1 Hans Rauscher, “Schüssel,” Der Standard, 2 Oct. 2008; on Schüssel, see also Peter Pelinka, Wolfgang Schüssel: Eine politische Biografie (Vienna: Ueberreuter, 2003).

2 Andreas Khol, et al., “Wolfgang Schüssel — ein politischer Lebenslauf,” in Zukunft denken: Festschrift für Wolfgang Schüssel, ed. Andreas Kohl et al. (Vienna: Oldenbourg, 2005), 9 ff.

3 Heinz Fischer, Reflexionen (Vienna: Kremayer & Scheriau, 1998), 152, 187.

4 Alfred Payrleitner, “Der Cellospieler,” in Khol et al., Zukunft denken, 393ff.

5 See, for example, Johannes Hawlik and Wolfgang Schüssel, Staat lass nach (Vienna: Herold, 1985).

6 See Herbert Dachs et al., eds., Die Politiker (Vienna: Manz, 1995), 613ff.

7 See Pelinka, Wolfgang Schüssel, 149 and 170f.

8 Franz Fischler, Erinnerungen (Vienna: Ueberreuter, 2006), 105.

9 Manfried Welan, Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten des Regierungssystems (Vienna: Boku, 2009).

10 Stuart E. Eizenstat, Imperfect Justice (New York: Public Affairs, 2003), 291.

11 Ibid, 20ff.

12 Payrleitner, “Der Cellospieler,” 401; and Fischler, Erinnerungen, 105.

13 Fritz Plasser and Peter A. Ulram, eds., Wechselwahlen. Analysen zur Nationalratswahl 2006 (Vienna: Facultas, 2007), 33.

14 Pelinka, Wolfgang Schüssel, 196.

15 Ibid., 192.

16 Ibid., 175.

17 Ibid., 176.

18 Ibid., 174; and Joachim Riedl, Der Wendekanzler (Vienna: Czernin, 2001), 98.

19 Pelinka, Wolfgang Schüssel, 186; and Riedl, Der Wendekanzler, 58.

20 Robert Isaak, Individuals in World Politics, 2nd ed. (Belmont: Duxbury, 1981); and Wolfgang C. Müller, “Persönlichkeit und Politik,” in Die Politiker, ed. Herbert Dachs et al. (Vienna: Manz, 1995).

21 Peter Berger, Kurze Geschichte Österreichs im 20. Jahrhundert (Vienna: Facultas, 2007).

22 Pelinka, Wolfgang Schüssel, 172.

23 See Johannes Pollak et al., eds., Politik und Persönlichkeit (Vienna: Facultas, 2008).

24 Max Weber, Politik als Beruf (Munich: Duncker, 1919); and Dirk Kaesler, ed., Leidenschaft und Augenmaß (Ramsen: Tenschert, 2008), 7ff.

25 Riedl, Der Wendekanzler, 21.

26 Ibid., 21.

27 Andreas Zielecke, “Helden und Waschlappen,” Süddeutsche Zeitung, 6 Sept. 2008, p. 13.

28 Helmut Berking et al., eds., Politikertypen in Europa (Frankfurt: Fischer, 1994), 280ff.

29 Peter Gerlich and Wolfgang C. Müller, Images of Chief-Executive Leadership: A Comparative Exploration (Working Paper/University Vienna 1988).

30 See Regina M. Jankowitsch, “Political Leadership,” in Politik und Persönlichkeit, ed. Johannes Pollak et al. (Vienna: Facultas, 2008), 197ff.

31 The initial quote of this article is from Baltasar Gracian’s Art of Worldy Wisdom, trans. Joseph Jacobs (Whitefish, MT: Kessinger, 2003), reputedly one of Wolfgang Schüssel’s favorite books. Some observers have assumed that he was influenced by the traditional Rule of Saint Benedict, regulating the behavior of abbot and monks in Benedictine monasteries. While this book certainly reads as a very modern text in many ways, it can be assumed that Schüssel prefered the less stern and sober but more realistic and slightly cynical political manual of Baltasar Gracian. See Baltasar Gracian, Hand-Orakel (Frankfurt: Insel, 1986).

32 Peter Gerlich, “Sozialpartnerschaft in Zeiten der Governance,” in Festschrift 60 Jahre Wirtschaftskammer Österreich, ed. Wirtschaftskammer Österreich (Vienna: WKO, 2006), 49.

33 Kaare Strom et al., eds., Cabinets and Coalition Bargaining (Oxford: Oxford UP, 2008), 403ff.

34 Fritz Plasser as quoted in Riedl, Der Wendekanzler, 31.

35 See David Owen, In Sickness and in Power: Illness in Heads of Government during the Last 100 Years (New York: Prager, 2008) and Sherwin B. Nuland, “Political Disorders,” Foreign Affairs 87.6 (Nov./Dec. 2008): 148-51.

36 The lightheartedness of Schüssel’s support team was expressed by one of its members who recollected in retrospect that they playfully expressed three wishes at the three Christmas parties which took place before important decisions in 1999, 2002 and 2006. In the first year, they wished for a black-blue government, in the second year for a black-green, and in the third for black-red, however under a chancellor Schüssel. The first wish was granted, the second and the third remained unfulfilled. Santa Claus does not intervene in politics. If true, the anecdote demonstrates the political flexibility of Schüssel and his team.

37 Pelinka, Wolfgang Schüssel, 172.

38 Eizenstat, Imperfect Justice, 91.

39 Ibid., 305.

40 See Payrleitner, “Der Cellospieler,” 400; Andreas Unterberger, “Austria semper reformanda,” in Khol et al., Zukunft denken, 423ff.; Pelinka, 196ff.; Emmerich Tálos, ed., Schwarz-Blau: Eine Bilanz des “Neu-Regierens” (Vienna: LitVerlag, 2006).

41 Welan, Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten.

42 Markus Beyrer, “Reformen für Österreich,” in Khol et al., Zukunft denken, 356.