1 A remarkable instance of Jewish generosity with respect to Lueger’s communal projects was the donation of Rothschild land for the construction of Vienna’s second freshwater pipeline. See Anna Ehrlich, Karl Lueger: Die zwei Gesichter der Macht (Vienna: Amalthea, 2010), 157ff.

2 Fernand Braudel et al., Der Historiker als Menschenfresser: Über den Beruf des Geschichtsschreibers (Stuttgart: Wagenbach, 1995).

3 Carl E. Schorske, Fin-de-Siècle Vienna: Politics and Culture (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981), 145.

4 Albert Fuchs, Geistige Strömungen in Österreich 1867-1918 (Vienna: Löcker, 1978), 60.

5 Steven Beller, Vienna and the Jews 1867-1938: A Cultural History (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), 195.

6 Arthur Schnitzler, among others, heaped scorn on Lueger’s ingratiation with the Jewish “aristocracy,” but also on those Jews who deliberately overlooked his hypocritical behavior. See Ehrlich, Karl Lueger, 98-99.

7 The writer Albert Fuchs accuses Lueger of having committed “one act of despotism after the other” while he was mayor of Vienna. Besides actively discriminating against Social Democrats, Jews, and Czechs who applied for jobs in the city administration or the communal school system, Lueger’s visions concerning the future of the Habsburg Empire were much less progressive than it is often believed, says Fuchs, Geistige Strömungen in Österreich, 60ff.

8 Ehrlich, Karl Lueger, 164-65.

9 On Lueger’s municipal reforms, also see Paul Hofmann, The Viennese: Splendor, Twilight, and Exile (New York: Anchor Press, 1988), 143-44.

10 A notorious case was that of Josef Kranz, a banker charged with purchasing beer for the armed forces. Eduard März, Österreichische Bankpolitik in der Zeit der großen Wende (Vienna: Verlag für Geschichte und Politik, 1981), 222-23.

11 In John W. Boyer’s view, the fundamentalism of the priest, Ignaz Seipel, who was Christian Socialism’s overpowering figure from the early 1920s until his death in 1932, amounted to a complete rebuttal of Lueger’s flexible (or even opportunistic) stance.

12 Felix Salten, Das österreichische Antlitz: Essays (Berlin: S. Fischer, 1910), 127-42.