1 [Jacques Barrelier, see Volume 2, Lesson 19, note 16.]

2 [Plantae per Galliam, Hispaniam et Italiam observatae, iconibus aeneis exhibitae. Paris: Stephanum Ganeau, 1714, [2] + [12] + 8 + 140 + [2] + xxvi p., [334] leaves of pls, illus., in-folio. For Antoine de Jussieu, see Volume 3, Lesson 10, note 30.]

3 [Histoire des plantes qui naissent aux environs de Paris, avec leur usage dans la médecine. Paris: De l’Imprimerie Royale, Jean Anisson, 1698, [56] + 543 + [19] p. For Joseph Pitton de Tournefort, see Volume 2, Lesson 13, note 31.]

4 [Histoire des plantes qui naissent aux environs de Paris, avec leur usage dans la médecine. Seconde édition, revue & augmentée par M. Bernard de Jussieu. Paris: Jean-Baptiste Musier, 1725, 2 tomes, [116] + 407 + [1 bl.-14] p.; [4] + 528 + [18] p.), in-duodecimo. For Bernard de Jussieu, see Volume 3, Lesson 10, note 30.]

5 [Botanicon Parisiense; ou, Denombrement par ordre alphabetique des plantes, qui se trouvent aux environs de Paris, avec plusieurs descriptions des plantes, leurs synonymes, le tems de fleurir & de grainer et une critique des auteurs de botanique par feu Monsieur Sebastien Vaillant. Leiden: Jean & Herman Verbeek; Amsterdam: Balthazar Lakeman, 1727, [29] + xii + map + 206 + [10] p., 33 pls. For Sébastien Vaillant, see Volume 2, Lesson 18, note 31.]

6 [Claude Aubriet, see Volume 2, Lesson 18, note 89.]

7 [Herman Boerhaave, see Volume 2, Lesson 1, note 78.]

8 [William Sherard, see Volume 3, Lesson 18, note 14.]

9 [British botanist William Sherard (1659-1728) apparently played an important role in helping Vaillant seek publication of his flora of Paris outside of France in the Netherlands, thanks to the incredible financial and intellectual support of Boerhaave. Sherard was well acquainted with the politics of botany in France, having spent a great deal of time at the Jardin du roi, attending lectures by Tournefort. If anything, Sherard recognized the significance of Vaillant’s work on the flora of Paris, since it really was the first modern flora in history, utilizing Vaillant’s new discoveries on plant anatomy. For more on Vaillant and the flora of Paris, see Valauskas 2012.]

10 [Mathieu Fabregou (fl. 1730-1740), author of Description des plantes qui naissent ou se renouvellent aux environs de Paris: avec leurs usages dans la médecine & dans les arts, le commencement & le progres de cette science, & l’histoire des auteurs dont il est parlé dans l’ouvrage. Paris: Gissey, 1734-1740, 6 vols: vol. 1, 1734, xxiv + [2] + 354 + [3] p.; vol. 2, 1736, [1] + 358 + [2] p.; vol. 3, 1737, [1] + 248 p.; vol. 4, 1738, [1] + 312 p.; vol. 5, 1739, [1] + 304 p.; vol. 6, 1740, [1] + 471 + [2] p.]

11 [Thomas François Dalibard (born 1709, Crannes-en-Champagne; died 1778), a French naturalist but probably better known as a physicist who, at the suggestion of Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, translated Benjamin Franklin’s Experiments and Observations on Electricity into French, and performed Franklin’s proposed experiment using a 40-foot-tall metal rod at Marly-la-Ville on 10 May 1752. It is said that Dalibard used wine bottles to ground the pole, and he successfully extracted electricity from a low cloud. He is also author of Florae parisiensis prodromus, ou, Catalogue des plantes qui naissent dans les environs de Paris, rapportées sous les dénominations modernes & anciennes, & arrangées suivant la méthode sexuelle de M. Linnaeus; avec l’explication en françois de tous les termes de la nouvelle nomenclature. Paris: Durand & Pissot, 1749, [20] + liv + [16] + 404 + [26] p.]

12 [John Jerome Zannichelli is Giovanni Gerolamo (Gian Girolamo, also Joannis Hieronymi) Zannichelli or Zanichelli (born 1662, Spilambergo, near Modena; died 11 January 1729, Venice), a celebrated Italian physician and natural philosopher who studied fossils and shells and published several treatises on a variety of subjects. While occupied as a pharmacist and physician in Venice, Zannichelli took a keen interest in natural history, especially botany, and made significant collections of plants on trips to Istria in 1722 and 1725.]

13 [Zannichello’s son, Giovanni Giacomo (Gian Giacomo) Zannichelli (born 1695, died 1759), published several of his father’s works including Opuscula botanica postuma a Johanne Jacobo filio in lucem edita (Venice: Dominici Lovisa, 1730, [14] + 87 p.) and Istoria delle piante che nascono ne’lidi intorno a Venezia opera postuma (Venice: Antonio Bortoli, 1735, [40] + 290 p., 177 pls). The latter contains hand-colored illustrations of about 500 species, arranged alphabetically, some of which were new at the time, and almost all accompanied by precise indications of the places of discovery, the nature of the habitat (arenas, salt marshes, swamps, etc.), the name of other plants with which each is associated, medicinal properties, and food resources.]

14 [Jean-François Séguier (born 25 November 1703, Nîmes; died 1 September 1784, Nîmes), a French archaeologist, epigraphist, astronomer, and botanist who studied law in Montpellier, during which time, he developed a passion for botany. He was a friend and collaborator of Scipio Maffei (see note 16, below), with whom he took an extended scientific tour throughout Europe (1732–1736). In 1755 he became a member of the Académie de Nîmes, serving as its secrétaire perpétuel from 1765 to 1784. In 1772 he became a member of the Académie Royale des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres. Among his published works is a detailed description of the flora in the vicinity of Verona; see note 17, below.]

15 [The enigma of the Maison Carrée: Séguier devoted himself to the study of the monuments of the old Nemausus, his hometown, notably at the Maison Carrée. This ancient Roman temple, built at the turn of the Christian era, between 5 B.C. and 5 A.D. by Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (born 63 B.C., Italy; died 12 B.C., Campania, Italy), the son-in-law of Emperor Augustus, bore an inscription in bronze letters, a dedication explaining his role. However, these letters had subsequently disappeared even though the holes in the stone were still visible. It is thanks to the arrangement of these holes that Séguier in 1758 was able to decipher the original text: “To Caius Consul and Lucius appointed Consul, son of Augustus, Prince of the Youth.”]

16 [Francesco Scipione Maffei, the Marquis of Maffei (born 1 June 1675, Verona; died 11 February 1755, Verona), an Italian writer and art critic, author of many articles and plays. An antiquarian with a humanist education whose publications on Etruscan antiquities stand as classics of Etruscology. He engaged in running skirmishes in print with his rival in the field of antiquities, Antonio Francesco Gori (9 December 1691, Florence; 20 January 1757, Florence).]

17 [Plantae Veronenses, seu Stirpium quae in agro Veronensi reperiuntur methodica synopsis, accedit eiusdem bibliothecae botanicae supplementum. Verona: Typis Seminarii, 1745-1754, 3 vols: vol. 1, 1745, lxxi + 516 p.; vol. 2, 1745, 480 + 79 p.; vol. 3 [Typographia Antonii Andreonii], 1754, xv + 312 + [8] p.]

18 [Monte Bolca, near Verona, Italy, one of the earliest fossil sites with high-quality preservation known to Europeans, and still an important source of fossils from the Eocene. Monte Bolca was uplifted from the Tethys Ocean floor during the formation of the Alps, in two stages: one 24 million years ago, and one between 30 and 50 million years ago. The entire formation consists of 19 meters (62 feet) of limestone, all of which contain fossils, but interspersed are layers that contain highly preserved specimens. Within these layers, the fishes and other marine organisms are so well preserved that their organs are often completely preserved in fossil form, and even the skin color can sometimes be determined. The fossils at Monte Bolca have been known since at least the sixteenth century, and were studied intensively in the nineteenth century once it was definitively proven that fossils were the remnants of dead animals. Fossils from Monte Bolca are commonly available for sale by commercial fossil dealers, and due to their popularity and preservation regularly sell for several hundred dollars.]

19 [The identity of “Gazanella” is unknown. It is possible that it refers to “Gazola” (Giovanni Battista Gazola or Gazzola, a Veronese nobleman, born 1757, died 1834, whose collection of fossil fishes from Monte Bolca contained some 1200 specimens; see Gaudant 2011) but, as far as we know, the Gazola collection has nothing to do with that of Séguier (François Pugnière, personal communication, 25 January 2019; see also Pugnière 2019).

20 [José Quer y Martínez (born 1695, Perpignan, southern France; died 1764), a French-born Spanish doctor and botanist. He studied medicine and surgery in his hometown of Perpignan, with particular emphasis on botany. He later joined the army, during which time, as a military surgeon, he traveled extensively in Spain, France, Italy, and northern Africa, prepared herbarium specimens, and collected a large quantity of seeds and living plants. With these he established a botanical garden in 1755, which has evolved into today’s Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid.]

21 [Ferdinand VI (born 23 September 1713, Madrid; died 10 August 1759, Madrid), called the Learned (el Prudente) and the Just (el Justo), King of Spain from 9 July 1746 until his death in 1759, the third ruler of the Spanish Bourbon dynasty. He was the fourth son of the previous monarch Philip V and his first wife Maria Luisa of Savoy. He made sincere efforts to modernize his country, initiating a number of important reform projects.]

22 [Flora Española ó historia de las plantas que se crían en España. Madrid: Joachin Ibarra, 1762-1764, 4 vols: vol. 1, 1762, [44] + 402 + [2] p., xi pls; vol. 2, 1762, [16] + 303 p., xii-xliii pls; vol. 3, 1764, [12] + 436 p., lxxix pls; vol. 4, 1764, [4] + 471 p., lxvi pls. José Quer y Martínez published only four volumes before his death, but it was completed by one of his successors, Casimiro Gomez Ortega (born 4 March 1741, Añover de Tajo, Spain; died 30 August 1818, Madrid).

23 [Jean-André Peyssonnel, see Volume 3, Lesson 20, notes 45, 59, and 62.]

24 [Abraham Trembley, see Volume 2, Lesson 15, note 61.]

25 [Casimiro Gómez de Ortega (born 4 March 1741, Añover de Tajo, Spain; died 30 August 1818, Madrid), a Spanish physician and botanist, the First Professor of the Royal Botanical Garden of Madrid. Under Charles III of Spain Gómez de Ortega directed the formation of the Royal Botanical Garden as a place, in particular, to collect and study the new species of plants being identified by European explorers. Gómez de Ortega published extensively on plants, especially on the economic importance of plants collected during Spanish sponsored explorations of South America. His completion of José Quer y Martínez’s Spanish flora is titled Continuación de La flora española ó Historia de las plantas de España, que escribia don Joseph Quer… ordenada, suplida y publicada de órden del rey nuestro señor, y con encargo y direccion de su real protomedicato. Madrid: Joachin Ibarra, 1784, vol. 5: [4] + xxxii + 538 p., 9 pls; vol. 6, [4] + 667 p., 14 pls.]

26 [John Ray (see Volume 2, Lesson 3, note 94), author of Observations topographical, moral and physiological made in a journey through part of the Low-Countries, Germany, Italy, and France, with a catalogue of plants not native of England, found spontaneously growing in those parts, and their virtues; whereunto is added a brief account of Francis Willughy Esq., his voyage through a great part of Spain. London: John Martyn, 1673, two parts in one, xvi + 499 + [9] + 115 + [1] p.]

27 [Johann Jacob Dillenius, originally Dillen (born 1684, Darmstadt; died 2 April 1747, Oxford), a German botanist, educated at the University of Giessen. In 1721 he moved to England where in 1734 he was appointed Sherardian professor of botany at Oxford, in accordance with the will of botanist William Sherard (see Volume 3, Lesson 18, note 14), who at his death in 1728 left the university £3,000 for the endowment of the chair, as well as his library and herbarium, all on the condition that Dillenius be appointed the first professor. Dillenius’s manuscripts, books, numerous drawings, and collections of dried plants were bought by his successor at Oxford, Humphry Waldo Sibthorp (born 1713, died 1797), and ultimately passed into the possession of Oxford University. Dillenius died at Oxford, of apoplexy, in 1747.]

28 [Hortus Elthamensis, seu Plantarum rariorum, quas in horto suo Elthami in Cantio coluit vir ornatissimus et praestantissimus Jacobus Sherard… Guilielmi P.M. Frater, delineationes et descriptions quarum historia vel plane non, vel imperfect a rei herbariae scriptoribus (London: Sumptibus Auctoris, 1732, 2 vols in 1, viii + 1-206 + [2] + 207-437 + [1] p., 324 pls, in-folio), a catalogue of the rare plants growing at Eltham, London, in the collection of Sherard’s younger brother, James (1666-1738), who, after making a fortune as an apothecary, devoted himself to gardening and music. For this work Dillenius himself executed the 324 plates; it was described by Linnaeus, who spent a month with him at Oxford in 1736, and afterwards dedicated his Critica botanica (see Volume 2, Lesson 18, note 56) to him, as opus botanicum quo absolutius mundus non vidit, “a botanical work of which the world has not seen one more authoritative.” A second edition of Hortus Elthamensis, a reissue, without the original text, but with an index of Linnaean names, was published by Cornelium Haak, Leiden, in 1774.]

29 [John Hill, see Volume 3, Lesson 9, note 33, see also Pietsch & Aili 2023, pp. 289-301.]

30 [The British herbal, an history of plants and trees, natives Britain, cultivated for use, or raised for beauty. London: T. Osborne & J. Shipton, 1756, [2] + 533 + [3] p., 75 pls.]

31 [William Hudson (born 1730, Kendal, England; died 23 May 1793, London), a British botanist and apothecary, born at the White Lion Inn, Kendal, and educated at Kendal grammar school and apprenticed to a London apothecary. He was primarily interested in plants but he also paid attention to mollusks and insects. From 1757 to 1768 he was resident sub-librarian of the British Museum, in 1761 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society, and in 1791 he joined the newly established Linnean Society. In 1783 his house on Panton Street, London, caught fire, his collections of insects, many of his plants, and materials for a faunal work on English animals were destroyed, and the occupants narrowly escaped with their lives. He died in London from paralysis on 23 May 1793.]

32 [Flora anglica, exhibens plantas per Regnum Angliae sponte crescentes, distributas secundum systema sexuale: cum differentiis specierum, synonymis autorum, nominibus incolarum, solo locorum, tempore florendi, officinalibus pharmacopaeorum (London: J. Nourse & C. Moran, 1762, viii + [8] + 506 + [22] p.), which several contemporary critics described as “marking the establishment of Linnean principles of botany in England.” A considerably enlarged edition of the Flora published by J. Norse, London, appeared in 1778; and yet another by R. Faulder, Wm. Otridge, and others, London, in 1798.]

33 [Benjamin Stillingfleet (born 1702, Norfolk; died 1771), an English botanist, translator, and author, born in Wood Norton, Norfolk, and educated at Norwich School before obtaining a B.A. at Trinity College, Cambridge in 1723. He is perhaps best remembered for The Calendar of Flora, Swedish and English. Made in the year 1755 (1761), based on the observations of Theophrastus; it was an early formalization of the study of plant phenology and based on Linnaeus’s promotion of the idea of natural calendars. It was intended to show the progress of the seasons, as they are manifested by the times of the flowering of different plants, which in every species appear to be determined by some fixed law of nature.]

34 [Bishop of Worcester, the head of the Church of England Diocese of Worcester in the Province of Canterbury, England, a title can be traced back to the foundation of the diocese in the year 680. From then until the sixteenth century, the bishops were in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church. During the Reformation, the church in England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church, at first temporarily and later more permanently. Since the Reformation, the Bishop and Diocese of Worcester has been part of the Church of England and the Anglican Communion. The specific Bishop referred to here was James Johnson (born 1705, Melford, Suffolk; died 28 November 1774, Bath), an English prelate, successively Bishop of Gloucester (1752-1759) and of Worcester (1759-1774).]

35 [Amoenitates Academicae, the title of a multi-Volume zoological and botanical publication (published from 1749-1790) consisting of the dissertations of the students of Carl Linnaeus, written during 1743-1776. Seven of the ten volumes were published by Linnaeus himself, while the last three were edited by Johann Christian von Schreber (born 17 January 1739, Weissensee, Thuringia; died 10 December 1810, Erlangen), a German naturalist who published primarily on mammals and insects, appointed professor of materia medica at the University of Erlangen in 1769.]

36 [Miscellaneous tracts relating to natural history, husbandry, and physic. London: R. and J. Dodsley, S. Barker, and M. Cooper, 1759, xxx + [2] + 230 p.]

37 [Commelin, a Dutch family of French origin whose most prominent members were Jérôme, a printer, born in Douay, died in 1598, who embraced Protestantism, emigrated to Geneva, afterward officiated at Heidelberg as librarian of Frederic, elector palatine, and published there several valuable editions of the Greek and Latin fathers; Isaac, also a printer, born in 1598, died in 1676, who wrote various historical works; Jan, born in 1629, died in 1692, and Caspar, born in 1667, died in 1731, both of whom were eminent as botanists. For more on the Commelins, see Wijnands 1983.]

38 [Jan Commelin (born 23 April 1629, Amsterdam; died 19 January 1692, Amsterdam), a Dutch botanist, merchant, and druggist, the uncle of Caspar Commelin; as an expert in exotic plants, he was instrumental in the development of the Hortus Medicus (later Hortus Botanicus), then a new botanic garden in Amsterdam. He cultivated exotic plants on his farm near Haarlem and amassed a fortune by selling herbs and drugs to apothecaries and hospitals in Amsterdam and other Dutch cities.]

39 [Catalogus plantarum indigenarum Hollandiae, cui praemissa Lamb. Bidloo dissertatio, de re herbaria. Amsterdam: Henr. & Viduam Theod. Boom, 1683, 82 + [2] + 115 p.]

40 [Caspar Commelin was not the son of Jan Commelin but rather his nephew.]

41 [Caspar Commelin (born 14 October 1667, Amsterdam; died 25 December 1731, Amsterdam), a Dutch botanist, son of the bookseller, historian, and publisher, Casparus Commelijn (born 28 February 1636; died 15 May 1693) and his first wife, Margrieta Heydanus (born 1639, Rotterdam; died November 1669, Amsterdam). He enrolled on 12 September 1692 at Leiden as a student of medicine and graduated on 27 February 1694 with a dissertation entitled De lumbricis (“About earthworms,” Leiden, 1694). After graduation, he returned to Amsterdam where he was appointed to the post of botanist at the Hortus Botanicus. Caspar worked on books that were left uncompleted by the death of his uncle, Jan Commelin.]

42 [Horti medici Amstelaedamensis plantae rariores et exoticae ad vivum aeri incisae. Leiden: Frederic Haringh, 1706, [8] + 48 p., 48 full-page, engraved pls.]

43 [Athenaeum Illustre, or Amsterdamse Atheneum, was a city-sponsored “illustrous school” founded in the old Agnieten Chapel on the Oudezijds Voorburgwal 231 in Amsterdam. Although it is considered the predecessor to the University of Amsterdam, it was not possible to earn a degree there and it wasn’t lawfully recognized for diplomas until 1815. In 1877 that it was recognized for doctorates, and that was the same year the name was changed to Gemeentelijke Universiteit van Amsterdam. Professors were appointed by the city council and the mayor of Amsterdam was chairman of the board. This situation remained in place until 1961, when the financial responsibility for the school reverted to the national ministry of education.]

44 [David de Gorter (born 30 April 1717; died 8 April 1783), a Dutch physician and botanist, a professor at the University of Harderwijk and royal physician to Empress Elizabeth of Russia. He was a member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in St Petersburg, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, and other academies and learned societies. At Harderwijk, De Gorter made friends with the young Carl Linnaeus, who came there to obtain his doctorate degree. Later, Linnaeus honored him by naming the plant genus Gorteria.]

45 [Johannes de Gorter, see Volume 2, Lesson 16, note 76.]

46 [Flora Belgica exhibens plantas per Foederatum Belgium crescents. Utrecht: Apud Abrahamum à Paddenburg, 1767, xxx + 418 + [2] p.; one of the earliest floras to use binomial nomenclature.]

47 [Celsius, a family descended from the vicar of Ovanåker parish in Gävleborg County, Sweden, Nicolaus Magni Travillagaeus, later Alptaneus (1577-1658). His son, the mathematician and astronomer Magnus Celsius, took the name Celsius which was the Latinized form of his father’s vicarage and his childhood home. A branch of the family was ennobled 9 November 1756, with the name von Celse, Olof Celsius the Elder’s children. The von Celse branch of the family became extinct in 1838, with the death of Lieutenant-Colonel Olof von Celse.]

48 [Bernouilli, a patrician family of merchants and scholars, notable for having produced eight mathematically gifted academics who, between them, contributed to the foundations of applied mathematics and physics during the early modern period. Originally from Antwerp, Belgium, they moved to Basel and gained Swiss citizenship in 1620. The first known member of the family was Leon Bernoulli (died 1561), a doctor in Antwerp, at that time part of the Spanish Netherlands. His son, Jacob, emigrated to Frankfurt am Main in 1570 to escape from the Spanish persecution of the Protestants. Jacob’s grandson, a spice trader, also named Jacob, moved to Basel, Switzerland in 1620, and was granted Basel citizenship in 1622. His son, Niklaus, (Nicolaus, born 1623, died 1708), Leon’s great-great-grandson, married Margarethe Schönauer. Niklaus had four sons, of which Johann and Hieronymus became the progenitors of the “greater” and the “lesser” branch of the family, respectively.]

49 [Magnus Nicolai Celsius (born 16 January 1621, Alfta, Gävleborgs, Sweden; died 5 May 1679, Uppsala), a Swedish astronomer and mathematician, decipherer of the staveless runes (the climax of the simplification process in the evolution of runic alphabets). He was the father of Olof Celsius (see note 51, below), Nils Celsius, and Johan Celsius. His grandson was Anders Celsius (see note 58, below).]

50 [Disputatio physica de plantis, a Swedish flora, one of three dissertations defended by Magnus Celsius at Uppsala in 1647, which led to a doctoral degree granted in 1649; the other titles were De Aliquot theorematibus miscellaneis (1642) and De cerebro humano (1646).]

51 [Olof Celsius, the elder (born 19 July 1670 died 24 June 1756), a Swedish botanist, philologist, and clergyman, professor at Uppsala University, Sweden, and author of a book on plants mentioned in the Bible (see note 54, below); he was a mentor of the botanist Carl Linnaeus.]

52 [Samuel Bochart (born 30 May 1599, Rouen; died 16 May 1667, Caen), a French Protestant biblical scholar, best known for his two-Volume Geographia Sacra seu Phaleg et Canaan (Caen: Petri Cardonelli, 1646, 2 vols: vol. 1, [28] + pp. 1-360 + [28 p.]; vol. 2, [20] + pp. 361-864 + [94] p.), which exerted a profound influence on seventeenth-century Biblical interpretation.]

53 [Hierozoïcon, sive Bipartitum opus de animalibus S. Scripturae, cujus pars prior libris IV. De animalibus in genere, & de quadrapedibus viviparis & oviparis. pars posterior libris VI. De avibus, serpentibus, insectis, aquaticis, & fabulosis animalibus agit. Leiden: Cornelium Boutesteyn & Jordanum Luchtmans, 1692, [6] + 1094 + 91 p.]

54 [Hierobotanicon, sive de Plantis sacre scripturae, dissertations breves. Uppsala: Sumtu auctoris, 2 vols: vol. 1 (pars prima), 1745, xvi + 572 p.; vol. 2 (pars posterior), 1747, iv + 600 p.]

55 [“Plantarum circa Upsaliam sponte nascentium catalogus.” Acta Literaria et Scientiarum Sveciae, vol. 3, pp. 9-44, 1732. In addition to this brief published catalogue, Olof Celsius left a collection of pressed plant specimens that he called “Flora Uplandica.” He began to collect plants in the Swedish province of Uppland in the 1690s. In 1730, the collecting phase of his work essentially completed, he arranged the specimens in four large leather-bound volumes and presented them as a gift to Queen Consort Ulrika Eleonora (born 23 January 1688, died 24 November 1741; Queen of Sweden from 5 December 1718 until her abdication on 29 February 1720 in favor of her husband Frederick I). The full title of the collection, of which two sets are known (one at Uppsala University and the other at the Swedish Museum of Natural History in Stockholm), is Olavi Celsii Flora Uplandica Sive Catalogus Plantarum quo Stirpes pleraeque per Uplandiam sponte nascentes enumerantur, et suis, secundum Clarrissimorum Botanicorum placita, classibus et appellationibus distinguentur. Avia Meleridum peragro loca. In addition to being the oldest such collection for the region, the collection is important because Linnaeus used it as a primary source for his Species Plantarum (1753), the starting point for the binomial naming of plants.]

56 [I have not been able to identify this addendum.]

57 [Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis, see Volume 3, Lesson 14, note 77.]

58 [Anders Celsius (born 27 November 1701, Uppsala; died 25 April 1744, Uppsala), a Swedish astronomer, physicist and mathematician. While professor of astronomy at Uppsala University from 1730 to 1744, he traveled from 1732 to 1735 visiting notable observatories in Germany, Italy and France. He founded the Uppsala Astronomical Observatory in 1741, and in 1742 he proposed the Celsius temperature scale that bears his name.]

59 [Johann Dietrich Leopold (a German botanist, born 10 February 1702, Ulm; died 10 March 1736, Ulm), author of Deliciae sylvestres Florae Ulmensis, oder Verzeichniss deren Gewächsen, welche in des heil. röm. Reichs freie Stadt Ulm in Aeckern, Wiesen, Feldern, Wäldern, Wässern u. s. w. ungepflanzt zu wachsen pflegen; nach dem Alphabet nebst ihren vornehmsten Benennungen, Ort und Zeit ihrer Blüthe zusammengetragen und auf öfteres Begehren zum Druck befördert. Ulm: Johann Conrad Wohler, 1728, [23] + 180 + [1] p.]

60 [Johann Georg Duvernoy (see Volume 3, Lesson 15, note 98), author of Designatio plantarum circa Tubingensem arcem florentium, cum 1. sede seu loco earum natali, 2. charactere generico et individuali, 3. virtutibus medicis probatissimis; in usum scholae botanicae Tubingensis. Tübingen: Pflickius, 1722, 154 p.]

61 [Johann Jacob Dillenius (see note 27, above), author of Catalogus plantarum sponte circa Gissam nascentium, cum appendice, qua plantae post editum catalogum, circa & extra Gissam observatae recensentur, specierum novarum vel dubiarum descriptiones traduntur, genera plantarum nova figuris aeneis illustrata describuntur. Frankfurt am Main: Johann Maximilian à Sande, 1719, [15] + 240 + [34] + [12] + 290 p., 21 pls.]

62 [Albrecht von Haller (see Volume 2, Lesson 1, note 16), author of Historia stirpium indigenarum Helvetiae inchoate. Bern: Sumptibus Societatis typographicae, 1768, 3 vols, iii + 444 p.; lxiv + 323 p.; ii + 204 p.]