Index of Biblical Citations

Note: Citations that refer specifically to the Septuagint are marked with LXX. In the papers, the biblical books are cited with the title abbreviations indicated in brackets. The abbreviations follow The Chicago Manual of Style. Citations within each entry are in numerical order by chapter and version, indicated in boldface type.

Acts of the Apostles (Acts) 10 351; 12:5 201n9

Amos (Am) 6:4 74n4; LXX 1–2 73

Apocrypha (Apoc.) 27n13, 28–29, 33, 45–46, 130, 131, 133, 134n15, 146n29

1 Chronicles (1 Chr) 19:6 117n168; 21:16 119n226

2 Chronicles (2 Chr) 6:42 106, 120n230; 16:10 114n97; 20:27 116n161; 24:24 120n248; 25:16 124n327; 32:3 112n54; 32:17 117n180; 32:18 117n172, 117n176; 35:13 125n348

1 Corinthians (1 Cor) 7:26 157; 7:29 157; 13:11 279; 13:12 278

2 Corinthians (2 Cor) 6:14–7:1 166n27

Daniel (Dn) 9, 10, 11; 1:19 78n16; 11:3 121n261; 12:7 123n314; 12:10 112n55; 14:32–38 382

Deuteronomy (Dt) 1:7 118n198; 6:5 115n133; 10:17 118n201; 13:4 111n42; 20:19 112n45; 21:14 30n24; 23:4 27n14; 26:19 114n102; 28:48 119n218; 31:4 118n196; 32:43 118n186

Ecclesiastes (Eccl) 6:10 118n203; 11:6 122n279

Ephesians (Eph) 6:17 283

Esther (Est) 10, 11, 12, 13, 14n25, 28, 91, 100, 101, 143n23, 170n2, 312, 432, 433, 458; 1:8 125n355, 125n356; 1:10 101; 1:11 113; 2:15 120n246; 2:17 91, 102, 120n244, 120n249; 2:18 123n299; 2:20 458; 3:6 458; 4:11 115n125; 5:1–8 458; 5:1 102, 112n47, 120n243; 5:2 91, 102; 5:3 92; 5:6 121n253; 7:2 121n253; 7:3–4 458; 7:6–10 458; 7:8 100; 8:3 115n140; 9:19 98n9; 9:22 125n350, 125n359; 9:27 125n357; 9:29 125n358

Exodus (Ex) 25, 99, 106; 5:19 113n93; 10:7 114n112; 14:28 124n342; 15:1–21 25; 15:1 135; 15:20 106n21, 123n319; 16:4 99, 111n42; 16:31 99; 16:32 99; 20:6 120n229; 21:31 119n214; 23:15 122n284; 33:11 141; 34:30 106, 123n321; 38:8 115n129; 40:29 278

Ezekiel (Ez) 97, 99, 107, 286, 320; 1:5–11 286; 2:8–3:3 97; 2:9 111n33; 3:3 99, 111n34, 111n35, 111n36; 4:1 111n32; 4:2 112n44; 11:16 112n57; 11:19 210n35; 14:19 122n276; 16 320; 21:18 35; 23:5 120n235; 28:2 112n68; 28:17 122n275

Genesis (Gn) 52, 105, 364; 3:15 329, 363, 365; 4:10 117n178; 9:21 123n303; 12:14–15 102; 12:15 120n247; 16:6 94; 16:8 93; 19:5 116n151; 19:6 120n241; 19:8 94n28; 19:20 102, 121n264; 19:30–31 102; 19:30 121n255; 21:16 122n286; 24:26 124n333; 25:56 122n280; 26:7 113n78; 27:20 120n233; 27:34 116n165; 31:24 113n91; 33 115n124; 34 163; 34:1–31 88n17; 34:15 112n60; 34:16 112n58, 112n61; 34:18 112n62; 34:19 104, 112n63, 112n64, 122n289; 34:22 104; 34:31 116n153; 36:16 104; 38:14 105, 123n320; 38:26 105; 39:4–5 103; 39:11 103, 123n307; 39:12 78n16; 39:19 114n116, 116n146, 116n164, 119n207; 40:17 125n353; 41:40 103, 121n270; 42:12 115n124; 42:28 115n127; 44:7 115n120; 46:30 119n225

Haggai (Hg) 319

Hosea (Hos) 3:1 123n322; 5:15 115n132; 7:4 125n352

Isaiah (Is) 106; 1:16 122n281; 1:25 113n87; 3:3 118n190; 8:2 124n324; 8:10 113n90, 115n128; 12:4 111n41; 13:14 119n206; 14:26 112n56; 20:6 118n194; 28:11 114n103; 32:11 114n111; 36:5 121n258; 36:20 119n212, 119n223; 40:28 118n195; 42:24 114n107; 45:21 113n69; 46:2 114n105; 46:9 113n69; 46:10 113n70; 46:12 112n66; 46:13 112n67, 113n71; 47:8 113n75, 113n76; 48:1 113n82; 48:3 114n99; 48:4 114n100; 48:8 113n84; 48:10 113n83; 48:17 113n89; 55:3 120n230; 62:11–12 107; 62:11 125n362; 62:12 125n363; 65:13–14 119n220

James (Jas) 2:6 229n9

Jeremiah (Jer) 2:27 114n117; 7:34 114n114, 114n115; 11:25 118n185; 15:16 119n206; 21:5 117n182; 21:9 112n59; 22:19 119n216, 125n325; 26:14 114n104; 30:16 111n39; 32:18 120n229; 32:19 118n189; 32:39 210n34; 32:33 114n117; 36:30 119n219; 37:13 119n211, 120n234; 37:20 118n191, 121n265; 38:2 121n259; 38:4 119n211; 40:16 119n209; 43:2 119n209; 49:1–2 112n49; 52:4 112n44; 52:6–7 112n46; LXX 25:32 73

Job (Jb) 32:4 113n95

Joel (Jl) 2:12 114n101; 2:26 111n37; 3:8 118n200; 4:7 118n200; LXX 73

John (Jn) 1:1 107; 6:48–49 107

Jonah (Jon) 1:5 123n304; 1:8 93n27; 3:5 117n169; 4:5 121n263; 7:8 123n315

Joshua (Jo) 2:13 93n24, 102, 121n266, 121n269; 6:5 117n171; 8:20 113n94; 9:22 122n292; 9:24 122n292; 9:25 114n104; 11:7 124n336; 12:1 118n197; LXX 6:19 79

Judges (Jgs) 25, 435; 3:11 25n4; 3:12–30 25; 3:16 92; 3:19 92; 3:21 123n312; 3:25 92, 123n306, 124n337, 124n339; 3:27 116n155; 3:28 116n156; 3:30 25n4; 4:4 124n346; 4:5 106; 4:17–22 25; 4:19 100, 105; 4:21 100, 105, 123n313; 5:24–27 25; 5:24 100; 5:25 100; 5:27 105; 5:30 113n73, 113n74; 5:31 25n4, 124n334, 124n343; 7:2 123n311; 7:21 116n158; 8:11 116n159; 8:28 25n4, 112n53; 9:7 121n255, 121n257; 9:40 124n341; 14:6 120n231; 15:13 101, 119n224; 16:16 116n145; 16:19 94; 16:26 120n238; 19:2 101–102, 120n235; 19:17 93n27; 19:22 115n123; 19:24 94n28; 21:2 114n108

Judith (Jdt). See Index of Citations for the Book of Judith

1 Kings (1 Kgs) 185; 2:12 121n260; 2:20 104, 122n283; 3:8 117n166; 3:18 105, 106, 123n307; 3:28 105; 4:20 117n167; 5:7 121n268; 5:21 121n268; 8:22 123n309; 8:66 124n344; 9:12 113n80; 9:22 117n170; 10:21 117n174; 12:37 121n271; 14:7 121n255; 16:9 123n305; 18:28–29 124n338; 20:11 118n187; 20:22 113n85; 20:40 119n215; 20:43 113n92; 21:15 124n332

2 Kings (2 Kgs) 4:1 120n228, 121n254; 5:3 118n192; 6:23 123n298, 125n347; 6:26 117n173; 8:12 113n86, 113n88, 121n262; 9:18 116n152; 9:30 120n245; 10:6 119n205, 124n323; 10:10 124n331; 11:3 124n345; 13:5 115n135, 116n162; 13:21 123n308; 18:28 117n176; 21:14 114n119; 23:1–2 112n65; 24:13 112n50; 24:33 112n51; 25:1 112n44

Lamentations (Lam) 5:5 111n43

Leviticus (Lv) 6:14 125n351; 6:21 125n351; 15:28 122n277; 21:14 113n81; LXX 27:28 79

Luke (Lk) 366; 1:28 362; 1:38 287; 2:36–38 157

1 Maccabees (1 Mc) 14n25, 91, 185; 7:26–50 26; LXX 7:47 79n19

2 Maccabees (2 Mc) 11, 12, 14n25, 91, 185; 15:1–36 26; LXX 15:35 8, 79n19

Malachi (Mal) 2:11 116n143; 2:13 115n126

Mark (Mk) 12:41–42 286; 23:12 184

Matthew (Mt) 109, 156; 25:4 157; 25:7 155

Micah (Mi) 4:8 119n204; 5:10 117n181; 6:16 118n184; 7:7 118n188

Nehemiah (Neh) 1:11 123n310; 11:4 112n52

Numbers (Nm) 14:18 117n183; 16:26 122n285; 21:1 116n163; 21:27 116n142; 22:21–35 382; 22:31 382; 26:65 116n160; LXX 18:14 79

Philippians (Phil) 2:3 288

Proverbs (Prv) 3:4 115n138; 21:31 281; 22:23 118n199; 26:27 125n354; 30:7 122n282

Psalms (Ps) 128, 310, 319, 320; 18:49 111n40; 19:11 98n10; 24:1 118n202; 26:6 122n278; 35:13 120n236, 122n293; 47:4 111n48; 50:2 113n77; 50:12 210n33; 60:2 137n18; 90 289; 99:4 117n175; 109:18 457–58; 113:2 124n330; 116 379n16; 118:19–21 457; 119:126 120n239; 142:2 120n237; 142:8 114n98, 125n360; LXX 59:2 137n18; Vulg. 59:2 137n18

Ruth (Ru) 30n24; 1:3 82n7; 1:13 115n121, 115n122; 1:19 115n139; 2:1 124n326; 2:5 108n25, 120n250; 2:13 93, 121n267; 2:14 93; 3:7 100, 123n300, 123n302; 3:9 92, 103, 121n252; LXX 1:6 77

1 Samuel (1 Sm) 1:18 121n251; 3:29 464; 4:3 119n222, 120n232; 5:2 79; 5:9 115n130; 7:10 124n340; 9:9 118n193; 10:23 124n328; 10:27 116n149; 14:48 112n48; 16:18 115n136; 17 25; 17:18 99n15, 123n296, 123n301, 125n349; 17:49 123n316; 17:51 78n17, 92, 100, 116n154, 123n317; 17:52 116n157; 18:25 113n72; 19:5 92; 20:31 119n213; 21:10 100, 123n318; 24:7 231; 25:32 102, 120n240; 25:39 102; 25:42 102, 120n242; 26:8 119n221; 28:2 121n272; 30:11–12 124n329; 30:12 119n227; 31:10 79

2 Samuel (2 Sm) 3:29 464; 3:34 119n217; 10:6 137n18; 10:8 137n18; 11 104; 11:2 113n78; 11:11 80; 12:5 119n213; 13:1 115n137; 13:6 93n26, 99, 101, 123n295; 13:8 122n294; 13:9 103; 13:10 123n297; 13:11 93, 103, 104, 122n273; 13:13 116n141, 116n144; 13:22 116n144; 16:7 119n208; 16:22 75n9; 19:5 122n291; 20:1 116n155; 20:3 115n131; 20:5 113n96; 20:8 116n147, 116n148, 124n335; 20:9 116n150; 20:22 116n154; 24:4 114n109; 26:16 114n118

Song of Songs (Sg) 286; 4:9 99; 7:6 122n274; 7:7 103; 8:7 117n179

Susanna (Sus.) 9, 13, 30n24, 128, 145n28

1 Thessalonians (1 Thes) 2:16 49

Tobit (Tb) 10, 11, 28–29, 43n3, 433

Zechariah (Zec) 14:2 114n110; 14:4 121n256

Index of Citations for the Book of Judith

Note: The citations are ordered following the different traditions of two main redactions, the Greek Septuagint (LXX) and the Latin Vulgate (Vulg.), that differ widely in their text and have different verse numbering. The general Judith entries follow modern English verse numbering which is based on the LXX version. Whenever a specific version is referenced in one of the papers, this is indicated by the abbreviations as given below.

Judith (Jdt) 9:2 163; 9:12–13 435n8; 9:13 439n13; 11:18–19 440n15; 13:4 159; 13:7 159; 13:16 386n4; 14:1–5 159; 16:3 439n10; 16:8–11 440n14; 16:15–21 379; 16:20–21 437n8; 16:20 439n11

Douay-Rheims (DV) 10:3 331n10, 338n19; 10:14 217; 13:17 217; 13:19–26 350

Luther Bible 15, 36, 45, 48, 130–131, 455; 8:24 249; 16:10 239

Septuagint (LXX) 6–13, 14, 15, 17, 21, 23, 36, 41n2, 44, 44n4, 45, 47, 48n10, 77–80, 228–229, 345; 1–7 73n3; 1:1 24; 1:7–11 30n24; 2:4 71; 2:5–13 71; 2:14–20 72; 2:22–27 73; 3:8 73; 6:2 73; 7:6–7 73; 8 73; 8:1–8 71; 8:2 82; 8:7 83n9; 8–9 73; 8:10–27 83; 8–16 73, 73n3; 8:29 83n9; 8:32–34 73, 84; 8:33–34 85; 9 73; 9:1–2 8n13; 9:1–14 83; 9:2–4 88n17; 9:3 74n4; 10 73; 10:4 92n23; 10:6–10 85; 10:7 83n9; 10:10 86; 10:14 83n9; 10:15 79; 10:19 79, 83n9; 10:20 74; 10:20–12:20 73; 10:21 74, 74n4; 10:22 74; 10:23 83n9; 11 74; 11:5 77; 11:16 77; 11:16–17 83; 11:17 77, 87; 11:19 74n5, 79; 11:20–22 83n9; 11:23 77; 12:6–7 87; 12:11 79; 12:12 78, 79, 89n18; 12:13–14 93n25; 12:14 94n28; 12:16 74, 79; 12:17 78; 12:20 78, 80; 13:2 74n4, 78, 80; 13:4 74n4; 13:6 9n14, 74n4; 13:7 74n4; 13:8 73, 78; 13:9 74, 74n4; 13:14 78; 13:15 74, 78; 13:16 94; 14:1–4 83; 14:1 79; 14:5–8 85; 14:11 79; 15:11 74n4; 15:12–16 83; 15:12 280; 15:17 83; 16:1–17 25; 16:5 78; 16:8 239; 16:9 92n23; 16:19 74, 79, 92n23; 16:25 25

Shalom bar Abraham’s Book of Judith in Yiddish 1:8 140; 2:5 140; 2:8 134; 2:15 140; 3:1 134, 137n19; 3:3 134; 3:14 138n19; 5:4 140; 5:19 141; 6:10 137; 7:1 137; 13:10 134; 13:29 141; 15:4 140; 16:5 140; 16:7 141; 16:24 140, 141; 16:25 140

Vulgate (Vulg.) 14, 16, 17, 28, 29, 36, 57, 130–131, 146n29, 173, 214, 312, 338, 346, 350, 351, 356, 433; 4:13 201n10; 7:14 388n10; 7:19 388n10; 7:20 394n21; 8:1 82n7; 8:2 82n7; 8:29 45, 249; 8:32 52; 9:6–10 204; 9:13 250; 9:17 210n32; 9:17–19 205; 10:3 235, 325; 10:4 329n5, 392n18; 10:7 235; 10:7–8 86; 11:14–15 87; 12:5–7 87; 13:6–10 236; 13:9 331; 13:20 94, 360, 386; 13:22 379n16; 13:23 362; 13:27–31 85; 13:27 345; 14:12 249; 15:10–11 359, 360; 15:11 50; 16:1–21 142; 16:10 239, 443; 16:22–31 142; 16:26 328; 16:31 31

Zurich Bible 15, 36, 131, 133–135, 141, 146n29, 249; 1:8 140; 2:1 143; 2:5 140; 2:8 134; 2:9 137; 2:15 140; 3:1 133, 134, 137, 137n19, 146; 3:2 134, 146; 3:3 134, 147, 147n32; 3:4–6 147; 3:7 148; 3:8 148; 3:9 134, 148; 3:10 149; 3:11 149; 3:12 149; 3:13 149; 3:14 137, 138n19, 150; 3:15 150; 4:8 139; 5:4 140; 5:19 141; 6:10 137; 6:21 139; 7:1 137; 8:4 143; 10:16 135; 12:4 135; 12:16 135; 13:10 134; 13:29 141; 13:31 135; 15:4 140; 16:1–21 142; 16:4 135; 16:5 140; 16:7 141; 16:22–31 142; 16:24–25 143; 16:24 140, 141; 16:25 140; 16:26 144. See also Shalom bar Abraham’s Book of Judith in Yiddish

Full Subject Index

Note: Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations.

Abigail 102

Abra (Jdt 10–16; Judith’s maid) 52, 52n17, 61, 79, 85, 100, 203, 207, 341

Abraham 94, 190, 266, 283, 284

Absalom 243, 244

Achior (Jdt 5–16; Captain of the Ammonites) 12, 23, 53, 81, 84–85, 173, 185, 187, 189, 193, 206, 234, 249, 250, 254

conversion to Judaism 11, 24, 27

Adam 59, 243, 252, 262, 285, 364

Ælfric of Eynsham 108, 169–93
homily on Judith 170n2, 171, 187–93
Life of Malchus 176

Æthelburg of Wessex 172n8

Ahasuerus 92, 100, 102

Alberti, Giovanfrancesco
Oloferne Tragedia 59

Alberti, Leon Battista 292

d’Albret, Jeanne 63, 227, 234

Alexander the Great 243, 337

Alexandria 7, 10, 25, 27

de Almeida, Francisco António 393–95

Amazons 19, 57, 279, 327

Ambrose of Milan 50, 155, 156, 166, 175–76, 178, 180, 214n6

Ammonites 23, 24
See also Achior

Amnon 93, 99, 101, 103–104

angels 93, 94, 314, 316, 323, 362, 363, 365
Jerome’s 360–62

Anguissola, Antonio Maria 375, 380, 383

Anne of Denmark (1574–1619), queen of James VI of Scotland/James I of England 238

anti-heretical discourse 349–55, 355–58

anti-Semitism 20, 64, 454–60, 462–63, 465–66

Antiochus Epiphanes 12, 26, 34, 98, 110

Aprocrypha 4, 14, 23, 24, 27n13, 28, 29, 29n20, 33, 33n34, 44, 45, 46, 95, 101, 130, 130n8, 131, 133, 134n15, 146n29, 260n2, 264n15, 269, 312, 350

Apostolic Constitutions 14

Arfaxat/Arphaxad (Jdt 1; king of the Medes) 23, 24, 248, 249, 251, 253, 257

Ariosto, Ludovico
Orlando Furioso 234

Aristotle 169n1, 243, 244, 245, 313, 314, 317

Arphaxad. See Arfaxat

Artemis 327, 336, 340

Arundel 44 18, 275, 277–90

asceticism 8–9, 12, 13, 34

assassinations 227, 230, 407, 414n10

Assyrians 8, 24, 54, 71, 170
See also Nebuchadnezzar

Athanasius of Alexandria 50

Athelred the Unred 171

Athena 19, 57, 327, 332

Athena Armed as Athena Parthenos 331, 333

Augustine of Hippo 50, 156, 287, 288, 327

Augustus, Gaius Julius Caesar 75

Azariah. See Ozias

Bach, Johann Sebastian 442

Bagoas/Vagao/Vagaus (Jdt 12–14; Holofernes’s eunuch) 77–78, 79, 89n18, 93n25, 387, 410–11

Balaam 378, 380, 381, 382

Baldini, Baccio 294, 298

Baldung Grien, Hans 55, 252

banquets 56, 81n3, 91, 93n25, 100, 123, 194, 235, 250, 252, 256, 379n16

Banti, Alberto M. 397, 407, 408, 413n7, 415

Barberini, Francesco 374

Baronio, Cesare 349, 349n8

Du Bartas, Guillaume de Salluste, 17, 48n10, 63, 214, 215, 217–24
La Judit 17, 48n10, 215, 227–38

Bastiano, Fra 375

bathing 23, 87, 219

Bathsheba 104, 105
The Battle of Maldon 171

Beard, Thomas

The theatre of Gods judgement 263

Beardsley, Aubrey 409

beauty 83, 85, 239, 256, 388n10
Absalom’s 243
dangerous 263, 332, 423–24
Judith’s 56, 78, 182, 190, 217–20, 222–23, 235
Sarah’s 102
Vashti’s 101
See also femmes fatales

beds 12, 13, 26, 35, 74–75, 74n4, 78, 83, 135, 158–59, 216, 219, 221, 223, 236, 256
See also canopies

Beham, Hans Sebald 61

beheading 7–8, 47n8, 56, 78–79, 88, 101
as castration symbol 7–8, 64
devil’s 174
Goliath’s 100, 185
Kyros’s288
See also Holofernes; tyrants

Bellarmine, Robert (Bellarmino, Roberto) 349, 349n8, 350

Bellini, Vincenzo 407

Beowulf 169n1, 170

Bethulia 8, 12, 23, 24, 26, 45, 56, 58, 73, 79, 81, 85, 94, 106, 135, 137, 183, 185, 201, 206, 215, 323

Bianchi, Ludovico 380

Bible
Hebrew Bible 27–28, 44n4, 101, 131, 137
New Testament 48, 153
Old Testament 10, 18, 45, 46, 51, 55, 56, 63, 153, 245
Septuagint. See Index of Biblical Citations; Index of Citations for the Book of Judith
Vulgate (Vulg.) 14, 16, 17, 28, 29, 32–33, 36, 37, 39, 42, 43–55, 57, 130–31, 142, 146n29, 173, 201, 210, 214, 217, 249, 312, 328, 338, 346, 350, 351, 356, 433
See also Aprocrypha; Index of Biblical Citations
”Biblia Pauperum” 52

von Bismarck, Otto 423, 442

blasphemy 263, 357

blindness 381, 382, 463

blood 159, 175, 340, 409, 462
See also menstrual cycles

Boaz (Book of Ruth) 92, 93, 100, 103

Boissard, Jean Jacques 136

Botticelli, Sandro 19, 294, 296, 325, 332
Portrait of a Young Girl 335

Boucher, Jean, 357
De justa Henrici Tertii abdicatione 231

Bourgault-Ducoudray, Louis-Albert 451

bread 107, 291

bride/brides of Christ 108, 175, 181, 277, 290

broadsheets 240, 246
The Overthrow of Proud Holofernes 246
to the tune of the battle of Pavia 246, 247, 253

Bronzini, Cristofano 375

Bruno, Vincenzo 366

de Bry, Theodor 136

Buchanan, George 230

Buren, Daniel 4

Burton, Robert
The Anatomy of Melancholy 264

Byrhtnoth (Ealdorman of Essex) 171

Calvinists 227, 230, 349

Cambyses 50

Camden, William 228

cameos 35–36, 338–43
See also bracelets

canons 27–28, 44, 421
Christian 14, 45, 264n15, 270, 313, 327, 350
Greek 27
Jewish 27, 97, 409

canopies 15, 24, 26, 71, 72, 73–80, 185

Caravaggio, Michelangelo Merisi da 18, 19, 55, 56, 60, 325, 338, 340, 345, 390, 409

Caron, Rose 442

Caroto, Giovanni Battista 363
Virgin Annunciate 364

Cassetti, Giacomo 371–72, 399–403

cassoni (marriage chests) 58, 294

castrati 391

castration 7–8, 59, 64, 100, 391

Catelli, Attilio 406

de Celada, Diego
Ivditha Illustris perpetuo commentario 352, 352n17, 354, 356

celibacy 157, 328

Cellini, Benvenuto
Perseus and Medusa 324

charity 276, 316n20

Charlemagne 244, 312

Charles-Albert of Sardinia 415

Charles II 261n4

charm 439–51

Charmis (Jdt 6:15; 8:10; 10:6; ruler of Bethulia) 234

Charpentier, Marc-Antoine 388–89

chastity 14, 16, 47, 108–109, 154, 155, 157, 159, 163, 164–65, 166, 172–73, 181, 183, 220, 310, 312, 386n4

cheese 35–36, 97, 98, 99

Chicago, Judy
The Dinner Party 4

Christine of Lorraine 374

Chromatius 43n3

Chrysostom, John 50

Cianchi, Emilio 404n8, 418

Ci baigne Judi 198

Cicero, Marcus Tullius 229, 312, 313

Ci prie Judit dieu quele puist enginier 199

city gates 84–86, 101, 102

Clément, Jacques 231

Clement of Rome 14, 27, 50, 178, 327

Cleopatra 76, 77, 235

clothing, women’s 216, 219, 220, 222, 325–43

de Coignard, Gabrielle
Imitation de la victoire de Judich 17, 61, 214, 215, 220–225

de Coligny, Gaspard 231

comedies 234, 372, 379n16, 380–81, 450

Comestor, Peter
Historia Scholastica 50, 50n13, 51, 53
Commedia di Judit 372

commedia dell’arte songs 372

concubines 101–102

conopeum. See canopies

Conrad of Hirsau 275

Constantine the Great 316n23

Conversions
Achior’s 11, 24, 27
early references 11

Corday, Charlotte 413, 414n10

Correggio, Antonio Allegri da 367

Cosimo I de’ Medici 324

Coton, Pierre 230

Council of Trent 44n4, 350

Crabeth, Dirck Pietersz 346n4

Cranach, Lucas, the Elder 55, 61

Cromwell, Oliver 261n4

crucifixion 7, 289, 290

cunning 17, 24, 26
Judith’s 239–58

Cyrus the Great 173

Dante, Alighieri 300, 318
Paradiso 52, 367

David 15, 18, 25, 58, 78n17, 92, 93, 100, 102, 104, 106, 109, 185, 243, 293, 313, 320, 340, 356, 366

Dead Sea scrolls 28

decapitation. See beheading; Holofernes

Deborah 9, 25n4, 101, 106, 158, 286, 418

deceit 56, 91, 239, 239n1

Deianira 264

Delair, Paul 435

Delilah 59, 93, 94–95, 101, 264

de Deransart, Edouard 435, 450

Deschamps, Eustache 197, 200

desire 439–51

devil 53, 174, 265, 362, 363

Diana 19

Dietenberger, Johann 133

Dina. See Dinah

Dinah 88, 104, 163

Domenichino 19, 366, 367

Donatello 18, 55–58, 291, 294, 302, 304, 305, 308, 310, 316, 320, 325, 326, 328, 329, 331, 332, 334, 336
David 293, 306, 307, 309, 310, 311

Dorot Jewish Division 3

drunkenness 80, 103, 180, 182, 220, 236, 263, 279, 406

Dubarle, André-Marie 130

Dufour, Antoine 197

Eastern Orthodox Christianity 41n2

Eglon 25, 92

Egypt 26, 187

Ehod 233

Ehud 25, 92, 92n23, 93, 230

Eliachim/Eliakim/Joachim 248, 249, 253, 360

Elijah 378, 380

Elizabeth I 228, 238

Erasmus 201, 201n9, 213n1

Esther 9, 15, 30n24, 54, 59, 102, 106, 262, 360, 366
parallels with Judith 25, 28, 30–31, 91–92, 93, 101
and Purim 97

eunuch 76, 405. See also Bagoas

Eusebius of Caesarea 50

Eustochium 43n3, 363, 365

Eve 59, 109, 157, 252, 263, 285, 288, 343, 362, 364

Ezekiel 107

farce 407–409

feasts 107
See also banquets; Hanukkah

Felix of Nola 157, 158

Fell, Margaret
Womens Speaking Justified 17, 259–70

Fell, Thomas 261, 261n4

feminists 28, 59, 82–83, 261, 265
See also Fell, Margaret; Quakers

femmes fatales 17, 20, 76, 264, 423–24

festivals. See specific festivals

Florence 15, 18, 291–324, 332, 367, 373–77, 418

Fontainebleu, School of 57

food 15, 34, 98–101, 107, 248. See also bread; cheese; honey; kosher; meat; milk; pancakes; wine

Fortitude 314

Fox, George 261, 261n4, 262

François de Lorraine II 227, 228, 231

Frauenlob, Heinrich von Meissen 240, 243, 244, 245

free will 16, 153–68

Freud, Sigmund 7–8, 60, 64, 71

Froschauer, Christoph 131, 146n29, 147n30

Fulgosio, Raffaele 316n20

Gabriel 362, 363, 365

Gabrielli, Francesco 373

da Gagliano, Marco 19, 63, 374, 375–76

Garibaldi, Giuseppe 405, 424n40

gates. See city gates

gender roles 77–80, 171–72, 268–69

Gentileschi, Artemisia 4, 18, 19, 55, 57, 60, 62, 325, 334, 338–43, 339, 341, 345

Gentileschi, Orazio 18, 55, 338–43

Ghiberti, Lorenzo 293, 294, 295

Ghirlandaio, Domenico 293

Giacometti, Paolo 404n8, 413, 421

Gianchi, Emilio 405

Gilles, Gustave 434

Gillet 433, 443

Gioberti, Vincenzo 419

Giorgione 55, 316n20

Giuditta. See Judith

”Glossa ordinaria” 49, 50, 52

Gluck, Christoph Willibald 396, 434

Goliath 25, 92, 100, 106, 185, 293, 340

Goodman, Christopher 230

Goulart, Simon 227, 229, 234–35, 237

Graham, Martha 325

Greff, Joachim
Tragoedia Judith 46

Guerra, Giovanni 19, 345, 346, 347–38, 349, 351, 357, 359, 360

Guglielmi, Petro 404

Habakkuk 378, 381, 382

Hagar 93–94

halacha (Jewish law) 27, 36

Handel, George Frideric 442

Hannah 87, 88–89, 90

Hans Holbein the Younger 131, 132

Hanukkah 3, 30, 31n27, 35–39, 85, 87–88, 97, 98, 107

Hasmonean period 3n1, 26–27, 33, 87, 90, 98

Hayez, Francesco 406

Hebbel, Christian Friedrich
Judith 19, 20, 60, 71, 412, 454, 461, 465

Hebraisms 133–35, 137–45

van Heemskerck, Maerten 346n4

Heliodorus 43n3

Hellenistic era 7, 10, 11

Henrietta Maria 261n4

Henri III 58, 231

Henri IV 58, 227, 230

Hercules 262, 264

Hermes 332

Herod 262

heros/heroines 8, 9, 16, 17, 24, 26, 170, 292, 316n23, 397–403

Herrad
Hortus deliciarum 55, 63

Hiliachim 201

Hillemacher, Paul 435
Judith 4 36, 444

Holofernes/Olophernes (Jdt 2–16; Nebuchadnezzar’s general) 3, 6–9, 23–24, 26, 44, 52, 59, 81n3, 99, 158, 168, 173, 181, 185, 189, 216, 223, 234, 235, 243, 249, 253, 256, 260n2, 264, 323, 356, 365, 387n7, 387n8, 389, 390, 394, 416, 425, 427
beheading 7–9, 14, 24, 54, 56, 78–79, 85, 100, 159, 183, 217, 236, 248, 279
depicted under canopy 77
drunkenness 80, 103, 180, 182, 220, 236, 263, 279, 406
songs about 246
sword 78
tent 100, 223, 237
as weak and womanlike 77–79

Homelie against Rebellion 231

Homer 233

honey 97, 98–99, 107, 111, 125

Horace 76, 77

Hrabanus Maurus 171

Hudson, Thomas 228, 229, 230, 237

Humilitas 18, 48, 275–290, 282–284

humility 251, 276, 279–281, 288–90, 310, 312
See also Humilitas

Ilan, Tal 12–13
Integrating Women into Second Temple History 12

illuminated manuscripts 288–90

Isaac 190, 266, 267, 283

Isaiah 10, 106

Isidore of Seville 378

Islam 349, 374

Israel 47, 73, 78, 87, 106

Italian unification. See the Risorgimento

Iudith Hebrea 322, 322

Jacob 104

Jael 9, 25, 59, 100, 105, 230, 233, 275–90

James VI 228, 230, 232, 238

Jeanne of Navarre. See d’Albret, Jeanne

Jerome 14, 16, 29, 33, 41, 49n12, 54, 57, 60, 65, 108, 155, 156, 157, 161, 165, 166, 174–75, 181, 328, 358
angel of, 360–62
canonicity and conflicting literary status of Judith 44, 44n4
Christian tradition 42, 43–48
Praefatio Hieronymi in Librum 43

Jerusalem 24, 73, 81, 101

Jesuit/Jesuits 60, 230–32, 352, 366

Jesus 7, 10, 278n7, 286

jewelry 50, 88, 139, 325–43
bracelets 182, 195, 219, 331, 338, 339, 342
earrings 219, 338, 342

Jewish tales. See midrashim

Jewish textual traditions 6, 15–16, 23–29, 30–39, 71–95, 97–125, 127–50

Joab 454, 463–64

Joachim. See Eliachim

Joan of Arc 407, 435

Job 54
See also Joab

John of Salisbury 7, 311

John the Baptist 278n7, 286, 293, 402

John the Evangelist 278n7, 286

John V 393

Jonah 378, 380

Joseph 103

Joseph and Aseneth 10

Josephus, Flavius
Antiquitates 11, 28, 50

Joshua 102, 158, 200–201, 320

Jud, Leo 131, 133, 137, 146n29

Judah the Maccabee 26, 30, 87, 88, 90–91, 105

Judith/Judit/Ivdit/Juditha/Giuditta
as ambiguous figure 170
as God’s instrument 181–82
as heroine 292, 397–403
Judith’s maid. See Abra
as mulier sancta (holy woman) 44–45, 48–50, 53, 265–69
as national symbol/political figure 291–92, 300–304, 397–98
parallels with
Ehud 25, 92, 92n23, 93, 230
David 15, 18, 58, 92, 93, 100, 102, 104, 106, 109, 185, 243, 293, 313, 320, 340, 356, 366
Deborah 9, 25n4, 101, 106, 158, 286, 418
Delilah 59, 93, 94–95, 101, 264
Gideon 25n4
Jael 9, 25, 59, 100, 105, 230, 233, 275–90
Ruth 9, 12, 30n24, 92, 93, 103, 106
Tamar 93, 99, 101, 103–104, 105, 279
See also Biblical Index
as preacher 17
as seducer/temptress 17, 20, 76, 264, 423–24
as type of the Church triumphant 366–67
as type of Mary 358–60
virtues and vices associated with her
chastity 172–73
humility 279–81
luxury 77, 103, 113, 303, 311, 323, 343
sensuality 56, 63, 329, 401, 402, 409
temperance 9, 46, 58, 181, 314
temptation 104, 167, 252
as queen 125, 246
voice 16, 197–200, 224
as warrior 19, 24, 328–32, 333–38
as widow 8, 9, 14, 16, 23, 24, 44–45, 51, 53, 170, 284–86, 293, 328–32
See also Index of Citations for the Book of Judith

Judith (queen of France) 46, 171

Judith Studies 4–5, 6, 13–21, 41–65

Judith und Holofernes (Anonymous) 20, 455

Junilius 50

Justice 314, 316n20

Juvencus 48

Klimt, Gustav 60, 407–409

Knox, John 230

Kol Bo 35

kosher food 24, 141

Kossuth, Joseph 4

Kyros 288

Lamphetus 279

Latin fathers. See patristics

Latini, Brunetto 313, 314, 314n14, 318

laws 35
halacha or Jewish 27, 36
honey as metaphor for sweetness of God’s 98–99
Mosaic 3, 106, 164, 165, 189
See also Kol Bo

Lefebvre, Charles
Judith 437, 438, 441

Letter of Aristeas 11

Levi 88, 104

Levi, Samuele 405

Libido (Lust) 153, 154, 159, 164–65, 168, 183, 310, 349, 357

libretti 19–20, 63n36, 394, 434, 437, 445, 448
Almeida’s 393n20, 394
Cassetti’s 391
Delair’s 435
Marcello’s 412, 413, 418
Metastasio’s 20, 395, 399, 404
Opitz’s 63n36
Ottoboni’s 389
Salvadori’s 374, 376
Solero’s 408

Licentiousness. See Libido (Lust)

Lincoln, Abraham 407

Lipsius, Justus 229, 232

Lomazzo, Gianpaolo 318

Lorenzetti, Ambrogio
Allegory of the Good Government 314, 315, 316

Lot 102–103

Louis the Pious 171, 312

Lucan 235

Lucretia 316n23

Luke 157, 362, 366

Lully, Jean-Baptiste 434

Lust. See Libido (Lust)

Luther, Martin 46, 130, 131, 350, 453
See also Index of Biblical Citations, s.v. Luther-Bible

luxury 103

Machiavelli, Niccolò 300

ben Machir of Ratisbon, Menachem 34
Ein Moshai veGoel (there is no savior and redeemer) 34

Maganimity 314

Magdalena, Maria (archduchess of Austria) 373, 375, 380

maids. See Abra

Manfred 313

Mangini, Giorgio 404

Manin, Danin 405

Mantegna, Andrea 19, 55, 294, 299, 325, 333, 334

Manzoni, Alessandro 420

Marat, Jean-Paul 414n10

Marc Antony 76

Marcello, Marco 20, 405, 411–30

Mariana, Juan 231

Marpesia 279

marriage 157, 161, 175
chests. See cassoni

Mars Ultor 342

Martha 262

Martin, Gregory
A Treatise of Schisme 228

Martini, Simone
Maestà 316

The Martyrdom of Savonarola 321

(Virgin) Mary 14, 34, 36, 45, 53, 60, 157, 163, 240, 278n7, 283, 286–88, 328, 362
churches 55
Elizabeth (Mary’s cousin) 366, 367
and Humility 288–90
and Judith 3n2, 10, 13, 14, 56, 108, 288–90, 358–60
Purification of 323
theology 14, 56
typology and anti-heretical discourse 355–58

Mary (queen of Scots) 228

Mary Magdalene 343

masculinity 77–80, 88–90, 155
Judith’s 92, 220

Massenet, Jules 443

Master of Marradi
Judith and Holofernes 298

Matthew, pairing of Judith with 155–56

Maurus, Hrabanus 46, 49–50, 52, 107, 108, 312–313

meat 141, 255
the Medes

and Arphaxad 23, 24

Medicis 18, 301, 302–304, 304n26, 305

Medusa 324, 331, 340, 342

Medvedev, P. N. 21

Megillat Antiochus 98

Megillat Esther 30–31, 100

Megillat Yehudit 15, 31, 38, 39, 97–125

Meistersinger 52, 239, 246

Meldonado, Moses 36

menstrual cycles 87

Merici, Angela 61

Metastasio 63, 395–96, 399–403

Michelangelo 19, 55, 56, 329, 332, 334, 335, 336, 342, 346n5
David, 293, 301, 304, 310, 311, 318n27, 325, 330, 342
Judith with the Head of Holofernes, 334
Libyan Sibyl 336, 337

Michetti, Francesco Paolo 406

midrashim (Jewish tales) 13, 15, 33n35, 35, 36
Hanukkah 87–88
Judith 31–34
medieval Hebrew Judith texts 37–39
non-Vulgate versions 34
Vulgate versions 32–33

milk 36, 97, 100, 105

Milton, John
The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates 229–30

Miriam 9, 106

Mishna 12, 29, 75n9, 140

misogyny 261–65, 452
Mistère du Viel Testament 16, 17, 201, 205–11

Molinet, Jean

Mystère de Judith et Holofernés 197, 214–17, 223, 225

de Montaigne, Michel 232

Morosini, Francesco 400

Moses 9, 11, 106, 135, 141, 201, 202, 266, 267, 278, 320, 434, 439, 463
pairing of Jesus with, 10

”mosquito net” 74–76, 74n5
See also canopy

Moule, H.F. 131

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus 20, 63, 395, 399–403

mulier sancta (holy woman) 44–45, 48–50, 53, 265–69

Müller, Christian the Younger 246, 258

Munda, Constantia
The Worming of a Mad Dog 268

Mystères de la procession de Lille 16, 52, 202–205, 210

mystery plays 197–211

Nabuchodonosor/Nabochodonosor/Nabucco. See Nebuchadnezzar

Napoleon Bonaparte 454

Nebbia, Cesare 19, 346, 347–48, 351, 357

Nebuchadnezzar/NebucadNezer/Nabuchodonosor (Jdt 1–16; king of the Assyrians) 23, 24, 26, 50, 71–72, 73, 80, 81, 93n25, 149, 173, 187, 231, 234, 248, 249, 253, 263, 310, 320, 465

Nestroy, Johann: Judith und Holofernes 20, 454, 461–64

net. See ”mosquito net”

Nicanor 8, 26

Niccolò Fiorentino 319

Nicene Council 43

Nicholas of Lyra 49, 50

Noah 316n23

Nowell Codex 169n1, 171

nuns 19, 175, 378

Octavian 76

Oloferne/Olofernes/Olophernes. See Holofernes

”On the Miracles” (prayer) 30

operas 20, 398
Baroque 396
choral scenes 404–405
first Judith 19
See also specific operas under name of composer

Opitz, Martin 63n36

oratorios 19–20, 385–96

Origen 28, 29, 50

Ottoboni, Antonio 390

Ottoboni, Pietro 389

Ozias/Osias/Uzziah (Jdt 6–10; 14–16, Elder of Bethulia) 23, 83, 85, 162, 174, 189, 190, 193, 201, 217, 323, 362, 363, 365

Palestine 7, 10, 25

pancakes 98, 99, 100, 104, 122, 123

de Parthenay, Catherine
Judith et Holoferne 227

patristics 7, 45, 48–55, 156–60, 264

Paula 43n3

Paulinus of Nola 53, 54, 155, 156–60, 165
Natalicia 157–58

Pavia, battle of 246, 247, 253

Peace 314

Pentateuch 7, 135, 142

Peregrinus 276, 277–78
See also Speculum Virginum

Peri, Achille 20, 405, 411–30

Perpetua, 279, 280

Perseus 331, 332

personification 103, 251, 252, 281–82, 314, 316n20
See also Judith, virtues and vices

Peruzzini, Giovanni 404n8, 405, 418

Peter 201n9, 351

pharaohs 102, 103, 434

Philistines 92, 94, 270, 293, 442, 448
See also Goliath

Philo 28

piety 312

Pirkei Avos 12

piyuttim (liturgical poems) for Hanukkah 13
Ein Moshia veGoel 34, 35
Odecha ki anafta bi 34, 35

de Pizan, Christine 59, 197, 213n1

piyyut (prayers) 13

Plato 166

Ploti, Giovanni Andrea
Giuditta 373, 375

poetry 17, 39
epic 233–37
Hebrew 34
Judith 194–96
liturgical 34–35, 85, 97n5, 127n3
See also specific poems

politics 228, 237–38, 432–34
Florentine 291–92, 300–305
and Judith narrative 413–18

Pollaiuolo, Antonio del 294, 297
Judith 297

Poltrot de Méré, Jean 227, 231

Pompey 235

Popes
Alexander VI Borgia 319
Alexander VIII 389
Clement VIII 382
Julius II 346n5
Paul V 362
Pius IX 407, 419
Sixtus V 19, 231, 345, 346, 346n5, 349, 350, 351, 352, 357, 358, 364
Urban VIII 55, 374

Potiphar, wife of 103

Pougin, Arthur 451–52

power 44–45, 78n16

prayer 8–9, 12, 24, 30, 36, 83, 85, 178–79, 200–202
Judith’s (Jdt 9). See Index of Citations for the Book of Judith
See also piyyutim

Pride 280–81, 310, 311, 329, 349
See also under Holofernes

prints 288–90

Propertius 76, 77

prophecy 377–79

prostitutes 102, 105

Protestants 14, 42, 46, 56, 260n2
bible translators 49n12
French. See Huguenots

Prudence 314, 314n14, 316n20

Prudentius 14, 16, 48, 153, 155–60, 168, 174, 180–81, 277, 357
Psychomachia [The Battle within the Soul] 14, 18, 48, 153, 160–66, 168, 174, 180–81, 277, 282–84

Prunetti, Michelangelo 404n8

Pseudo Callisthenes
Alexander Romance 11

Ptolemy I I7

Pudicitia. See chastity

purification 87, 159
Confraternity of the Purification 323
See also (Virgin) Mary

Purim 30, 35, 97

purity 159
See also chastity

Quadriga 278, 286–88, 287

Quakers 16, 17, 62, 259–70

queens. See specific queens

Rabanus Maurus of Fulda. See Hrabanus Maurus

rabbis 27, 28, 30, 37, 98, 100, 139
See also specific rabbis

Radetzky, Joseph 414–15

Rahab 93n24, 102, 106

Ramban 30n24

rape 8–9, 88, 89, 100
Angelica’s 236
concubine and gang 101
Dinah’s 104, 163, 203
and power 78n16
Tamar’s 93, 99, 101

Rashbam 35, 97

Rashi 34–35, 36

Ravaillac, François 230

Ravazzini, Emiliano 404n8

Ravell, John 265, 265n16

redemption 106–109

the Reformation 14, 15, 16, 45, 46, 55–56, 127, 145, 246, 260, 345–68

regents
female 19, 373, 376, 377, 380

Regnault, Henri 442

Renan, Ernest 442

ben Reuben, Nissim 35, 36, 97

Reuss, Edouard 432–33

Reyer, Ernest 435

Righi, Telesforo 406

ringhiera (elevated platform) 18

the Risorgimento (Italian unification) 20

de Ronsard, Pierre
Franciade 236

Rosati, Giulio 406

de’ Rossi, Azariah 31n27

Rossi, Giovanni 404n8

Rubens, Peter Paul 55, 61

Ruggiero 236

Ruth 9, 12, 30n24, 92, 93, 103, 106

Sabbath 24

von Sacher-Masoch, Leopold 60

sacra rappresentazione (Italian drama/holy performance) 19, 304, 323

Saint-Saëns, Charles Camille
Samson et Dalila 435, 442, 449

Salieri, Antonio 402

Salomé 343, 409

Salvadori, Andrea
La Giuditta 19, 63, 375, 383

Samson 59, 94, 101, 243, 262, 264, 439

Samuel 185, 320

Saraceni, Carlo 61

Sarah/Sarai 93, 94, 102

Satan. See devil

Savonarola, Girolamo 18, 58, 300, 301, 318–24, 319, 321

Scarisbrick, Diana 338, 340n23, 342

Scarlatti, Alessandro 63, 389–91, 394

Schonaeus, Cornelius 234

von der Schulenburg, Johann Matthias 400

Scota[o], Laura Cecilia 373

scroll/scrolls 10
Dead Sea 28
of Esther. See Megillat Esther
of Judith. See Megillat Yehudit
of Shoshan 30n24

Second Temple period 12–13

Semiramis of Babylon 237, 279

Seneca 229, 313, 314

Serarius, Nicholas 352, 355, 356, 357, 366

sermons/homilies 170n2, 171, 187–93

serpent of Eden. See devil

sexual agency 166–67

sexual allusions 102–109
See also Megillat Yehudit

sexuality 47, 60–61, 77–79, 78n16, 101, 102, 106, 108, 216, 219, 386n4

sexual violation 8–9, 60n30
See also rape

Shalom bar Abraham 15, 36

Book of Judith 15, 36, 127–50

Shavuot 99

Sheba, Queen of 55

Shechem 104

Shelamzion 12–13

Sidoli, Giuditta 407

silence 214, 268
See also voice

Simeon 88, 104, 163, 207, 208, 209

Sisera 25, 100, 105, 281

Sobieski, Ian 3n2

Solera, Temistocle 408

Solomon 104, 105, 106, 187, 243, 244, 245, 313, 317, 318, 366, 393n19

ben Solomon of Carcassonne, Joseph 34, 85

songs 246, 250
commedia dell’arte 372
See also broadsheets

Sowerman, Esther
Esther Hath Hanged Haman 268

space 18, 73–74, 291–306, 386

Spada, Leonello
Judith Beheading Holofernes 360, 361

Spain 41n2, 235, 352, 374

Speculum Humanae Salvationis 52, 55, 108, 277, 288

Speculum Virginum (Mirror of Virgins) 18, 48, 55, 108, 251, 275–90

Speght, Rachel
A Mouzell for Melastomus 268

Sprüche. See songs

stanzas. See songs
Frauenlob 244
Meistersinger 52, 239, 246

Superbia. See Pride

”Superbia is conquered by Humilitas” 289

Surratt, John 407

Susanna 7, 9, 30n24, 127, 129

Swetnam, Joseph 262–63

swords 3n3, 9, 78, 78n17, 89, 92n23, 159, 166, 219, 316n20, 330

Sylvester, Joshua 238

Syria 137, 187

Talmud 29, 30, 34, 105

Tamar 93, 99, 101, 103–104, 105, 279

Tasso, Torquato 387

Tavani Arquati, Giuditta 407

Teutonic knights 52

Thamar. See Tamar

Theatre
French mystery plays 197–211
German popular 20
puppet 411n2
See also drama; opera; oratorio; sacra rappresentazione

Theodora 275, 277–78 , 279, 281, 286, 288n11
See also Speculum Virginum

timbrels 106n21, 123, 149

Titian 316n20

Tobias 54

Tommaseo, Niccolò 420, 421

Tomyris 57

Tornabuoni, Lucrezia 304n26, 385

Tortoletti, Bartolomeo
Ivditha Vindex et Vindicata 353, 355, 356, 367

Toscanella, Orazio 236

translations 7, 46, 49, 51, 128, 228, 237–38, 432–34

translators 7, 43n3
anonymous 46, 130
Hudson 228, 229, 230, 237
Meldonado 36
notes on Megillat Yehudit 110–11
Protestant bible 49n12
See also Jerome

Turina, Giuditta 407

Turks/Ottoman Turks 53n18, 63, 399-400

Twombly, Cy 4

tyrants 18, 260n2, 279, 313
beheading 8
murder as remedy for 229, 231, 232, 233, 302, 302n32
treatise against 228–33
tyrannicide 227–38, 311

Uzziah. See Ozias

Vagao/Vagaus. See Bagoas

della Valle, Federico
Iudit 60, 332, 385, 387, 395

Vanni, Giovanni Battista
Judith 375

Varro, Marcus Terentius 77

Vasari, Giorgio 19, 325, 329
Judith and Holofernes 336
Lives of the Artists 334

Vashti 101

Venus 252

Verdi, Giuseppe 398n43, 405, 408, 416n17, 420n25

Aida 403

Vermigli, Pietro Martire
Commonplaces 231

Vernet, Horace 411n2

Veronge de la Nux, Paul
Judith 435, 437, 445, 446–47

del Verrocchio, Andrea 293, 304

Vicar, John 260n2

vices 310, 357
See also specific vices

Victor-Emmanuel II 413, 424n40

Vigoureux, Fulcran 433

Vikings 53, 171, 172, 172n8, 184

Virgil 233, 237, 243

Virgin Mary. See Mary

virgins/virginity 156n9, 157, 264, 277, 278n7
See also Speculum Virginum

virtues 312, 314
charity 276
humility 251, 276, 278n7, 279–81
See also specific virtues

Vittorelli, Andrea 357, 362

Vivaldi, Antonio 63, 371, 391–393, 392n19, 395, 399–403

von der Vogelweide, Walther 240

voice
desire, charm 439–51
power of women’s speech 225
See also preaching; sermon; songs

Voltaire 439

Vorau manuscript 52

Warriors
female/women 19, 24, 328–32, 333–38
Holofernes as
male/men
See also the Amazons

water 23, 87, 119, 188, 411, 412, 457, 458

wedding/s 88, 89

Weiberlist (cunning women) 239, 252

Weissbach, Karl 423

widows 156n9, 161, 162, 166, 213–14, 213n1, 220, 261n4
consecrated 144
French 215–16

wife/wives 156n9, 157, 164

Wilde, Oscar 409

Wilpert, Josef 328

Winchester Bible 18, 55, 184–86

wine 100

Wir sind Helden (band) 65

women 16, 17, 19, 43n3, 127, 216, 262–64, 268–69
biblical 12–13
code of silence/invisibility 214, 214n5, 268
cunning 17, 24, 26, 243–45
female agency 154–56, 160–63, 166–67
as femme fatales 17, 20, 76, 264, 423–24
as gate of death 265–69
Judith as ”Good Bad” 170
Lot’s daughters 102–103
menstrual cycles 87
mulier sancta (holy woman) 45, 48, 53
in need of protection 93–94, 93n24
power of speech and voice 225
powerful 76, 77
preaching 265–69
and public sphere 422n33
Quaker 62, 261n4
Renaissance 214
riots and protesting 291
as sexual beings 108–109
solidarity depicted in paintings 62–63
status in ancient world 21
three statuses of Roman 156n9, 278n7
three types 156n9, 284–86, 285, 287n7
See also the Amazons; Fell, Margaret; Quakers; specific women

world history 50–51

Xenophon
Cyropaedia 11

Yiddish 5, 36, 42, 98, 130, 133–35, 137–45, 146–50

Yochanan 35

Zwingli, Huldrych 15, 131