegger, Martin 252

Heimat (homeland) xii, 3, 9, 11, 109, 113, 117, 131, 168, 170, 184, 200

and craftsmanship 134

and identity 132

and nostalgia 132

rejection of cosmopolitanism 131

Heimatschutzbewegung (Homeland Protection Movement) 133–134, 139

Hemke-Winterer 200

Hermann, Rudolf 165

Hess, Rudolf viii, 80

Erich Retzlaff’s portrait of 80

Hierl, Konstantin 151, 158

Himmler, Heinrich 12, 80, 175, 183, 189, 201

and the Atlantean hypothesis 182

Erich Retzlaff’s portrait of 80

on the divine origin of the Aryan race 179

prologue to Der Untermensch (The Subhuman) (pamphlet, 1942) 245

reference in a speech to the Oera Linda Book 182

relationship to Hans F. K. Günther 223

support of Herman Wirth 181

Hindenburg, Paul von 79

Hitler, Adolf vii, viii, x, xi, 8–9, 11, 13, 32, 51, 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 69, 79, 119–120, 140, 223, 231

and the ‘iron logic of nature’ 64

Mein Kampf 63

monitoring of propaganda photography 54

physiognomy of 79

special order of (Führerauftrag) 51

Hoffmann, Heinrich xii, 67, 127, 137 curatorial role 55

Das Antlitz des Führers (The Face of the Leader) (book, 1939) 68

Hitler Was My Friend (book, 1955) 69

Hitler wie ihn keiner kennt (Hitler as

No-One Knows Him) (book, 1933) 68

portrait of Hitler 79

Holocaust, the 32, 35

Huch, Ricarda 87

Husserl, Edmund 226

Ignatovich, Boris 248

Iron Curtain 52

Itten, Johannes 44

Jung, Carl Gustav 193

collective unconscious 196

the idea of the archetype 193

Jünger, Ernst 252

Krieg und Krieger (War and Warrior) (book, 1930) vii

Kesting, Edmund 43

Keyserling, Hermann 62

Kittel, Gerhard, collaboration with Eugen Fischer 218

Klages, Ludwig 87

Koch, Heinrich 44

Kodak 49

Kolar, Otto 200

Kolbe, Georg 87

Kolberg (film, 1945) 93

Kracauer, Siegfried ix, 36

Kranz, Kurt 40

Krukenberg, Hermann 25, 27

landscape photography 41

Langbehn, Julius, Rembrandt als Erzieher (Rembrandt as Educator) (book, 1890) 119

Lange, Dorothea 6, 71

Lang, Fritz ix

Laue, Max von 87

Lavater, Johann Kaspar 2, 110

Lebensreformbewegung (Life Reform Movement) 132

Lehmann, Julius Friedrich 78

Leica camera 47, 165, 254

Leitz Company 48

Lendvai-Dircksen, Erna x, 10–11, 50, 74, 100, 109, 115, 125, 137, 142, 169, 188, 198, 200, 236

approaches to portraiture 119, 144

approaches to representing age and gender 120, 145, 195

atavistic staging of her sitters 122

critique of an anthropological approach to photography 148

Das deutsche Volksgesicht. Flandern (The Face of the German Race, Flanders) (book, 1942) 147

Das deutsche Volksgesicht (The Face of the German Race) (book, 1932) 20, 97, 100, 103–104, 106, 127, 139–140, 146

early career 106

early life 140

financial support from the National Socialist state. 147

ideology in her work 125–126, 145, 168

melding of modernism and traditionalism 104

on cosmopolitanism 140

portrait of Käthe Kollwitz 106

portrait studio in Charlottenburg 140

Reichsautobahn Mensch und Werk (Reichsautobahn Man and Work) (book, 1937) 110, 127

technical sophistication in her work 113

traditional costumes in her work 141 understanding of physiognomy 110–111

Unsere deutschen Kinder (Our German Children) (book, 1932) 127

Lerski, Helmar x, 9, 103–104, 236

Köpfe des Alltags

unbekannte Menschen (Everyday Heads

Unknown People) (book, 1931) 5, 100, 198, 200

Ley, Robert 80

Liebenfels, Jorg Lanz von 178, 181

Lippmann, Walter 45

List, Guido von 176, 178

Lumière brothers 49

Luschan, Felix von 218, 221, 232

photographs of ‘types’ in ethnology and physical anthropology 205

Marey, Étienne-Jules 227

Martin, Rudolf 12, 205, 210–211, 217, 221, 226

anthropometric technique on prisoners of war and Jews 211

Marxism 64

Mendelian logic of traits 217

Meyer, Hannes 39

microfilm 53

modernism ix, x, 36, 54–55, 201

and monumentalism 44, 147, 161

Moholy, Lucia 44, 124

Moholy-Nagy, László 15–16, 19, 28, 38–39, 51, 123–124

‘From Pigment to Light’ (essay, 1936) 28

Malerie Fotografie Film (Painting Photography Film) (book, 1925) 40

Molzahn, Johannes 15, 19

Mosse, George L.

‘The Mystical Origins of National Socialism’ (essay, 1961) 175

Muche, Georg 44

Müffling, Wilhelm Freiherr von 78

Münchhausen, Börries von 87

Museum of Modern Art (New York), MoMA 39

Muybridge, Eadweard 227

Nachenius, Machteld 189

national romanticism 11

National Socialism

and autarky 65, 149, 163

and avant-gardism 35

and ‘degenerate art’ xi

and environmentalism 32

and irrationalism ix

and modernism 32, 34, 57

and ‘Natural Law’ 64

and neo-paganism viii

and propaganda x, xiii, 32, 34, 36, 39–40, 45, 69, 199

and the concept of ‘Jewish-Bolshevism’ x

and the concept of Jews as a Gegenrasse (counter-race) 223

and the concept of the ‘master race’ viii, 9

and the concept of the ‘subhuman’ x and the concept of the ‘superman’ 202 and the Führerprinzip (leader principle) 10, 61–63, 65–66, 69, 75, 93, 152

and the ideology of ‘blood and soil’ viii, xiii, 11, 115, 151, 170, 184

and the notion of the racial collective 71

and the ‘supernatural imaginary’ viii, xiii, 65, 174

and tradition 169

and wartime photographic propaganda in print 52–54, 56

cultural policies of xi

declaration of Totaler Krieg or ‘Total War’ 83

effect of its ideology on science 206

Gleichschaltung (co-ordination of culture) 10

Grenzwissenschaften (fringe science) viii

influence of its ideology on aesthetics 206

intellectual milieu 85

Kriegshilfsdienst KHD (War Auxiliary Service) 162

NS-Lehrerbundes (the National Socialist teachers association) 176

occult influences on 173, 175

Rassenpolitische Amt der NSDAP (Office of Racial Policy) 246

Reichsarbeitsdienst der weiblichen Jugend (Reich Labour Service of the Female Youth) (RAD/wJ) 152

Reichskulturkammer (Reich Chamber of Culture) 147

Reichsministerium für Volksaufklärung und Propaganda (Reich Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda) 56

Reichsschrifttumskammer (Reich Chamber of Literature) 147

Selbstgleichschaltung (self-coordination) 5, 8

the SS or Schutzstaffel 55, 64, 80, 147, 160, 191

visual culture in 123

National Socialism in the Netherlands Hamer Uitgeverij publisher 191

Naturschutzbewegung (Conservation Movement) 132

neo-classicism x

Neue Sachlichkeit (New Objectivity) x, 5, 124–126, 147

and August Sander 136

Neuner, Hein and Hannes 40, 43

New Vision 4, 10, 18, 32, 35, 38, 40–41, 43, 69, 124, 147, 253

and August Sander 136

Nietzsche, Friedrich

and the ‘last man’ 65, 91

and the superman or Ubermensch 65

Nordic race 4, 88, 90, 161, 196, 218

NS-Frauen-Warte (NS Women’s

Observer) (illustrated magazine) 75, 184, 195–196

occult

influence on modernism ix

Odal (illustrated magazine) 75

Olympic Games (Berlin, 1936) 35, 43, 45 plans to film in colour 50

Oncken, Hermann 87

out of Africa theory, opposition to 176

Owens, Jesse 117

Pagenhardt, Eduard von 166

palingenesis 13, 66

paranormal milieu in Germany and Austria 174, 178

Peterhans, Walter 39, 41

Pfitzner, Hans 87

photo-book 192

photo-essay, development of 100, 115

photograms 124

photographic representations of the ‘other’ 144

photographic serialization 36

photography

35mm cinematic application 49

and anthropology 3

and modernism 13, 34, 69, 125

as evidence 55

development of the 35mm camera 34, 38, 47–48

doubling technique 79

in picture series 38, 168

in print media 209

the invention of 1

veracity of 208

photography and race science 3, 205– 210, 215, 217–218, 221, 224–225, 227, 229, 231, 235–236

and the scientific method 232

establishing a protoype of the Volk 235

influence on National Socialism 28

photography of Ethnos (Heimat photography or völkisch photography) 7, 12–13, 133–134, 137, 139, 145, 162, 168, 175–176, 190, 196, 200, 246, 250–254

Ahnenerbe support for 184, 189–190 and the representation of gender roles 156

as an aspect of modernity 161, 170, 243

as a National Socialist photographic style 91

as a rejection of positivism 175

as identitarianism 202

as propaganda 161

as representation of ‘blood and soil’ 6, 8–10

atavism as an aesthetic approach 184, 192, 200, 202

influence of physiognomy on 200

occult influences on 173, 202

portraits as ‘archetypal imprints’ 193

post-war careers of the photographers 240–241, 252

post-war critical marginalisation of 254

photogravure process 97, 113, 139

photojournalism 34, 45–47, 49, 53, 160

photomontage 2, 38, 43

physical anthropology 12, 205, 210, 218

physiognomy 2, 110

affected by temperament 110

and aesthetics 66

and photography 8

and provenance 66

peasant as physiognomic motif 74, 109–110

physiognomic types 11

popularity in Germany 66

racial-physiognomic approach 74, 88, 90–92

use of during the Third Reich viii, xiii

Pictorialism 4, 6

Pinder, Wilhelm 87

Planck, Max 87

portrait photography 2, 26, 160

post-modernism 14

Pressa Exhibition, 1928 139

Purper, Liselotte 159

racial determinism 209

racial mysticism x

radical traditionalism 13

in photography 254

Raviv, Moshe 40

Reimann, Albert 44

Renger-Patzsch, Albert 45, 123–124

Retzlaff, Erich x, xii, 10, 50, 66, 69, 74–75, 78, 80, 85, 91, 127, 168, 175, 184, 189, 198, 200

Agfacolor, das farbige Lichtbild (Agfacolor, the Colour Photograph) (book, 1938) 71

Ahnenerbe support for 190

Das Antlitz Des Alters (The Face of Age) (book, 1930) 75, 186

Das Geistige Gesicht Deutschlands (The

Spiritual Face of Germany) (book, 1952) 241

Das Gesicht des Geistes (The Face of the Spirit) (book, 1944) 20, 83, 85, 90, 93

as Retzlaff’s physiognomic magnum opus 84

Die von der Scholle (Those of the Earth) (book, 1931) 75

early studios in Düsseldorf 72

Komm Spiel mit mir (Come Play with Me) (book, 1943) 83

Länder und Völker an der Donau

Rumänien, Bulgarien, Ungarn,

Kroatien (Land and Peoples of the Danube

Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary and Croatia) (book, 1944) 83

membership of the NSDAP 78

Menschen am Werk (People and Work) (book, 1931) 75

photographic style 69, 72

post-war work 241

representation of the ‘Nordic type’ 75, 78

technical innovations of 71

use of Agfacolor Neu 168

use of physiognomy 80, 186

Wegbereiter und Vorkämpfer für das neue Deutschland (Pioneers and Champions of the New Germany) (book, 1933) 80

work as radical traditionalism 91

work for the Andermann Verlag 83 work for the Metzner Verlag 83, 189

Retzlaff, Hans 11, 137, 158, 163, 190, 200, 241

approach to photography 169

Arbeitsmaiden am Werk (Labour Service Women at Work) (book, 1940) 137, 151, 154, 156, 158, 160–162, 169

atavistic staging of his sitters 142

ideology in his work 169

traditional costumes in his work 149

Wilhelm Decker, introduction to Arbeitsmaiden am Werk 151

Riedweg, Franz 147, 193

Riefenstahl, Leni xiii, 127

Olympia (film, 1938) 31, 117

Röhm, Ernst 80

Rolleiflex camera 48

roll film 38, 46, 48

romanticism x

romantic mysticism in photography 200

Römer, Willy 137

Rosenberg, Alfred 182

Der Mythus des 20. Jahrhunderts (The Myth of the Twentieth Century) (book, 1930) 182

speculations about the origins of the Aryan race in Atlantis 181

Saebens, Hans 175, 190

photographic style and approach 186

Sander, August x, 4, 9, 66, 103, 111, 122, 250

Antlitz der Zeit (Face of Our Time) (book, 1929) 16, 67, 102, 104, 125

classification methodology 102

Menschen des 20. Jahrhunderts (Citizens of the Twentieth Century) 102, 136

possible influence on Erich Retzlaff 72

proscription during National Socialism 137

style and approach 136

use of typologies 104

Sauerbruch, Ferdinand 87

Schäfer, Wilhelm 87

Schawinsky, Xanti 43

Scheidt, Walter 231

Scheper, Hinnerk 43

Schilling, Heinar (Heinrich) 64

Schmidt, Joost 39, 43

Schmitt, Carl 63

Schultze-Naumburg, Paul 43, 133, 139

Kunst und Rasse (Art and Race) (book, 1928) 119

Schwindrazheim, Oscar 133, 139

Second World War xii, 61

destruction of German Cities during 55

displaced Germans 170

Propagandakompanien der Wehrmacht (Armed Forces Propaganda

Company - PK) 47, 53–54

propaganda sources 52

role of photography 34, 53

scarcity of paper in Germany during 54

SS-Kriegsberichter-Kompanie (Waffen-SS war reporters company) 54

US war propaganda 43

Seifert, Alwin 32

Seraphim, Peter-Heinz 231

Signal (illustrated magazine) 52, 75

slide film 51

social Darwinism 64

struggle and survival of the fittest 179

Socialist Realism 36

Socialist Realist photography 248

Sontag, Susan 84, 250

on Leni Riefenstahl 199

Soviet Union 52, 84, 241

and photography xiii

and propaganda 248

and the avant-garde 36, 66

Spengler, Oswald 91, 252

Srbik, Heinrich Ritter von 87

staged photography 175

Stankowsky, Anton 40

Strasser, Gregor 80

Strauss, Richard 87

Streicher, Julius 80

Surén, Hans, Der Mensch und die Sonne (Man and Sun) (book, 1925) 115, 117

Talbot, William H. Fox

The Pencil of Nature (book, 1844-46) 100

Taro, Gerda 48

The Cabinet of Dr Caligari (film, 1920) ix

Theosophy ix

Thoma, Hans 145

Thule (Atlantis), lost civilisation of 202 as the Urheimat 175, 180

opposition to the idea of 182

Thule Society 78

Todt, Fritz 147

Tönnies, Ferdinand 113

totalitarianism 31

traditionalism x

Tritschler, Alfred 45, 47, 165–166

Trump, Georg 40

Tschichold, Jan 40

Typophoto 38–40, 43

Ufa 93

Unverzagt, Wilhelm 190

Urvolk (Germanic Ancestors) 178

Vögler, Albert 87

Volk 139

völkisch culture 3, 71, 198

and the theory of polygenesis 176

influence of Theosophy on 178

influence on broader German culture 12

influence on photography viii, 9, 74, 109

influence on science 236

rejection of cosmopolitanism 184

Volksgeist (spirit of the nation) 189

Volksgemeinschaft (the people’s community) viii, 5, 9, 90–91, 93, 152

Volkskörper (body of the nation) 139, 144, 156

Volk und Rasse (People and Race) (exhibition) (1934-1937) 246

Volk und Rasse (People and Race) (illustrated magazine) xii, 75, 144, 196, 253

Vömel, Alexander, Erich Retzlaff’s portrait of 72

Wagner, Richard x, 93

Gesamtkunstwerk 93

Wall Street Crash 57

Warburg, Aby 224

Weimar Republic viii, x, 117

and physiognomy 4, 9, 15–16, 18, 25–26, 74

and progressivism ix, 4

and the occult milieu ix, 21

artistic milieu 71

development of photography during 4, 10, 15

popularity of illustrated magazines 18

popularity of the photobook 100, 103

Western Esotericism 201

West Germany 10, 53, 84, 241

Weston, Edward 6

Wieland, Heinrich 87

Windisch, Hans 41, 50

Wirth, Herman 12, 175, 179

Der Aufgang der Menschheit (Ascent of Mankind) (book, 1928) 180

interest in the Oera Linda Book 180–181

Nordic-Atlantean hypothesis 180–181, 192

removal from the Ahnenerbe 183

Wittgenstein, Ludwig

idea of ‘family resemblance’ 224

Wittkugel, Klaus 40

Wolff, Paul 38, 45, 50, 165–166

and colour photography 170

and the Leica 137

Meine Erfahrungen... farbig (My Experiences... in Colour) (book, 1942) 165–166, 168

Meine Erfahrungen mit der Leica (My Experiences with the Leica) (book, 1934) 47

Wüst, Walther 183, 186

Zeiss Ikon 46

Zeit im Bild (Image of our Time) (film, 1942) 91

Zepp, Walter

Minox cameras 48