• Contenu principal
  • Menu
OpenEdition Books
  • Accueil
  • Catalogue de 15457 livres
  • Éditeurs
  • Auteurs
  • Facebook
  • X
  • Partager
    • Facebook

    • X

    • Accueil
    • Catalogue de 15457 livres
    • Éditeurs
    • Auteurs
  • Ressources numériques en sciences humaines et sociales

    • OpenEdition
  • Nos plateformes

    • OpenEdition Books
    • OpenEdition Journals
    • Hypothèses
    • Calenda
  • Bibliothèques

    • OpenEdition Freemium
  • Suivez-nous

  • Lettre d’information
OpenEdition Search

Redirection vers OpenEdition Search.

À quel endroit ?
  • IRD Éditions
  • ›
  • Synthèses
  • ›
  • The Mediterranean region under climate c...
  • ›
  • Part 2. Vulnerability and impacts
  • ›
  • Sub-chapter 2.4.1. Mediterranean forests...
  • IRD Éditions
  • IRD Éditions
    IRD Éditions
    Informations sur la couverture
    Table des matières
    Liens vers le livre
    Informations sur la couverture
    Table des matières
    Formats de lecture

    Plan

    Plan détaillé Texte intégral Mediterranean forests, unique ecosystems? Mediterranean forests: a long history of agro-sylvo-pastoral management by rural populations and interactions between local societies Mediterranean forests and climate change Conclusion: reconciling particular ecological functioning, biocultural heritage and threats Bibliographie Auteurs

    The Mediterranean region under climate change

    Ce livre est recensé par

    Précédent Suivant
    Table des matières

    Sub-chapter 2.4.1. Mediterranean forests, biocultural heritage and climate change

    A social-ecological perspective

    Thierry Gauquelin, Geneviève Michon, Richard Joffre, Robin Duponnois, Didier Genin, Bruno Fady, Magda Bou Dagher, Arezki Derridj, Said Slimani, Wadi Badri, Mohamed Alifriqui, Laurent Auclair, Romain Simenel, Mohamed Aderghal, Ezekiel Baudoin, Antoine Galiana, Yves Prin, Hervé Sanguin, Catherine Fernandez et Virginie Baldy

    p. 339-348

    Texte intégral Bibliographie References Auteurs

    Texte intégral

    Mediterranean forests, unique ecosystems?

    1A Mediterranean forest is defined as a forest growing under a Mediterranean climate characterized by a marked rainfall deficit in summer that causes the vegetation stress (Gauquelin 2011). Forests in the Mediterranean basin cover more than 48.2 million ha of which 35 million are located in southern Europe, 8.8 million ha in the Middle East and 4.4 million ha in North Africa (adapted from Quézel and Médail 2003; Fady and Médail 2004). The seasonality of air temperature and precipitation, which is the most distinctive feature of Mediterranean-type climates, has major implications for vegetation functioning, as it limits the active growing season to the humid period between fall and spring (Blondel and Aronson 1999). This period ranges from 5 to 10 months according to distinct climatic subtypes.

    Structure and biodiversity

    2As reported by EEA (European Environment Agency, 2006), evergreen and sclerophyllous plants, usually but not exclusively represented by deciduous forests, are particularly common in humid and perhumid bioclimates, underlining the complexity of forests in the Mediterranean basin (Quézel and Médail 2003). In the Mediterranean region, the term “forest” does not always refer to high, dense stands of trees with a closed canopy, and three main forest types (forest sensu stricto, pre-forestal structure and pre-steppic structure) can be distinguished (Quézel and Médail 2003) according to tree density and height.

    3The Mediterranean basin (sensu lato: 2% of the Earth’s surface) is one of 34 identified biodiversity hot-spots (Médail and Quézel 1997; Benabid 2000). Mediterranean forests include 290 woody species versus only 135 for non-Mediterranean Europe, including a large number of endemic species (e.g. Tetraclinis articulata, Argania spinosa, Juniperus thurifera, Quercus suber and fir species such as Abies pinsapo, Abies marocana, Abies nebrodensis; Blondel et al. 2010) and high genetic diversity (see Fady 2005 for conifer species) with high levels of genetic originality in refugia (Médail and Diadema 2009).

    Functioning

    4The specificity of Mediterranean forest ecosystem functioning (phenology, primary and secondary plant metabolism, carbon storage, productivity, water cycle, redistribution of nutrients and microorganisms activity) is linked to the long period of drought, with highly discontinuous functioning linked to alternating dry and wet periods. In these conditions, phanerophyte evergreen and sclerophyllous species dominate, but are not the only type, and deciduous forests, mainly oak forests, are also well represented, particularly in humid and per-humid bioclimates, underlining the complexity of Mediterranean forests (Quezel and Medail, 2003) Mediterranean plant species produce numerous plant secondary metabolites (PSMs), most of which are terpenoids (volatiles) and phenolics (non-volatiles). PSMs, together with morphological traits (sclerophylly), allow these species to cope with climatic stress (Chaves and Escudero 1999). Plant investment in PSMs affects numerous ecosystem function processes and biodiversity (Fernandez et al. 2013, 2016; Chomel et al. 2014).

    5Decomposition of organic matter, a key process for forest functioning, is also determined by the period of drought. Controlled by biotic factors such as decomposers (bacteria, fungi, invertebrates), and by the biochemical composition of the plant litter (i.e. plant diversity; Santonja et al. 2015a), this process is linked to the environmental conditions, particularly soil water content under a Mediterranean climate. Marked dry summer periods result in a discontinuous decomposition process that is closely linked to water availability (Chomel et al. 2014). The diversity of mycorrhizal fungi present in these ecosystems is crucial, as these symbiotic fungi are belowground linkers between plants that facilitate their host plant’s access to soil nutrients (Barto et al. 2012) and to the soil water compartment.

    6Widely spaced trees, mainly in pre-forestal and pre-steppic stands, have a major impact on forest functioning (Joffre and Rambal, 1988; Gauquelin et al. 1992), leading to the very marked spatial heterogeneity. In man-made ecosystems characterized by a savannah-like physiognomy, e.g. the dehesas and montados of the Iberian Peninsula, scattered trees lead to high spatial heterogeneity in ecosystem functioning.

    Dynamics

    7Ecosystem dynamics on the southern and northern shores of the Mediterranean basin are quite different (Gauquelin 2011). The northern shore is characterized by coastal urbanization and the abandonment of agricultural and pastoral land, leading to spectacular forest re-colonization; for example, in the French Mediterranean area, between 1980 and 2011, forest covering more than 1.4 million ha increased by between 0.5% and 2% a year (IF 2013; FAO 2013), which corresponds to approximately 16.000 ha a year. On the southern shore, degradation is still intense and is causing the fragmentation or disappearance of different habitats including forest, with for example, an annual decrease of 0.5% in Algerian forest between 1990 and 2010 (FAO 2013).

    Mediterranean forests: a long history of agro-sylvo-pastoral management by rural populations and interactions between local societies

    8Most forests in the Mediterranean region are the result of a long history of agro-sylvo-pastoral management by rural populations and of interactions between local societies (Blondel 2006, Aubert 2013). In spite of the strong influence of local management practices and socio-political relationships on the production of Mediterranean forests, most studies insist on the negative impact that local societies have had on “natural forests” and on their biodiversity (deforestation, forest degradation and desertification). In contrast, Michon et al. (2007) analyzed the co-evolution between forest ecosystems and their related human populations in terms of domestication (of trees, ecosystems and landscapes), and considered the resulting forests (domestic forests, orrural forests; Genin et al. 2013) as biocultural, or socio-ecological products for agroforestry systems like those found on the Iberian Peninsula (Joffre et al. 1987, 1999).

    9Mediterranean forests have been, and in certain regions, still are, intensively used for rural livelihoods. They provide a wide range of resources including human food, medicines, ritual material, firewood, construction wood and forage for livestock. These forests are characterized by different levels of formal and informal appropriation by rural communities and are shaped by specific, refined knowledge and practices.

    Mediterranean forests and climate change

    10Climate models predict increases in both temperature and drought conditions in the Mediterranean (Schleussner et al. 2016). These changes are expected to increase the frequency, intensity and duration of drought, especially in summer (IPCC, 2014; Polade et al. 2014). The response of Mediterranean forests to such extreme climatic events is poorly understood, because conducting controlled field experiments to mimic such conditions is costly and difficult at a large scale without introducing environmental modifications. Different in natura platforms have been implemented in different types of forest in France, with rain exclusion devices that make it possible to apply a precipitation scenario close to the projections made by models for the end of the 21st century. Holm oak at Puechabon (Limousin et al. 2008, 2009, 2012), Aleppo pine at Font Blanche (Gea-Izquierdo et al. 2015) and downy oak at O 3 HP (Santonja et al. 2015b) have been the subject of such experiments. Results showed that changing rainfall patterns will (i) directly affect the production and decomposition of litter (Santonja et al. 2015b,), and (ii) the emissions of volatile organic compounds (Staudt et al. 2002, 2003; Genard et al. 2015). There is a plan to set up a network of experimental stations around the Mediterranean basin with simpler and less expensive devices to monitor the effects of climate change on other important forest ecosystems and under other bioclimates.

    11Recent studies in northwestern Africa reported recurrent drought events from the second half of the 20th century on (Touchan et al. 2010; Linares et al. 2011; Kherchouche et al. 2012, 2013; Slimani 2014). Touchan et al. (2008) showed that the 1999-2002 drought was the worst in northwestern Africa since the middle of the 15th century. This suggests climate conditions are limiting for tree growth and affect the geographical distribution of drought-sensitive species, especially those at the edge of their range. The 1999-2002 drought event triggered substantial mortality in Cedrus atlantica forests where, in some areas, stands disappeared completely (Zine El Abidine 2003; Linares et al. 2011; Kherchouche et al. 2012, 2013; Slimani et al. 2014), and even in other tree species reputed for their drought hardiness, including Pinus halepensis, Quercus ilex, Quercus suber, and Juniperus thurifera (Allen et al. 2010).

    12Extreme climatic events could cause major disruption of Mediterranean forest functioning, increasing soil erosion, the frequency and intensity of forest fires, and pest outbreaks (Moriondo et al. 2006; Lindner et al. 2010). These disturbances will put a number of important ecosystems services at risk (Schröter et al. 2005). In this context, new ways of increasing the resistance and resilience of Mediterranean forests need to be developed, including those that harness the full potential of Mediterranean forest genetic resources (Lefèvre et al. 2014). Favoring mixed pine-hardwood species stands is increasingly proposed as a strategy to enhance forest resilience (Pausas et al. 2004). But it is also important to prepare the future of managed stands by careful selection of species in their optimum site conditions favoring more resilient species to future climate and making them less vulnerable. Partial thinning of some stands to limit competition is a solution to be recommended in some cases potentially linked with the wood energy sector, as well as protection against fire in the case of degraded stands at risk of desertification.

    Conclusion: reconciling particular ecological functioning, biocultural heritage and threats

    13Linking different elements allows us to propose an integrative and original outlook for Mediterranean forests:

    • Linking basic and applied research: exploiting all scientific results should enable the identification of a successful strategy for the preservation and development of Mediterranean forests. Knowledge of the different levels of biodiversity could help preserve Mediterranean forests. At the species level, genetic diversity studies and the adaptive potential of a given species could help understand its reactions to environmental change. At the community level, understanding interactions between different species could lead to dramatic changes in reforestation practices. For instance, identifying the mycorrhizal community of some trees used in reforestation programs and the nurse effect of some shrub species on these trees could optimize large scale reforestation programs that take climate change into account, reduce the cost of watering and increase the success rate of these plantations. On the other hand, climate modelling applied to species distribution and genetic exploration of marginal populations can help predict shifts in species range and reduce the conservation actions required.
    • Linking hard sciences, humanities and social sciences: understanding Mediterranean forest ecosystems and their future must first integrate 1) the secular human-forest interactions that have shaped functional cultural landscapes, and 2) the ecosystem services provided by these forests to secure both overall diverse ecosystems and livelihoods.
    • Linking forestry, agricultural and social approaches and objectives: forests and the human populations living in and from these forests have to be protected in a global, comprehensive approach that takes both biological and cultural diversity into account. This requires truly participatory methods (i.e. not forcing local populations to participate in projects designed by foresters or biologists that aim at preserving forests per se, but conducting negotiations in which all stakeholders have a say).
    • Linking the northern and southern Mediterranean: the forest structure, dynamics and threats are very different on the two shores of the Mediterranean and comparing the different situations is indispensable to understand the overall evolution of Mediterranean forests in the context of climate change.
    • Linking “nature” and productive systems: particularly in the Mediterranean basin. This link refers to the continuum between “wild” and highly anthropized ecosystems that needs to be better understood to detect forms of uses able to guarantee the sustainability of these sensitive forest ecosystems and that of local livelihoods.

    14Mentioning the need for these links may sound like “praying for a miracle” since it has little to do with what is happening today. It is also difficult to report true “success stories” in developing productive “biocultural” approaches, i.e. combining ecological and cultural approaches for a better understanding and management of Mediterranean forests, as these two approaches are generally barely connected. Foresters, biologists, local populations and social scientists need to join forces to define a desirable “state of conservation” for Mediterranean forests, one that takes flora, fauna, and ecological services as well as local knowledge, practices, and production, into account. Practical measures to achieve, monitor and maintain this state will have to be invented, mobilizing scientific as well as local indicators of “degradation”, regeneration practices, protection measures, for example combining the protective enclosure methods of foresters or agdal (a traditional forest management system in the Moroccan High Atlas) practices of local populations). This can only be done if local populations are included in the definition of conservation management objectives from the very beginning. The same global model can be mentioned for cork oak forest, formerly a “cultural forest” in the northern part of the Mediterranean basin that was “naturalized” after local cork oak management practices were abandoned, and that is currently severely affected by forest fires. Conservation of the cork-oak forest may reactivate local farmers’ interest in ecosystem management that combines cork, pastoral and agricultural production. Such management models still exist in Spain and in the southern Mediterranean basin and could inspire the rehabilitation of abandoned cork oak forests in the North.

    15The aim of this brief synthesis was to highlight both the risks faced by Mediterranean forest ecosystems, and the opportunities they represent for sustainable development including for humans and human activities. The idea is to consider 2100 not only from the point of view of projected climate change but also possible changes in land use and socio-economic aspects, and to make proposals in this direction.

    Acknowledgements

    16We dedicate this paper to the memory of Pierre Quézel, who played a key role in knowledge of Mediterranean forests. The authors gratefully acknowledge the program MISTRALS (Mediterranean Integrated STudies at Regional And Local Scales), particularly the subprogram SICMED and BIODIVMEX, and also the program ENVIMED. This paper is a contribution to the Labex OT-Med (no. ANR-11-LABX-0061) funded by the French Government through the A*MIDEX project (no. ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02).

    Bibliographie

    Des DOI sont automatiquement ajoutés aux références bibliographiques par Bilbo, l’outil d’annotation bibliographique d’OpenEdition. Ces références bibliographiques peuvent être téléchargées dans les formats APA, Chicago et MLA.

    Format

    • APA
    • Chicago
    • MLA
    Chomel, M., Fernandez, C., Bousquet‐Mélou, A., Gers, C., Monnier, Y., Santonja, M., Gauquelin, T., Gros, R., Lecareux, C., & Baldy, V. (2014). Secondary metabolites of <i><scp>P</scp>inus halepensis</i> alter decomposer organisms and litter decomposition during afforestation of abandoned agricultural zones. In A. Austin (Ed.), Journal of Ecology (Vols. 102, Issues 2, pp. 411-424). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12205
    Fady-Welterlen, B. (2005). Is there really more biodiversity in Mediterranean forest ecosystems?. In TAXON (Vols. 54, Issues 4, pp. 905-910). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.2307/25065477
    Genin, D., Aumeeruddy-Thomas, Y., Balent, G., & Nasi, R. (2013). The Multiple Dimensions of Rural Forests: Lessons from a Comparative Analysis. In Ecology and Society (Vols. 18, Issue 1). Resilience Alliance, Inc. https://doi.org/10.5751/es-05429-180127
    IPCC. (2022). Global Warming of 1.5°C (1–). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157940
    Joffre, R., Vacher, J., de los Llanos, C., & Long, G. (1988). The dehesa: an agrosilvopastoral system of the Mediterranean region with special reference to the Sierra Morena area of Spain. In Agroforestry Systems (Vols. 6, Issue 1-3, pp. 71-96). Springer Science and Business Media LLC. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02344747
    Slimani, S., Derridj, A., & Gutierrez, E. (2014). Ecological response of Cedrus atlantica to climate variability in the Massif of Guetiane (Algeria). In Forest Systems (Vols. 23, Issues 3, p. 448). Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA). https://doi.org/10.5424/fs/2014233-05175
    Linares, J. C., Taïqui, L., & Camarero, J. J. (2011). Increasing Drought Sensitivity and Decline of Atlas Cedar (Cedrus atlantica) in the Moroccan Middle Atlas Forests. In Forests (Vols. 2, Issues 3, pp. 777-796). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/f2030777
    Lindner, M., Maroschek, M., Netherer, S., Kremer, A., Barbati, A., Garcia-Gonzalo, J., Seidl, R., Delzon, S., Corona, P., Kolström, M., Lexer, M. J., & Marchetti, M. (2010). Climate change impacts, adaptive capacity, and vulnerability of European forest ecosystems. In Forest Ecology and Management (Vols. 259, Issues 4, pp. 698-709). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.023
    Medail, F., & Quezel, P. (1997). Hot-Spots Analysis for Conservation of Plant Biodiversity in the Mediterranean Basin. In Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden (Vols. 84, Issue 1, p. 112). JSTOR. https://doi.org/10.2307/2399957
    Moriondo, M., Good, P., Durao, R., Bindi, M., Giannakopoulos, C., & Corte-Real, J. (2006). Potential impact of climate change on fire risk in the Mediterranean area. In Climate Research (Vols. 31, pp. 85-95). Inter-Research Science Center. https://doi.org/10.3354/cr031085
    Polade, S. D., Pierce, D. W., Cayan, D. R., Gershunov, A., & Dettinger, M. D. (2014). The key role of dry days in changing regional climate and precipitation regimes. In Scientific Reports (Vols. 4, Issue 1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep04364
    Schröter D., Cramer, W., Leemans, R., Prentice, I. C., Araújo M. B., Arnell, N. W., Bondeau, A., Bugmann, H., Carter, T. R., Gracia, C. A., de la Vega-Leinert, A. C., Erhard, M., Ewert, F., Glendining, M., House, J. I., Kankaanpää S., Klein, R. J. T., Lavorel, S., Lindner, M., … Zierl, B. (2005). Ecosystem Service Supply and Vulnerability to Global Change in Europe. In Science (Vols. 310, Issues 5752, pp. 1333-1337). American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1115233
    Staudt, M., Rambal, S., Joffre, R., & Kesselmeier, J. (2002). Impact of drought on seasonal monoterpene emissions from <i>Quercus ilex</i> in southern France. In Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres (Vols. 107, Issue D21). American Geophysical Union (AGU). https://doi.org/10.1029/2001jd002043
    Touchan, R., Anchukaitis, K. J., Meko, D. M., Attalah, S., Baisan, C., & Aloui, A. (2008). Long term context for recent drought in northwestern Africa. In Geophysical Research Letters (Vols. 35, Issues 13). American Geophysical Union (AGU). https://doi.org/10.1029/2008gl034264
    Chomel, Mathilde, Catherine Fernandez, Anne Bousquet‐Mélou, Charles Gers, Yogan Monnier, Mathieu Santonja, Thierry Gauquelin, Raphael Gros, Caroline Lecareux, and Virginie Baldy. “Secondary Metabolites of <i><scp>P< scp>inus halepensis< i> Alter Decomposer Organisms and Litter Decomposition During Afforestation of Abandoned Agricultural Zones”. Edited by Amy Austin. Journal of Ecology. Wiley, January 8, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12205.
    Fady-Welterlen, Bruno. “Is There Really More Biodiversity in Mediterranean Forest Ecosystems?”. TAXON. Wiley, November 2005. https://doi.org/10.2307/25065477.
    Genin, Didier, Yildiz Aumeeruddy-Thomas, Gérard Balent, and Robert Nasi. “The Multiple Dimensions of Rural Forests: Lessons from a Comparative Analysis”. Ecology and Society. Resilience Alliance, Inc, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5751/es-05429-180127.
    IPCC. “Global Warming of 1.5°C”. []. Cambridge University Press, May 24, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157940.
    Joffre, Richard, Jean Vacher, Carlos de los Llanos, and Gilbert Long. “The Dehesa: An Agrosilvopastoral System of the Mediterranean Region With Special Reference to the Sierra Morena Area of Spain”. Agroforestry Systems. Springer Science and Business Media LLC, February 1988. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02344747.
    Slimani, Said, Arezki Derridj, and Emilia Gutierrez. “Ecological Response of Cedrus Atlantica to Climate Variability in the Massif of Guetiane (Algeria)”. Forest Systems. Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), December 1, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5424/fs/2014233-05175.
    Linares, Juan C., Lahcen Taïqui, and Jesús Julio Camarero. “Increasing Drought Sensitivity and Decline of Atlas Cedar (Cedrus Atlantica) in the Moroccan Middle Atlas Forests”. Forests. MDPI AG, September 15, 2011. https://doi.org/10.3390/f2030777.
    Lindner, Marcus, Michael Maroschek, Sigrid Netherer, Antoine Kremer, Anna Barbati, Jordi Garcia-Gonzalo, Rupert Seidl, et al. “Climate Change Impacts, Adaptive Capacity, and Vulnerability of European Forest Ecosystems”. Forest Ecology and Management. Elsevier BV, February 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.023.
    Medail, Frederic, and Pierre Quezel. “Hot-Spots Analysis for Conservation of Plant Biodiversity in the Mediterranean Basin”. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. JSTOR, 1997. https://doi.org/10.2307/2399957.
    Moriondo, M, P Good, R Durao, M Bindi, C Giannakopoulos, and J Corte-Real. “Potential Impact of Climate Change on Fire Risk in the Mediterranean Area”. Climate Research. Inter-Research Science Center, June 26, 2006. https://doi.org/10.3354/cr031085.
    Polade, Suraj D., David W. Pierce, Daniel R. Cayan, Alexander Gershunov, and Michael D. Dettinger. “The Key Role of Dry Days in Changing Regional Climate and Precipitation Regimes”. Scientific Reports. Springer Science and Business Media LLC, March 13, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep04364.
    Schröter Dagmar, Wolfgang Cramer, Rik Leemans, I. Colin Prentice, Araújo Miguel B., Nigel W. Arnell, Alberte Bondeau, et al. “Ecosystem Service Supply and Vulnerability to Global Change in Europe”. Science. American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), November 25, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1115233.
    Staudt, Michael, Serge Rambal, Richard Joffre, and Jürgen Kesselmeier. “Impact of Drought on Seasonal Monoterpene Emissions from <i>Quercus ilex< i> In Southern France”. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. American Geophysical Union (AGU), November 15, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001jd002043.
    Touchan, Ramzi, Kevin J. Anchukaitis, David M. Meko, Said Attalah, Christopher Baisan, and Ali Aloui. “Long Term Context for Recent Drought in Northwestern Africa”. Geophysical Research Letters. American Geophysical Union (AGU), July 2008. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008gl034264.
    Chomel, Mathilde, et al. “Secondary Metabolites of <i><scp>P< scp>inus halepensis< i> Alter Decomposer Organisms and Litter Decomposition During Afforestation of Abandoned Agricultural Zones”. Journal of Ecology, edited by Amy Austin, vol. 102, no. 2, Wiley, 8 Jan. 2014, pp. 411-24. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12205.
    Fady-Welterlen, Bruno. “Is There Really More Biodiversity in Mediterranean Forest Ecosystems?”. TAXON, vol. 54, no. 4, Wiley, Nov. 2005, pp. 905-10. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.2307/25065477.
    Genin, Didier, et al. “The Multiple Dimensions of Rural Forests: Lessons from a Comparative Analysis”. Ecology and Society, vol. 18, no. 1, Resilience Alliance, Inc., 2013. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.5751/es-05429-180127.
    IPCC. Global Warming of 1.5°C. [], Cambridge University Press, 24 May 2022. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157940.
    Joffre, Richard, et al. “The Dehesa: An Agrosilvopastoral System of the Mediterranean Region With Special Reference to the Sierra Morena Area of Spain”. Agroforestry Systems, vol. 6, no. 1-3, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Feb. 1988, pp. 71-96. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02344747.
    Slimani, Said, et al. “Ecological Response of Cedrus Atlantica to Climate Variability in the Massif of Guetiane (Algeria)”. Forest Systems, vol. 23, no. 3, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 1 Dec. 2014, p. 448. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.5424/fs/2014233-05175.
    Linares, Juan C., et al. “Increasing Drought Sensitivity and Decline of Atlas Cedar (Cedrus Atlantica) in the Moroccan Middle Atlas Forests”. Forests, vol. 2, no. 3, MDPI AG, 15 Sept. 2011, pp. 777-96. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.3390/f2030777.
    Lindner, Marcus, et al. “Climate Change Impacts, Adaptive Capacity, and Vulnerability of European Forest Ecosystems”. Forest Ecology and Management, vol. 259, no. 4, Elsevier BV, Feb. 2010, pp. 698-09. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.023.
    Medail, Frederic, and Pierre Quezel. “Hot-Spots Analysis for Conservation of Plant Biodiversity in the Mediterranean Basin”. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, vol. 84, no. 1, JSTOR, 1997, p. 112. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.2307/2399957.
    Moriondo, M, et al. “Potential Impact of Climate Change on Fire Risk in the Mediterranean Area”. Climate Research, vol. 31, Inter-Research Science Center, 26 June 2006, pp. 85-95. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.3354/cr031085.
    Polade, Suraj D., et al. “The Key Role of Dry Days in Changing Regional Climate and Precipitation Regimes”. Scientific Reports, vol. 4, no. 1, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 13 Mar. 2014. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep04364.
    Schröter Dagmar, et al. “Ecosystem Service Supply and Vulnerability to Global Change in Europe”. Science, vol. 310, no. 5752, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 25 Nov. 2005, pp. 1333-7. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1115233.
    Staudt, Michael, et al. “Impact of Drought on Seasonal Monoterpene Emissions from <i>Quercus ilex< i> In Southern France”. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 107, no. D21, American Geophysical Union (AGU), 15 Nov. 2002. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001jd002043.
    Touchan, Ramzi, et al. “Long Term Context for Recent Drought in Northwestern Africa”. Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 35, no. 13, American Geophysical Union (AGU), July 2008. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008gl034264.

    Cette bibliographie a été enrichie de toutes les références bibliographiques automatiquement générées par Bilbo en utilisant Crossref.

    References

    10.1016/j.foreco :

    Allen CD, Macalady AK, Chenchouni H, Bachelet D, McDowell N, Vennetier M, Kizberger T, Rigling A, Breshears DD, Hogg EH, Gonzalez P, Fensham R, Zhang Z, Castro J, Demidova N, Lim JH, Allard G, Running SW, Semerci A, Cobb N (2010)
    A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests. Forest Ecology and Management 259: 660-684. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco. 2009.09.001

    Aubert PM (2013)
    Les évolutions de la politique forestière au Maroc: entre réappropriation du modèle forestier français et idéalisation de la tribu. Rev. For. Fr. LXV-4-2013: 305-316

    10.1016/j.tplants :

    Barto EK, Weidenhamer JD, Cipollini D, Rillig MC (2012)
    Fungal superhighways: do common mycorrhizal networks enhance below ground communication? Trends in Plant Science 17:633-637. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants. 2012.06.007

    Benabid A (2000)
    Flore et écosystèmes du Maroc. Evaluation et préservation de la biodiversité. Ibis Press, Paris 360 p.

    10.1007/s10745-006006-90309030-4 :

    Blondel J (2006)
    The “design” of Mediterranean landscapes: a millennial story of human and ecological systems during the historic period. Human Ecology 34:713-730. doi: 10.1007/s10745-006-9030-4

    Blondel J, Aronson J (1999)
    Biology and Wildlife of the Mediterranean Region. Oxford University Press.

    Blondel J, Aronson J, BODIOU JY, BOEUF G (2010)
    The Mediterranean Region: Biological Diversity in Space and Time. Oxford University Press.

    Chaves N, Escudero JC (1999)
    Variation of flavonoid synthesis induced by ecological factors. In: Principles and practices in plant ecology: Allelochemical interaction, Inderjit, Dakshini K. M. M. and Foy C. L. edit., CRC Press publ., 267-285

    10.1111/1365-2745.12205 :

    Chomel M, Fernandez C, Bousquet-Mélou A, Monnier Y, Santonja M, Gauquelin T, Gros R, Lecareux C, Dupouyet S, Baldy V (2014)
    Secondary metabolites of Pinus halepensis alter decomposer organisms and litter decomposition during afforestation of abandoned agricultural zones. Journal of Ecology 102 (2): 411-424. doi: 10.1111/1365-2745.12205

    EEA (2006)
    European forest types categories and types for sustainable forest management. reporting and policy. Technical report 113 p

    10.2307/25065477 :

    Fady B (2005)
    Is there really more biodiversity in Mediterranean forest ecosystems? Taxon 54(4):905-910. doi: 10.2307/25065477

    Fady B, Médail F (2004)
    Mediterranean Forest Ecosystems. In: J. Burley, J. Evans and J.A. Youngquist edit., Encyclopedia of Forest Science. Elsevier, Londres, 1403-1414

    FAO (2013)
    State of Mediterranean Forests. pp. 1–177. Rome.

    Gauquelin T (2011)
    Specificity and universality of Forestal Mediterranean ecosystems. In: Hafidi Mohamed (ed.), Duponnois Robin (ed.). The mycorrhizal symbiosis in Mediterranean environment: importance in ecosystem stability and in soil rehabilitation strategies. New York: Nova Science Publishers, : 1-5

    Gauquelin T, Fromard F, Badri W, Dagnac J (1992)
    Apports d’éléments minéraux au sol par l’intermédiaire de la litière, des pluies et des pluviolessivats dans un peuplement à genévrier thurifère (Juniperus thurifera L.) du Haut Atlas occidental (Maroc). Annales des Sciences forestières 49:599-614

    10.5194/acp-15-2015431-2015 :

    Genard AC, Boissard C, Fernandez C, Kalokridis C, Gros V, Lathière J, Bonnaire N, Ormeño E (2015)
    BVOC (isoprene) emissions from a Mediterranean Quercus pubescens and Acer monspessulanum canopy under mild drought. Atmos Chem Phys 15:43-446. doi:10.5194/acp-15-431-2015, 2015

    10.5751/ES-05429-180127 :

    Genin D, Aumeerudy-Thomas Y, Balent G, Nasi R (2013)
    The multiple dimensions of rural forests: lessons from a comparative analysis. Ecology and Society 18(1):27. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ES-05429-180127

    10.5194/bg-12-36953695-2015 :

    Gea-Izquierdo G, Guibal F, Joffre R, Ourcival JM, Simioni G, Guiot J (2015)
    Modelling the climatic drivers determining photosynthesis and carbon allocation in evergreen Mediterranean forests using multiproxy long time series. Biogeosciences 12 (12): 3695-3712 doi:10.5194/bg-12-3695-2015

    10.1016/j.gloplacha :

    Giorgi F, Lionello P (2008)
    Climate change projections for the Mediterranean region. Gl & Planetary Change 63(2-3): 90-104, doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha. 2007.09.005

    IF, Le supplement d’IGN Magazine sur l’information forestiére (2013)
    Un siècle d’expansion des forêts françaises. Numéro 31, 8 p.

    10.1017/9781009157940 :

    IPCC (2014)
    Summary for policymakers. In: Field CB, Barros VR, Dokken DJ, Mach KJ, Mastrandrea MD, Bilir TE, Chatterjee M, Ebi KL, Estrada YO, Genova RC, Girma B, Kissel ES, Levy AN, MacCracken S, Mastrandrea PR, White LL (eds) Climate change 2014: impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability. Part A: global and sectoral aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 1–32

    Joffre R, Rambal S (1988)
    Soil water improvement by trees in the rangelands of southern Spain. Acta Oecologica, 9 (4): 405-422

    10.1023/A :

    Joffre R, Rambal S, Ratte JP (1999)
    The dehesa system of southern Spain and Portugal as a natural ecosystem mimic. Agroforestry Systems 45: 57-79. doi:10.1023/A: 1006259402496

    10.1007/BF02220110 :

    Joffre R, Vacher J, De Los Llanos C, Long G (1987)
    The dehesa: an agrosilvopastoral system of the Mediterranean region with special reference to the Sierra Morena area of Spain. Agroforestry Systems 6:71-96. doi:10.1007/BF02220110

    10.5424/fs/2014233-05175 :

    Kherchouche D, Kalla M, Gutierrez E, Briki A, Hamachi A (2013)
    La sécheresse et le dépérissement du cèdre de l’Atlas (Cedrus atlantica Manetti) dans le massif du Belezma (Algérie). Sécheresse 24 (2): 129-137. doi:10.5424/fs/2014233-05175

    Kherchouche D, Kalla M, Gutiérrez EM, Attalah S, Bouzghaia M (2012)
    Impact of droughts on Cedrus atlantica forests dieback in the Aurès (Algeria). Journal of Life Sciences 6: 1262-1269

    10.1007/s13595-013013-02720272-1 :

    Lefèvre F, Boivin T, Bontemps A, Courbet F, Davi H, Durand-Gillmann M, Fady B, Gauzere J, Gidoin C, Karam M-J, Lalagüe H, Oddou-Muratorio S, Pichot C (2014)
    Considering evolutionary processes in adaptive forestry. Annals of Forest Science 71: 723-739. doi:10.1007/s13595-013-0272-1

    10.1016/j.jhydrol :

    Limousin JM, Rambal S, Ourcival JM, Joffre R (2008)
    Modelling rainfall interception in a Mediterranean Quercus ilex ecosystem: lesson from a throughfall exclusion experiment. Journal of Hydrology 357: 57-66. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol. 2008.05.001

    10.1111/j.1365-.01852.x :

    Limousin JM, Rambal S, Ourcival JM, Rocheteau A, Joffre R, Rodriguez-cortina R (2009)
    Long-term transpiration change with rainfall decline in a Mediterranean Quercus ilex forest. Global Change Biology 15:2163-2175. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01852.x.

    10.1007/s00442-011011-22212221-8 :

    Limousin JM, Rambal S, Ourcival JM, Rodríguez-calcerrada J, Pérez-ramos I, Rodríguez-cortina R, Misson L, Joffre R (2012)
    Morphological and phenological shoot plasticity in a Mediterranean evergreen oak facing long-term increased drought. Oecologia 169:565-577 doi:10.1007/s00442-011-2221-8

    10.3390/f2030777 :

    Linares JC, Taïqui L, Camarero JL (2011)
    Increasing drought sensitivity and decline of Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica) in the Moroccan Middle Atlas forests, Forests 2 (3), 777-796, doi:10.3390/f2030777

    10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.023 :

    Lindner M, Maroschek M, Netherer S, Kremer A, Barbati A, Garcia-Gonzalo J, Seidl R, Delzon S, Corona P, Kolström M, Lexer MJ, Marchetti M (2010)
    Climate change impacts, adaptive capacity, and vulnerability of European forest ecosystems. Forest Ecology and Management 259: 698-709. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.023

    10.2307/2399957 :

    Médail F, Quézel P (1997)
    Hot-Spots Analysis for Conservation of Plant Biodiversity in the Mediterranean Basin. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 84: 112-127. doi:10.2307/2399957

    10.1111/j :

    Médail F, Diadema K (2009)
    Glacial refugia influence plant diversity patterns in the Mediterranean Basin. Journal of Biogeography 36:1333-1345. doi:10.1111/j. 1365-2699.2008.02051. x

    Michon G, DE Foresta H, Levang P, Verdeaux F (2007)
    Domestic forests: a new paradigm for integrating local communities’ forestry into tropical forest science. Ecology and Society 12(2):1. http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol12/iss2/art1/

    10.3354/cr031085 :

    Moriondo M, Good P, Durao R, Bindi M, Giannakopoulos C, Cortereal J (2006)
    Potential impact of climate change on fire risk in the Mediterranean area. Climate Research 31: 85-95. doi:10.3354/cr031085

    10.1023/B:VEGE :

    Pausas JG, Bladé C, Valdecantos A, Seva JP, Fuentes D, Alloza JA, Vilagrosa A, Bautista S, Cortina J, Vallejo R (2004)
    Pines and oaks in the restoration of Mediterranean landscapes of Spain: new perspectives for an old practice-a review. Plant Ecology 171:209-220. doi:10.1023/B:VEGE. 0000029381.63336.20

    10.1038/Srep04364 :

    Polade SD, Pierce DW, Cayan DR, Gershunov A, Dettinger MD (2014)
    The key role of dry days in changing regional climate and precipitation regimes. Scientific reports 4: 4364. doi:10.1038/Srep04364

    Quézel P, Médail F (2003)
    Ecologie et biogéographie des forêts du bassin méditerranéen. Elsevier, Paris 573 p.

    10.1007/s10021-015015-98969896-3 :

    Santonja M, Baldy V, Fernandez C, Balesdent J, Gauquelin T, Baldy V (2015A)
    Potential shift in plant communities with climate change: outcome on litter decomposition and nutrient release in a Mediterranean oak forest. Ecosystems 18: 1253-1268. doi:10.1007/s10021-015-9896-3

    10.1007/s11104-015015-2471-z :

    Santonja M, Fernandez C, Gauquelin T, Baldy V (2015B)
    Climate change effects on litter decomposition: intensive drought leads to a strong decrease of litter mixture interactions. Plant and Soil 393: 69-82. doi:10.1007/s11104-015-2471-z

    10.5194/esd-7-327327-2016 :

    Schleussner, C.-F., Lissner, T. K., Fischer, E. M., Wohland, J., Perrette, M., Golly, A., Rogelj, J., Childers, K., Schewe, J., Frieler, K., Mengel, M., Hare, W., Schaeffer, M. (2016)
    Differential climate impacts for policy-relevant limits to global warming: the case of 1.5 °C and 2 °C, Earth Syst. Dynam., 7, 327-351, doi:10.5194/esd-7-327-2016

    10.1126/science.1115233 :

    Schröter D, Cramer W, Leemans R, Prentice IC, Araujo MB, Arnell NW, Bondeau A, Bugmann H, Carter TR, Gracia CA, de la Vega-Leinert AC, Erhard M, Ewert F, Glendining M, House JI, Kankaanpää S, Klein RJ, Lavorel S, Lindner M, Metzger MJ, Meyer J, Mitchell TD, Reginster I, Rounsevell M, Sabaté S, Sitch S, Smith B,
    Smith J, Smith P, Sykes MT, Thonicke K, Thuiller W, Tuck G, Zaehle S, Zierl B (2005) Ecosystem service supply and vulnerability to global change in Europe. Science 310: 1333-1337. doi:10.1126/science.1115233

    Slimani S (2014)
    Reconstitutions dendrochronologiques du climat et de l’historique des incendies dans les régions des Aurès et de Kabylie, nord de l’Algérie. Doctoral Thesis. The University Mouloud Mammeri, Tizi Ouzou, Algeria. 171 p

    10.1016/j.gloplacha :

    Somot S, Sevault F, Déqué M, Crépon M (2008)
    21st century climate change scenario for the Mediterranean using a coupled atmosphere-ocean regional climate model. Global Planet Change 63(2-3): 112-126, doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha. 2007.10.003

    10.1046/j.1469-.00722.x :

    Staudt M, Joffre R, Rambal S (2003)
    How growth conditions affect the capacity of Quercus ilex leaves to emit monoterpenes. New Phytologist 158: 61-73. doi:10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00722.x

    10.1029/2001JD002043 :

    Staudt M., Rambal S., Joffre R., Kesselmeier J. (2002)
    Impact of drought on seasonal monoterpene emissions from Quercus ilex in southern France. Journal of Geophysical Research, 107(21): 4602, doi:10.1029/2001JD002043.

    10.1029/2008GL034264 :

    Touchan R, Anchukaitis KJ, Meko DM, Attalah S, Baisan C, Aloui A (2008)
    Long term context for recent drought in northwestern Africa. Geophysical Research Letters 35, L13705. doi:10.1029/2008GL034264.

    10.1007/s00382-010010-08040804-4 :

    Touchan R, Anchukaitis KJ, Meko DM, Sabir M, Attalah S, Aloui A (2010)
    Spatiotemporal drought variability in northwestern Africa over the last nine centuries. J. Clim. Dynam. 37: 237–252, doi:10.1007/s00382-010-0804-4

    Zine El Abidine AZ (2003)
    Forest decline in Morocco: causes and control strategy. Science et changements planétaires. Sécheresse 14: 209-218

    Auteurs

    • Thierry Gauquelin

      IMBE, France
      Ecologist, IMBE Aix-Marseille Université CNRS IRD Avignon Université, France
      thierry.gauquelin@univ-provence.fr

    • Geneviève Michon

      UMR GRED, IRD, France
      Ethnobotanist, UMR GRED, IRD, Montpellier, France
      genevieve.michon@ird.fr

    • Richard Joffre

      CEFE, CNRS, France
      Ecologist, CEFE, CNRS, Montpellier, France
      richard.joffre@cefe.cnrs.fr

    • Robin Duponnois

      UMR LSTM, IRD, France
      Microbiologist, IRD, Montpellier, France
      robin.duponnois@ird.fr

    • Didier Genin

      UMR LPED, IRD, France
      Ecologist, pastoralist, LPED, IRD, Marseille, France
      didier.genin@univ-amu.fr

    • Bruno Fady

      URFM, INRA, France
      Ecologist, geneticist, URFM, INRA, Avignon, France
      bruno.fady@avignon.inra.fr

    • Magda Bou Dagher

      Saint Joseph University, Lebanon
      Ecologist, botanist, Université Saint Joseph, Beyrouth, Lebanon
      magda.boudagher@usj.edu.lb

    • Arezki Derridj

      Tizi-Ouzou University, Algeria
      Ecologist, Université Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria
      aderridj@yahoo.fr

    • Said Slimani

      Tizi-Ouzou University, Algeria
      Ecologist, Université Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria
      slimanisaid@yahoo.fr

    • Wadi Badri

      Casablanca University, Morocco
      Ecologist, Université de Casablanca, Morocco
      wadibadri@gmail.com

    • Mohamed Alifriqui

      Marrakech University, Morocco
      Ecologist, Université de Marrakech, Morocco
      alifriqui@gmail.com

    • Laurent Auclair

      UMR LPED, IRD, France
      Geographer, LPED, IRD, Marseille, France
      laurent.auclair@ird.fr

    • Romain Simenel

      UMR LPED, IRD, France
      Ethnologist, LPED, IRD, Marseille, France
      romain.simenel@ird.fr

    • Mohamed Aderghal

      LMI MEDITER, Morocco
      Geographer, LMI MEDITER, Rabat, Morocco
      m.aderghal@gmail.com

    • Ezekiel Baudoin

      UMR LSTM, IRD, France
      Microbiologist, LSTM, IRD, Montpellier, France
      ezekiel.baudoin@ird.fr

    • Antoine Galiana

      UMR LSTM, CIRAD, France
      Microbiologist, LSTM, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
      antoine.galiana@cirad.fr

    • Yves Prin

      UMR LSTM, CIRAD, France
      Microbiologist, LSTM, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
      yves.prin@cirad.fr

    • Hervé Sanguin

      UMR LSTM, CIRAD, France
      Microbiologist, LSTM, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
      herve.sanguin@cirad.fr

    • Catherine Fernandez

      IMBE, France
      Marine ecologist, Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix-Marseille Université, Station marine d’Endoume, Marseille, France
      catherine.fernandez@imbe.fr

    • Virginie Baldy

      IMBE, France
      Ecologist, IMBE Aix-Marseille Université CNRS IRD Avignon Université, France
      virginie.baldy@imbe.fr

    Précédent Suivant
    Table des matières

    Le texte seul est utilisable sous licence Licence OpenEdition Books. Les autres éléments (illustrations, fichiers annexes importés) sont « Tous droits réservés », sauf mention contraire.

    Voir plus de livres
    La population réunionnaise

    La population réunionnaise

    Analyse démographique

    Frédéric Sandron (dir.)

    2007

    Du social hors la loi

    Du social hors la loi

    L’anthropologie analytique de Christian Geffray

    Yann Guillaud et Frédéric Létang (dir.)

    2009

    Gestion durable des eaux et des sols au Maroc

    Gestion durable des eaux et des sols au Maroc

    Valorisation des techniques traditionnelles méditerranéennes

    Éric Roose, Mohamed Sabir et Abdellah Laouina

    2010

    Madagascar face au défi des Objectifs du millénaire pour le développement

    Madagascar face au défi des Objectifs du millénaire pour le développement

    Bénédicte Gastineau, Flore Gubert, Anne-Sophie Robilliard et al. (dir.)

    2010

    Le projet majeur africain de la Grande Muraille Verte

    Le projet majeur africain de la Grande Muraille Verte

    Concepts et mise en œuvre

    Abdoulaye Dia et Robin Duponnois (dir.)

    2010

    La Grande Muraille Verte

    La Grande Muraille Verte

    Capitalisation des recherches et valorisation des savoirs locaux

    Abdoulaye Dia et Robin Duponnois (dir.)

    2012

    Un arbre au désert

    Un arbre au désert

    Acacia raddiana

    Michel Grouzis et Édouard Le Floc’h (dir.)

    2003

    Parcours de recherche à Madagascar

    Parcours de recherche à Madagascar

    L’IRD-Orstom et ses partenaires

    Christian Feller et Frédéric Sandron (dir.)

    2010

    Pratiques et représentations linguistiques en Guyane

    Pratiques et représentations linguistiques en Guyane

    Regards croisés

    Isabelle Léglise et Bettina Migge (dir.)

    2008

    La pêche aux Antilles

    La pêche aux Antilles

    Gilles Blanchet, Bertrand Gobert et Jean-Alfred Guérédrat (dir.)

    2002

    Les sociétés rurales face aux changements climatiques et environnementaux en Afrique de l’Ouest

    Les sociétés rurales face aux changements climatiques et environnementaux en Afrique de l’Ouest

    Benjamin Sultan, Richard Lalou, Mouftaou Amadou Sanni et al. (dir.)

    2015

    Aires marine protégées ouest-africaines

    Aires marine protégées ouest-africaines

    Défis scientifiques et enjeux sociétaux

    Marie Bonnin, Raymond Laë et Mohamed Behnassi (dir.)

    2015

    Voir plus de livres
    1 / 12
    La population réunionnaise

    La population réunionnaise

    Analyse démographique

    Frédéric Sandron (dir.)

    2007

    Du social hors la loi

    Du social hors la loi

    L’anthropologie analytique de Christian Geffray

    Yann Guillaud et Frédéric Létang (dir.)

    2009

    Gestion durable des eaux et des sols au Maroc

    Gestion durable des eaux et des sols au Maroc

    Valorisation des techniques traditionnelles méditerranéennes

    Éric Roose, Mohamed Sabir et Abdellah Laouina

    2010

    Madagascar face au défi des Objectifs du millénaire pour le développement

    Madagascar face au défi des Objectifs du millénaire pour le développement

    Bénédicte Gastineau, Flore Gubert, Anne-Sophie Robilliard et al. (dir.)

    2010

    Le projet majeur africain de la Grande Muraille Verte

    Le projet majeur africain de la Grande Muraille Verte

    Concepts et mise en œuvre

    Abdoulaye Dia et Robin Duponnois (dir.)

    2010

    La Grande Muraille Verte

    La Grande Muraille Verte

    Capitalisation des recherches et valorisation des savoirs locaux

    Abdoulaye Dia et Robin Duponnois (dir.)

    2012

    Un arbre au désert

    Un arbre au désert

    Acacia raddiana

    Michel Grouzis et Édouard Le Floc’h (dir.)

    2003

    Parcours de recherche à Madagascar

    Parcours de recherche à Madagascar

    L’IRD-Orstom et ses partenaires

    Christian Feller et Frédéric Sandron (dir.)

    2010

    Pratiques et représentations linguistiques en Guyane

    Pratiques et représentations linguistiques en Guyane

    Regards croisés

    Isabelle Léglise et Bettina Migge (dir.)

    2008

    La pêche aux Antilles

    La pêche aux Antilles

    Gilles Blanchet, Bertrand Gobert et Jean-Alfred Guérédrat (dir.)

    2002

    Les sociétés rurales face aux changements climatiques et environnementaux en Afrique de l’Ouest

    Les sociétés rurales face aux changements climatiques et environnementaux en Afrique de l’Ouest

    Benjamin Sultan, Richard Lalou, Mouftaou Amadou Sanni et al. (dir.)

    2015

    Aires marine protégées ouest-africaines

    Aires marine protégées ouest-africaines

    Défis scientifiques et enjeux sociétaux

    Marie Bonnin, Raymond Laë et Mohamed Behnassi (dir.)

    2015

    Voir plus de livres
    Les champignons ectomycorhiziens des arbres forestiers en Afrique de l’Ouest

    Les champignons ectomycorhiziens des arbres forestiers en Afrique de l’Ouest

    Méthodes d’étude, diversité, écologie, utilisation en foresterie et comestibilité

    Amadou Bâ, Robin Duponnois, Moussa Diabaté et al.

    2011

    Voir plus de livres
    Les champignons ectomycorhiziens des arbres forestiers en Afrique de l’Ouest

    Les champignons ectomycorhiziens des arbres forestiers en Afrique de l’Ouest

    Méthodes d’étude, diversité, écologie, utilisation en foresterie et comestibilité

    Amadou Bâ, Robin Duponnois, Moussa Diabaté et al.

    2011

    Voir plus de chapitres

    Modes de représentation des stratégies familiales en milieu rural

    Une approche méthodologique

    Didier Genin, Mohamed Elloumi et Michel Picouët

    14. Cultiver la forêt

    Les agroforêts, une tradition porteuse d’avenir

    Geneviève Michon

    Introduction. Les habitants de la forêt : cueilleurs, chasseurs, agriculteurs, éleveurs

    Geneviève Michon, Stéphanie M. Carrière et Bernard Moizo

    12. Des règles pour gérer la forêt »

    Exemples indonésiens

    Geneviève Michon

    Sub-chapter 3.5.4. Rethinking the management of mycorrhizal soil infectivity to restore Mediterranean and tropical forest ecosystems

    Robin Duponnois, Lahcen Ouahmane, Mohamed Hafidi et al.

    9. Les savoirs locaux en question

    Geneviève Michon

    3. Les habitants des forêts tropicales : des mythes aux réalités

    Geneviève Michon, Bernard Moizo et Stéphanie M. Carrière

    Introduction. Les « peuples de la forêt » : de qui parle-t-on ?

    Geneviève Michon, Bernard Moizo et Stéphanie M. Carrière

    Conclusion

    Le terroir, une réponse aux changements globaux au Maroc et dans les pays du Sud ?

    Geneviève Michon et Mohamed Berriane

    1. Qu’est-ce qu’une forêt ?

    Les réponses des sciences humaines

    Geneviève Michon

    Introduction. L’impossible consensus scientifique sur la forêt

    Geneviève Michon, Stéphanie M. Carrière et Bernard Moizo

    Introduction

    Geneviève Michon, Bernard Moizo et Stéphanie M. Carrière

    Voir plus de chapitres
    1 / 12

    Modes de représentation des stratégies familiales en milieu rural

    Une approche méthodologique

    Didier Genin, Mohamed Elloumi et Michel Picouët

    14. Cultiver la forêt

    Les agroforêts, une tradition porteuse d’avenir

    Geneviève Michon

    Introduction. Les habitants de la forêt : cueilleurs, chasseurs, agriculteurs, éleveurs

    Geneviève Michon, Stéphanie M. Carrière et Bernard Moizo

    12. Des règles pour gérer la forêt »

    Exemples indonésiens

    Geneviève Michon

    Sub-chapter 3.5.4. Rethinking the management of mycorrhizal soil infectivity to restore Mediterranean and tropical forest ecosystems

    Robin Duponnois, Lahcen Ouahmane, Mohamed Hafidi et al.

    9. Les savoirs locaux en question

    Geneviève Michon

    3. Les habitants des forêts tropicales : des mythes aux réalités

    Geneviève Michon, Bernard Moizo et Stéphanie M. Carrière

    Introduction. Les « peuples de la forêt » : de qui parle-t-on ?

    Geneviève Michon, Bernard Moizo et Stéphanie M. Carrière

    Conclusion

    Le terroir, une réponse aux changements globaux au Maroc et dans les pays du Sud ?

    Geneviève Michon et Mohamed Berriane

    1. Qu’est-ce qu’une forêt ?

    Les réponses des sciences humaines

    Geneviève Michon

    Introduction. L’impossible consensus scientifique sur la forêt

    Geneviève Michon, Stéphanie M. Carrière et Bernard Moizo

    Introduction

    Geneviève Michon, Bernard Moizo et Stéphanie M. Carrière

    Accès ouvert

    Accès ouvert freemium

    ePub

    PDF

    PDF du chapitre

    Suggérer l’acquisition à votre bibliothèque

    Acheter

    Édition imprimée

    IRD Éditions
    • amazon.fr
    • decitre.fr
    • mollat.com
    • leslibraires.fr
    • placedeslibraires.fr
    ePub / PDF

    The Mediterranean region under climate change

    X Facebook Email

    The Mediterranean region under climate change

    Ce livre est cité par

    • Hrvatin, Mauro. Zorn, Matija. (2022) Climate Change Management Climate Change in the Mediterranean and Middle Eastern Region. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78566-6_4
    • De Biasio, Francesco. Zecchetto, Stefano. (2023) Tuning the Model Winds in Perspective of Operational Storm Surge Prediction in the Adriatic Sea. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 11. DOI: 10.3390/jmse11030544
    • Re, Alice. Minola, Lorenzo. Pezzoli, Alessandro. (2023) Climate Scenarios for Coastal Flood Vulnerability Assessments: A Case Study for the Ligurian Coastal Region. Climate, 11. DOI: 10.3390/cli11030056
    • Bonacci, Ognjen. (2019) Air temperature and precipitation analyses on a small Mediterranean island: the case of the remote island of Lastovo (Adriatic Sea, Croatia). Acta hydrotechnica. DOI: 10.15292/acta.hydro.2019.10
    • Eronat, Atilla Hüsnü. (2020) Time series evaluation of oil spill in marine environment: a case study in marine area of Cyprus. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 13. DOI: 10.1007/s12517-020-05388-6
    • Ser‐Giacomi, Enrico. Jordá‐Sánchez, Gabriel. Soto‐Navarro, Javier. Thomsen, Sören. Mignot, Juliette. Sevault, Florence. Rossi, Vincent. (2020) Impact of Climate Change on Surface Stirring and Transport in the Mediterranean Sea. Geophysical Research Letters, 47. DOI: 10.1029/2020GL089941
    • Rosso, Renzo. Ceppi, Alessandro. (2023) Land–Sea Distribution of Ground Precipitation in Mediterranean Storms. Water, 15. DOI: 10.3390/w15101894
    • Örücü, Ömer K.. Azadi, Hossein. Arslan, E. Seda. Kamer Aksoy, Özgür. Choobchian, Shahla. Nooghabi, Saeedeh Nazari. Stefanie, Horatiu Ioan. (2023) Predicting the distribution of European Hop Hornbeam: application of MaxEnt algorithm and climatic suitability models. European Journal of Forest Research, 142. DOI: 10.1007/s10342-023-01543-2
    • López-Martínez, Francisco. (2023) Are Floods Becoming a More Expensive Hazard? A Damages Review of the Southeastern Spanish Coast (1996–2016). Land, 12. DOI: 10.3390/land12051035
    • Atallah, M’hamed. Djellouli, Fayçal. Bouanani, Abderrazak. Baba-Hamed, Kamila. Faisal, Abdullah-Al-. Hasan, Khairul. (2023) Assessment of Catchment Behavior of the Wadi Louza in NW-Algeria Under Hydrological Drought Conditions. Earth Systems and Environment, 7. DOI: 10.1007/s41748-022-00325-x
    • Gómez-Limón, José A.. Guerrero-Baena, M. Dolores. Fernández-Gallardo, José A.. (2022) Hedging the risk of hydrological drought in irrigated agriculture: the role of precautionary savings. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 38. DOI: 10.1080/07900627.2021.1949699
    • Terrone, Martino. Piana, Pietro. Paliaga, Guido. D’Orazi, Marco. Faccini, Francesco. (2021) Coupling Historical Maps and LiDAR Data to Identify Man-Made Landforms in Urban Areas. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 10. DOI: 10.3390/ijgi10050349
    • Romagnoli, Federica. Cadei, Alberto. Costa, Maximiliano. Marangon, Davide. Pellegrini, Giacomo. Nardi, Davide. Masiero, Mauro. Secco, Laura. Grigolato, Stefano. Lingua, Emanuele. Picco, Lorenzo. Pirotti, Francesco. Battisti, Andrea. Locatelli, Tommaso. Blennow, Kristina. Gardiner, Barry. Cavalli, Raffaele. (2023) Windstorm impacts on European forest-related systems: An interdisciplinary perspective. Forest Ecology and Management, 541. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121048
    • El Haddadi, Rachid. El Mekkaoui, Abdelalli. Zouahri, Abdelmjid. Ouazzani Touhami, Amina. Douira, Allal. (2022) Effect of growing media on morpho-physiological quality attributes of Tetraclinis articulata seedlings. Forest Science and Technology, 18. DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2022.2104936
    • Mentzafou, A.. Conides, A.. Dimitriou, E.. (2020) Climate change assessment impacts on the coastal area of Maliakos Gulf, Greece. Journal of Water and Climate Change, 11. DOI: 10.2166/wcc.2019.209

    The Mediterranean region under climate change

    Ce livre est diffusé en accès ouvert freemium. L’accès à la lecture en ligne est disponible. L’accès aux versions PDF et ePub est réservé aux bibliothèques l’ayant acquis. Vous pouvez vous connecter à votre bibliothèque à l’adresse suivante : https://freemium.openedition.org/oebooks

    Suggérer l’acquisition à votre bibliothèque Acheter ce livre aux formats PDF et ePub

    Si vous avez des questions, vous pouvez nous écrire à access[at]openedition.org

    The Mediterranean region under climate change

    Vérifiez si votre bibliothèque a déjà acquis ce livre : authentifiez-vous à OpenEdition Freemium for Books.

    Vous pouvez suggérer à votre bibliothèque d’acquérir un ou plusieurs livres publiés sur OpenEdition Books. N’hésitez pas à lui indiquer nos coordonnées : access[at]openedition.org

    Vous pouvez également nous indiquer, à l’aide du formulaire suivant, les coordonnées de votre bibliothèque afin que nous la contactions pour lui suggérer l’achat de ce livre. Les champs suivis de (*) sont obligatoires.

    Veuillez, s’il vous plaît, remplir tous les champs.

    La syntaxe de l’email est incorrecte.

    Référence numérique du chapitre

    Format

    Gauquelin, T., Michon, G., Joffre, R., Duponnois, R., Genin, D., Fady, B., Bou Dagher, M., Derridj, A., Slimani, S., Badri, W., Alifriqui, M., Auclair, L., Simenel, R., Aderghal, M., Baudoin, E., Galiana, A., Prin, Y., Sanguin, H., Fernandez, C., & Baldy, V. (2016). Sub-chapter 2.4.1. Mediterranean forests, biocultural heritage and climate change. In J.-P. Moatti & S. Thiébault (éds.), The Mediterranean region under climate change (1‑). IRD Éditions. https://doi.org/10.4000/books.irdeditions.23604
    Gauquelin, Thierry, Geneviève Michon, Richard Joffre, Robin Duponnois, Didier Genin, Bruno Fady, Magda Bou Dagher, et al. « Sub-Chapter 2.4.1. Mediterranean Forests, Biocultural Heritage and Climate Change ». In The Mediterranean Region under Climate Change, édité par Jean-Paul Moatti et Stéphane Thiébault. Marseille: IRD Éditions, 2016. https://doi.org/10.4000/books.irdeditions.23604.
    Gauquelin, Thierry, et al. « Sub-Chapter 2.4.1. Mediterranean Forests, Biocultural Heritage and Climate Change ». The Mediterranean Region under Climate Change, édité par Jean-Paul Moatti et Stéphane Thiébault, IRD Éditions, 2016, https://doi.org/10.4000/books.irdeditions.23604.

    Référence numérique du livre

    Format

    Moatti, J.-P., & Thiébault, S. (éds.). (2016). The Mediterranean region under climate change (1‑). IRD Éditions. https://doi.org/10.4000/books.irdeditions.22908
    Moatti, Jean-Paul, et Stéphane Thiébault, éd. The Mediterranean Region under Climate Change. Marseille: IRD Éditions, 2016. https://doi.org/10.4000/books.irdeditions.22908.
    Moatti, Jean-Paul, et Stéphane Thiébault, éditeurs. The Mediterranean Region under Climate Change. IRD Éditions, 2016, https://doi.org/10.4000/books.irdeditions.22908.
    Compatible avec Zotero Zotero

    1 / 3

    IRD Éditions

    IRD Éditions

    • Mentions légales
    • Plan du site
    • Se connecter

    Suivez-nous

    • Flux RSS

    URL : http://www.editions.ird.fr

    Email : editions@ird.fr

    Adresse :

    IRD

    44, bd de Dunkerque

    CS 90009

    13572

    Marseille

    France

    OpenEdition
    • Candidater à OpenEdition Books
    • Connaître le programme OpenEdition Freemium
    • Commander des livres
    • S’abonner à la lettre d’OpenEdition
    • CGU d’OpenEdition Books
    • Accessibilité : partiellement conforme
    • Données personnelles
    • Gestion des cookies
    • Système de signalement