Versión clásicaVersión móvil

Manuel de sclérochronologie des poissons

 | 
Jacques Panfili
, 
Hélène de Pontual
, 
Hervé Troadec
, 
et al.

Références bibliographiques

Texto completo

Adams, L.A. 1940. Some characteristic otoliths of American Ostariophysi. Journal of Morphology 66, 497-527.

Agassiz, L. 1833-1844. Recherches sur les poissons fossiles. Neuchâtel, Switzerland : PetitPierre.

Ahrenholz, D.W., Fitzhugh, G.R., Rice, J.A., Nixon, S.W. & Pritchard, W.C. 1995. Confidence of otolith ageing through the juvenile stage for Atlantic menhaden, Brevoortia tyrannus. Fishery Bulletin 93, 209-216.

Aksu, A.E., Yasar, D., Mundie, P.J. & Gillespie, H. 1995. Late glacial-Holocene paleoclimatic and paleooceanographic evolution of the Aegean Sea: micropaleontological and stable isotopic evidence. Marine Micropaleontology 25, 1-28.

Al-Absy, A.H. & Carlander, K.D. 1988. Criteria for selection of scalesampling sites in growth studies of yellow perch. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 117, 209-212.

Albrechtsen, K. 1968. A dyeing technique for otolith age reading. Journal du Conseil permanent international pour l’exploration de la mer 32, 278-280.

Alcobendas, M., Lecomte, F., Castanet, J., Meunier, F.J., Maire, P. & Holl, M. 1991. Technique de marquage en masse de civelles (Anguilla anguilla L.) par balnéation rapide dans le fluorochrome : application au marquage à la tétracycline de 500 kg de civelles. Bulletin Français de la Pêche et de la Pisciculture 321, 43-54.

Al-Hossaini, M. & Pitcher, T.J. 1988. The relation between daily growth rings, body growth and environmental factors in plaice Pleuronectes platessa L., juvenile otoliths. Journal of Fish Biology 33, 409-418.

Al-Hossaini, M., Liu, Q. & Pitcher, T.J. 1989. Otolith microstructure indicating growth and mortality among plaice, Pleuronectes platessa L., post-larval sub-cohorts. Journal of Fish Biology 35, 81-90.

Allen, P.M. & McGlade, J.M. 1986. Dynamics of discovery and exploitation: the case of the Scotian shelf groundfish fisheries. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 43, 1187-1200.

Almeida, F.P. & Sheehan, T.F. 1997. Age determination methods for Northwest Atlantic species. noaa Technical Report nmfs 72, 85 p.

Alonso, M.K., Pedraza, S.N., Schiavini, A.C.M., Goodall, R.N.P. & Crespo, E.A. 1999. Stomach contents of false killer whales (Pseudorca crassidens) stranded on the coasts of the Strait of Magellan, Tierra del Fuego. Marine Mammal Science 15, 712-724.

Amprino, R. & Engström, A. 1952. Studies on X-ray absorption and diffraction of bone tissue. Acta Anatomica 15, 1-22.

Amprino, R. & Godina, G. 1956. Osservazioni sul rinnovamento structurale dell’osso in Pesci Teleostei. Publicazioni della Stazione della Zoologia di Napoli 28, 62-71.

Anderson, C.S. 1995. Calculating size-dependent relative survival from samples taken before and after selection. In Recent developments in fish otolith research (Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 455-466. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Anderson, J.T. 1988. A review of size dependent survival during prerecruit stages of fishes in relation to recruitment. Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science 8, 55-66.

Anderson, T.F. 1990. Temperature from oxygen isotope ratios. In Palaeontology: A synthesis (Crowther, B., ed.), pp. 403-406. Oxford, uk: Blackwell.

Andrews, A.H., Cailliet, G.M. & Coale, K.H. 1999a. Age and growth of the Pacific grenadier (Coryphaenoides acrolepis) with age estimate validation using an improved radiometric ageing technique. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, 1339-1350.

Andrews, A.H., Coale, K.H., Nowicki, J.L., Lundstrom, C., Palacz, Z., Burton, E.J. & Cailliet, G.M. 1999b. Application of an ionexchange separation technique and thermal ionization mass spectrometry to Ra-226 determination in otoliths for radiometric age determination of long-lived fishes. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, 1329-1338.

Anon. 1998. Report of the Workshop on otolith ageing of North Sea Whiting. ices, cm 1998/G: 14, 66 p.

Antunes, C. & Tesch, F.W. 1997. A criticai consideration of the metamorphosis zone when identifying daily rings in otoliths of European eel, Anguilla anguilla (L). Ecology of Freshwater Fish 6, 102-107.

Arai, N., Sakamoto, W. & Maeda, K. 1995. Analysis of trace elements in otoliths of red sea bream Pagrus major. Fisheries Science 61,43-47.

Arai, T., Otake, T. & Tsukamoto, K. 1997. Drastic changes in otolith microstructure and microchemistry accompanying the onset of metamorphosis in the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica. Marine Ecology Progress Series 161, 17-22.

Arai, T., Otake, T. & Tsukamoto, K. 2000. Timing of metamorphosis and larval segregation of the Atlantic eels Anguilla rostrata and A. anguilla, as revealed by otolith microstructure and microchemistry. Marine Biology 137, 39-45.

Archibald, C.P., Fournier, D. & Leaman, B.M. 1983. A user's guide to Fournier’s catch-at-age model. Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 1688, 84 p.

Arneri, E., Mosegaard, H., Wright, P.J. & Morales-Nin, B. 1998. Microstructural validation of annual increments. In The present status of otolith research and applications (Wright, P.J., ed.), efan Report 1/98. http://www.efan.no/, pp. 54-59.

Asano, M. & Mugiya, Y. 1993. Biochemical and calcium-binding properties of water-soluble proteins isolated from otoliths of the tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 104B, 201-205.

Babaluk, J.A. & Campbell, J.S. 1987. Preliminary results of tetracycline labelling for validating annual growth increments in opercula of walleyes. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 7, 138-141.

Babaluk, J. A. & Craig, J.F. 1990. Tetracycline marking studies with pike, Esox lucius L. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 21, 307-315.

Babaluk, J.A., Halden, N.M., Reist, J.D., Kristofferson, A.H., Campbell, J.L. & Teesdale, W.J. 1997. Evidence for non-anadromous behaviour of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) from Lake Hazen, Ellesmere Island, northwest Territories, Canada, based on scanning proton microprobe analysis of otolith strontium distribution. Arctic 50, 224-233.

Bagenal, T.B. 1974. The ageing of fish. Old Woking, Surrey, uk: Unwin Brothers Ltd.

Bagenal, T.B. & Tesch, F.W. 1978. Age and growth. In Methods for assessment offish production in fresh waters (Bagenal, T, ed.), pp. 101-136. Oxford, uk: Blackwell Scientific Publications.

Baglinière, J.L. & Le Louarn, H. 1987. Caractéristiques scalimétriques des principales espèces de poissons d’eau douce de France. Bulletin Français de la Pêche et de la Pisciculture 306, 1-39.

Baglinière, J.L., Castanet, J., Conand, F. & Meunier, F.J. 1992. Tissus durs et âge individuel des Vertébrés. Paris, France : orstom/inra Editions.

Bailey, K.M., Brown, A.L., Nishimura, A. & Reilly, M.T. 1995. Three-dimensional imaging of walleye pollock otoliths: Reconstruction from serial sections and fluorescent laser cytometry. Journal of Fish Biology 47, 671-678.

Baskin, S.J., Clearwater, S.J., Wood, C.M. & McDonald, D.G. 1999. A comparison of the intestinal metal bioavailability of Cd and Zn in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In Fish response to toxic environments (Kennedy, C. & MacKinlay, D., ed.), pp. 77-80. Baltimore, md, usa: International Congress on the Biology of Fish, July 26-30, 1998.

Bath, G.E., Thorrold, S.R., Jones, C.M., Campana, S.E., McLaren, J.W. & Lam, J.W.H. 2000. Strontium and barium uptake in aragonitic otoliths of marine fish. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 64, 1705-1714.

Batts, B.S. 1972. Age and growth of the skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis (L.), in North Carolina waters. Chesapeake Science 13, 237-244.

Baud, C.A. 1978. Ultrastructure and function of minerai substance in Teleost fish bone. In Symposium de recherche sur les tissus calcifiés des poissons (Kerebel, B., ed.), cnexo-cob, pp. 3.

Baudelot, M.E. 1873. Recherches sur la structure et le développement des écailles des poissons osseux. Archives de Zoologie Générale et Expérimentale 2, 87-244 ; 429-480.

Beall, E. & Davaine, P. 1988. Analyse scalimétrique de la truite de mer (Salmo trutta L.) : formation des anneaux et critères d’identification chez les individus sédentaires et migrateurs d'une même population acclimatée aux îles Kerguelen (taaf). Aquatic Living Resources 1, 3-16.

Beamish, R.J. & Fournier, D.A. 1981. A method for comparing the precision of a set of age determination. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 38, 982-983.

Beamish, R.J. & McFarlane, G.A. 1983. The forgotten requirement for age validation in fisheries biology. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 112, 735-743.

Beamish, R.J. & McFarlane, G.A. 1987. Current trends in age determination methodology. In Age andgrowth of fish (Summerfelt, R.C. & Hall, G.E., ed.), pp. 15-42. Ames, Iowa, usa : The Iowa State University Press.

Beamish, R.J. & McFarlane, G.A. 2000. Reevaluation of the interpretation of annuli from otoliths of a long-lived fish, Anoplopoma fímbria. Fisheries Research 46, 105-111.

Beckman, D.W., Wilson, C.A., Lorica, F. & Dean, J.M. 1990. Variability in incorporation of calcein as a fluorescent marker in fish otoliths. American Fisheries Society Symposium 7, 547-549.

Bedford, B.C. 1983. A method for preparing sections of large numbers of otoliths embedded in black polyester resin. Journal du Conseil permanent international pour l’exploration de la mer 41, 4-12.

Bennett, J.T., Boehlert, G.W. & Turekian, K.K. 1982. Confirmation of longevity in Sebastes diploproa (Pisces: Scorpaenidae) from Pb-210/Ra-226 measurements in otoliths. Marine Biology 71, 209-215.

Benzinou, A., Troadec, H., Le Bihan, J., Rodin, V, Pontual, H (de). & Tisseau, J. 1997. The locally deformable B-Bubble model: an application to growth ring detection on fish otoliths. In The Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis (scia’97, ed.), scia’97, pp. 181-187.

Benzinou, A. 2000. Vers un système de vision par ordinateur pour la reconnaissance de structures sur des pièces calcifiées (otolithes et statolithes). Application à la détermination de l’âge et de paramètres de croissance de poissons et de céphalopodes. Thèse de Doctorat, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 287 p.

Bereiter-Hahn, J. & Zylberberg, L. 1993. Regeneration of Teleost fish scale. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 105A, 625-641.

Berghahn, R. & Karakiri, M. 1990. Experimental induction of biological tags in otoliths of 0-group plaice Pleuronectes platessa by starvation, temperature, and uv-b radiation. Marine Ecology Progress Series 67, 227-233.

Bergstedt, R.A., Eshenroder, R.L., Bowen, C.I., Seelye, J.G. & Locke, J.C. 1990. Mass-marking of otoliths of lake trout sac fry by temperature manipulation. American Fisheries Society Symposium 7, 216-223.

Bertin, L. 1944. Modifications proposées dans la nomenclature des écailles et des nageoires. Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France 69, 198-202.

Bertin, L. 1958. Écailles et sclérifications dermiques. In Traité de Zoologie (Grassé, P.P., ed.), pp. 482-504. Paris, France : Masson.

Beverton, R.J.H. & Holt, S.J. 1957. On the dynamics of exploited fish populations. London, uk: Chapman & Hall, 1993.

Bhattacharya, C.G. 1967. A simple method of resolution of a distribution into Gaussian components. Biometrics 23, 115-135.

Bijvelds, M.J.C., Van der Velden, J.A., Kolar, Z.I. & Flik, G. 1998. Magnesium transport in freshwater teleosts. Journal of Experimental Biology 201, 1981-1990.

Blacker, R.W. 1974. Recent advances in otolith studies. In Sea fisheries research (Jones, R.R.H., ed.), pp. 67-90. New York, usa: Wiley.

Blake, C. & Blake, B.F. 1978. The use of opercular bones in the study of age and growth in Labeo senegalensis from Lake Kainji, Nigeria. Journal of Fish Biology 13, 287-295.

Blanc, M. 1953. Contribution à l’étude de l’ostéogenèse chez les Poissons Téléostéens. Thèse, Université de Paris, 145 p.

Blom, G., Nordeide, J.T., Svaasand, T. & Borge, A. 1994. Application of two fluorescent Chemicals, alizarin complex one and alizarin red S, to mark otoliths of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua L. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 (Suppl. 1), 229-243.

Bloss, F.D. 1971. Crystallography and crystal chemistry. New York, usa: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.

Boët, P. 1981. Eléments d’écologie du poisson-chat, Ictalurus melas (Rafinesque, 1820), du lac de Créteil. Structure et dynamique de la population, exploitation des ressources alimentaires et production. PhD Thesis, Université Paris 6, 123 p.

Boivin, G. & Baud, C.A. 1984. Microradiographic methods for calcified tissues. In Methods of calcified tissue preparation (Dickson, G.R., ed.), pp. 391-411. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier.

Bolz, G.R. & Lough, R.G. 1983. Growth of larval Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, and haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus, on Georges Bank, spring 1981. Fishery Bulletin 81, 827-836.

Bonham, K., Sanford, F.B., Clegg, W. & Bucher, G.C. 1949. Biological and vitamin A studies of dogfish landed in the State of Washington (Squalus suckleyi). Biological Report of the Department of Fisheries, Station of Washington 49A, 83-114.

Bouain, A. & Siau, Y. 1988. A new technique for staining fish otoliths for age determination. Journal of Fish Biology 32, 977-978.

Boujard, T., Sabatier, D., Rojas-Beltran, R., Prévost, M.F. & Renno, J.F. 1990. The food habits of three allochtonous feeding characoids in French Guiana. Revue d’Écologie (La Terre et la Vie) 45, 247-258.

Boujard, T., Lecomte, F., Renno, J.F., Meunier, F. & Neveu, R 1991. Growth in four populations of Leporinus friderici (Bloch, 1794) (Anostomidae, Teleostei) in French Guiana. Journal of Fish Biology 38, 387-397.

Boujard, T. & Meunier, F.J. 1991. Croissance de lepine pectorale, histologie osseuse et dimorphisme sexuel chez l’atipa, Hoplosternum littorale Hancox, 1828 (Callichthyidae, Siluriforme). Cybium 15, 55-68.

Bradford, M.J. & Geen, G.H. 1992. Growth estimates from otolith increment widths of juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) reared in changing environments. Journal of Fish Biology Al, 825-832.

Branstteter, S. & Stiles, R. 1987. Age and growth estimates of the bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, from the northern Gulf of Mexico. Environmental Biology of Fishes 20, 169-181.

Brennan, J.S. & Cailliet, G.M. 1989. Comparative age-determination techniques for white sturgeon in California. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 118, 296-310.

Broecker, W.S., Peng, T.H., Ostlund, H.G. & Stuiver, M. 1985. The distribution of bomb radiocarbon in the ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research 90, 6953-6970, copyright® (1985) by the American Geophysical Union.

Brothers, E.B., Mathews, C.P. & Lasker, R. 1976. Daily growth increments in otoliths from larval and adult fishes. Fishery Bulletin 74, 1-8.

Brothers, E.B. 1981. What can otolith microstructure tell us about daily and subdaily events in the early life history of fish ? Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions du Conseil international pour l’exploration de la mer 178, 393-394.

Brothers, E.B. 1987. Methodological approaches to the examination of otoliths in aging studies. In The age and growth of fish (Summerfelt, R. C. & Hall, G. E., ed.), pp. 319-3.30. Ames, Iowa, usa: The Iowa State University Press.

Brothers, E.B. 1990. Otolith marking. American Fisheries Society Symposium 7, 183-202.

Brown, A.W. 1903. Some observations on the young scales of the cod, haddock, and whiting before shedding. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 24, 437-438.

Brown, M.E. 1957. Experimental studies on growth. In The physiology of fishes (Brown, M.E., ed.), pp. 361-400. New York, usa: Academic Press.

Brown, R. & Severin, K.P. 1999. Elemental distribution within polymorphic inconnu (Stenodus leucichthys) otoliths is affected by crystal structure. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, 1898-1903.

Bruton, M.N. & Allanson, B.R. 1974. Growth of Tilapia mossambica Peters (Pisces, Cichlidae) in Lake Sibaya, South Africa. Journal of Fish Biology 6, 701-715.

Bumguardner, B.W. 1991. Marking subadult red drums with oxytetracycline. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 120, 537-540.

Burdak, V.D. 1979. Morphologie fonctionnelle du tégument écailleux des poissons. Cybium 10 (suppl.), 1-147.

Caillet, G.M., Harvey, J., Kusher, D., Martin, L. & Welden, B. 1983. Age and growth of shortfin mako, Isurus oxyrhinchus, thresher, Alopias vulpinus, and blue shark, Prionace glauca, from California waters. In Proceedings of the international workshop on age determination of oceanic pelagic fishes: Tunas, Billfishes, and Sharks (Prince, E.D. & Pulos, L.M., ed.), pp. 179-188, noaa Technical Report nmfs 8.

Cailliet, G.M. & Tanaka, S. 1990. Recommendations for research needed to better understand the age and growth of Elasmobranchs. In Elasmobranchs as living resources: advances in the biology, ecology, systematics, and the status of the fisheries (Pratt, H., Gruber, S.H. & Taniuchi, T., ed.), pp. 505-507. noaa Technical Report, nmfs, 90.

Cailliet, G.M., Botsford, L.W., Brittnacher, J.G., Ford, G., Matsubayashi, M., King, A., Watters, D.L. & Kope, R.G. 1996. Development of a computer-aided age determination System: Evaluation based on otoliths of bank rockfish off California. Transactions of the American Fishery Society 125, 874-888.

Calaprice, J.R. 1971. X-ray spectrometric and multivariate analysis of Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) from different geographic regions. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 28, 369-377.

Calaprice, J.R. 1983. X-ray vision: a new method of examining an old problem. International commission for the conservation of Atlantic tunas. iccat Collective volume of scientific papers 18, 792-793.

Campana, S.E. 1983. Feeding periodicity and the production of daily growth increments in otoliths of steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) and starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus). Canadian Journal of Zoology 61, 1591-1597.

Campana, S.E. 1984. Interactive effects of age and environmental modifiers on the production of daily growth increments in otoliths of plainfin midshipman, Porichthys notatus. Fishery Bulletin 82, 165-177.

Campana, S.E. & Neilson, J.D. 1985. Microstructure of fish otoliths. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42, 1014-1032.

Campana, S.E. 1987. Image analysis for microscope based observations: an inexpensive configuration. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 1569, 20 p.

Campana, S.E., Gagné, J.A. & Munro, J. 1987. Otolith microstructure of larval herring (Clupea harengus): image or reality? Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44, 1922-1929.

Campana, S.E. 1989. Otolith microstructure of three larval gadids in the Gulf of Maine, with inferences on early life history. Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, 1401-1410.

Campana, S.E. 1990. How reliable are growth back-calculations based on otoliths? Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 47, 2219-2227.

Campana, S.E., Zwanenburg, K.C.T. & smith, j.n. 1990. super(210)Pb/super(226)Ra determination of longevity in redfish. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 47, 163-165.

Campana, S.E. & Moksness, E. 1991. Accuracy and precision of age and hatch date estimates from otolith microstructure examination. International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Journal of Marine Sciences 48, 303-316.

Campana, S.E. 1992. Measurement and interpretation of the microstructure of fish otoliths. In Otolith microstructure examination and analysis (Stevenson, D.K. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 59-71. Ottawa, Canada: Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.

Campana, S.E. & Jones, C.M. 1992. Analysis of otolith microstructure data. In Otolith microstructure examination and analysis (Stevenson, D.K. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 73-100. Ottawa, Canada: Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.

Campana, S.E. & Casselman, J.M. 1993. Stock discrimination using otolith shape analysis. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50, 1062-1083.

Campana, S.E., Oxenford, H.A. & Smith, J.N. 1993. Radiochemical determination of longevity in flyingfish Hirundichthys affinis using Th-228/Ra-228. Marine Ecology Progress Series 100, 211-219.

Campana, S.E., Gagne, J.A. & McLaren, J.W. 1995. Elemental fingerprinting of fish otoliths using ID-ICP-MS. Marine Ecology Progress Series 122, 115-120.

Campana, S.E. 1996. Year-class strength and growth rate in young Atlantic cod Gadus morhua. Marine Ecology Progress Series 135, 21-26.

Campana, S.E. 1997. Use of radiocarbon from nuclear fallout as a dated marker in the otoliths of haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus. Marine Ecology Progress Series 1 50, 49-56.

Campana, S.E., Thorrold, S.R., Jones, C.M., Gunther, D., Tubrett, M., Longerich, H., Jackson, S., Halden, N.M., Kalish, J.M., Piccoli, P., Pontual, H. (de), Troadec, H., Panfili, J., Secor, D.H., Severin, K.P., Sie, S.H., Thresher, R., Teesdale, W.J. & Campbell, J.L. 1997. Comparison of accuracy, precision, and sensitivity in elemental assays of fish otoliths using the electron microprobe, proton-induced X-ray emission, and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54, 2068-2079.

Campana, S.E. & Jones, C.M. 1998. Radiocarbon from nuclear testing applied to age validation of black drum, Pogonias cromis. Fishery Bulletin 96, 185-192.

Campana, S.E. 1999. Chemistry and composition of fish otoliths: pathways, mechanisms and applications. Marine Ecology Progress Series 188, 263-297.

Campana, S.E., Chouinard, G.A., Hanson, J.M., Frechet, A. & Brattey, J. 2000. Otolith elemental fingerprints as biological tracers of fish stocks. Fisheries Research 46, 343-357.

Carlander, K.D. 1987. A history of scale age and growth studies of North American freshwater fish. In The age and growth of fish (Summerfelt, R.C. & Hall, G.E., ed.), pp. 3-14. Ames, Iowa, usa: The Iowa State University Press.

Carlstrõm, D. 1963. A crystallographic study of vertebrate otoliths. Biological Bulletin 124, 441-463.

Casadevall, M., Casinos, A., Viladiu, C. & Ontanon, M. 1990. Scaling of skeletal mass and minerai content in Teleosts. Zoologischer Anzeiger 225, 144-150.

Casselman, J.M. 1974. Analysis of hard tissue of pike Esox lucius L. with special reference to age and growth. In The ageing of fish (Bagenal, T.B., ed.), pp. 13-27. Old Woking, uk: Unwin Brothers Limited.

Casselman, J.M. 1982. Chemical analyses of the optically different zones in eel otoliths. In Proceeclings of the 1980 North American Eel Conference, Ontario Fishery Technical Report Series, 4 (Loftus, K.H., ed.), pp. 74-82.

Casselman, J.M. 1983. Age and growth assessment of fish from their calcified structures: techniques and tools. In Proceedings of the international workshop on age determination of oceanic pelagic fishes: Tunas, Billfishes, and Sharks (Prince, E.D. & Pulos, L.M., ed.), pp. 1-17, noaa Technical Report nmfs 8.

Casselman, J.M. 1987. Determination of age and growth. In The biology of fish growth (Weatherley, A.H. & Gill, H.S., ed.), pp. 209-242. Orlando, usa: Academic Press.

Casselman, J.M. 1990. Growth and relative size of calcified structures of fish. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 119, 673-688.

Casselman, J.M. 1996. Age, growth and environmental requirements of pike, Esox lucius. In Pike: biology and exploitation (Craig, J., ed.), pp. 69-101. London, uk: Chapman and Hall.

Casselman, J.M. & Scott, K.A. 2000. A general procedures manual for csages-Calcified Structure Age-Growth data Extraction Software (Version 5.2). Special Publication of the Glenora Fisheries Station.omnr, Picton, Ontario, Canada, 90 p.

Cassie, R.M. 1954. Some use of probability paper in the analysis of size frequency distributions. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 5, 513-522.

Castanet, J., Gasc, J.P., Meunier, F. & Ricqlès, A. (de) 1970. Calcium et nature des zones de croissance cycliques dans l’os des Vertébrés poïkilothermes. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences 270(D), 2853-2856.

Castanet, J., Meunier, F., Bergot, C. & François, Y. 1975. Données préliminaires sur les structures histologiques du squelette de Latimeria chalumnae. I-Dents, écailles, rayons de nageoires. In Coll. Inter. cnrs, « Problèmes actuels de Paléontologie. Evolution des Vertébrés », Paris, 4-9 Juin 1973, 1 (cnrs, ed.), pp. 159-168. Paris, France : cnrs.

Castanet, J., Meunier, F. & Ricqlès, A. (de) 1977. L’enregistrement de la croissance cyclique par le tissu osseux chez les Vertébrés poïkilothermes : données comparatives et essai de synthèse. Bulletin Biologique de France et de Belgique 111, 183-202.

Castanet, J. 1981. Nouvelles données sur les lignes cimentantes de l’os. Archives de Biologie 92, 1-24.

Castanet, J. & Naulleau, J. 1985. La squelettochronologie chez les Reptiles. IL Résultats expérimentaux sur la signification des marques de croissance squelettiques chez les Serpents. Remarques sur la croissance et la longévités de la vipère aspic. Annales Scientifiques Nationales de Zoologie 7, 41-62.

Castanet, J., Francillon-Vieillot, H. & Meunier, F.J. 1992. Squelettochronologie à partir des os et des dents chez les Vertébrés. In Tissus durs et Age individuel des Vertébrés (Baglinière, J.L., Castanet, J., Conand, F. & Meunier, F.J., ed.), pp. 257-280. Paris, France : Collection Colloques et Séminaires orstom/inra.

Castanet, J., Francillon-Vieillot, H., Meunier, F.J. & Ricqlès, A. (de) 1993. Bone and individual aging. In Bone (Hall, B.K., ed.), pp. 245-283. New York, usa: c.r.c. Press.

Casteels, R.W. 1974. Growth rate of Ptychocheilus grandis (Ayres) in central California, 4000-1600 years ago. Wasmann Journal of Biology 32, 281-296.

Castonguay, M., Simard, P. & Gagnon, P. 1991. Usefulness of Fourier analysis of otolith shape for Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) stock discrimination. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 48, 296-302.

Cayré, P. & Diouf, T. 1980. Croissance de la thonine Euthynnus alletteratus (Rafinesque, 1810), établie à partir de coupes transversales du premier rayon de la nageoire dorsale. Centre de Recherches Océanographiques, Dakar-Thiaroye, Sénégal, Documents Scientifiques 75, 1-18.

Cayré, P.M. & Diouf, T. 1983. Estimating age and growth of little tunny, Euthynnus alletteratus, off the coast of Senegal, using dorsal fin spine sections. In Proceedings of the international workshop on age determination of oceanic pelagic fishes: Tunas, Billfishes, and Sharks (Prince, E.D. & Pulos, L.M., ed.), pp. 105-110, noaa Technical Report nmfs 8.

CEC, 1987. Assessment of technical interactions in mixed fisheries. Commission of the European Communities, Internal Information on Fisheries 15, 75.

Chambers, R.C. & Leggett, W.C. 1987. Size and age at metamorphosis in marine fishes : an analysis of laboratory-reared winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanas) with a review of variation in other species. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44,1936-1947.

Chambers, R.C. & Miller, T.J. 1995. Evaluating fish growth by means of otolith increment analysis: special properties of individual-level longitudinal data. In Recent developments in fish otolith research (Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 155-174. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Chang, N.Y.B. 1982. A statistical method for evaluating the reproductibility of age determination. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39, 1208-1210.

Charlesworth, B. 1994. Evolution in age-structured populations. Cambridge, uk: University Press.

Chesney, E.J., McKee, B.M., Blanchard, T. & Chan, L.H. 1998. Chemistry of otoliths from juvenile menhaden Brevoortia patronus: evaluating strontium, strontium: calcium and strontium isotope ratios as environmental indicators. Marine Ecology Progress Series 171, 261-273.

Choat, J.H. & Axe, L.M. 1996. Growth and longevity in acanthurid fishes: an analysis of otolith increments. Marine Ecology Progress Series 134, 15-26.

Chung, K.C. & Woo, N.Y.S. 1999. Age and growth by scale analysis of Pomacanthus imperator (Teleostei: Pomacanthidae) from Dongsha Islands, Southern China. Environmental Biology of Fishes 55, 399-412.

Clear, N.P, Gunn, J.S. & Rees, A.J. 2000. Direct validation of annual increments in the otoliths of juvenile Southern bluefin tuna, Thunnus maccoyii, by means of a large-scale mark-recapture experiment with strontium chloride. Fishery Bulletin 98, 25-40.

Clerc, W. 1927. Étude de la périodicité de croissance d’après les plans isodynamiques des os. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 34, 477-496.

Cocquerez, J.P. & Philipp, S. 1995. Analyse d’images : filtrage et segmentation. Paris, France : Masson.

Compean Jiménez, G. & Bard, F.X. 1980. Utilisation de la squelettochronologie chez les Thunidés. Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France 105, 329-336.

Conser, R.J. 1994. Stock assessment methods designed to support fishery management in data-limited environments: development and application. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Washington, Seattle WA, 292 p.

Cook, E.R. & Kairiukstis, L.A. 1990. Methods of dendrochronology: applications in the environmental sciences. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Cook, R.C. & Guthrie, I. 1987. In-season stock identification of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) using scale pattern recognition. In International Sockeye Salmon Symposium - Sockeye ‘85 (Smith, H.D., Margolis, L. & Wood, C.C., ed.), pp. 327-334, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Ottawa, Ontario (Canada).

Cooley, H.M. & Klaverkamp, J.F. 2000. Accumulation and distribution of dietary uranium in lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis). Aquatic Toxicology 48, 477-494.

Coster, M. & Chermant, J.L. 1989. Précis d'analyse d’image. Paris, France : Presse du cnrs.

Coutant, C.C. & Chen, C.H. 1993. Strontium microstructure in scales of freshwater and estuarine striped bass (Morone saxatilis) detected by laser ablation mass spectrometry. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50, 1318-1323.

Coyne, R., Hiney, M., O’Connor, B., Kerry, J., Cazabon, D. & Smith, P. 1994. Concentration and persistence of oxytetracycline in sediments under a marine salmon farm. Aquaculture 123, 31-42.

Crabtree, R.E., Cyr, E.C. & Dean, J.M. 1995. Age and growth of tarpon, Megalops atlanticus, from south Florida waters. Fishery Bulletin 93, 619-628.

Craig, H. 1957. Isotopic standards for carbon and oxygen and correction factors for mass spectrometric analysis of carbon dioxide. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 12, 133-149.

Craig, H. 1965. The measurement of oxygen isotope paleotemperatures. In Conference on stable isotopes in oceanographic studies and paleo-temperatures ed.), pp. 3-24, Proceedings of the Spoleto Conference on Stable Isotopes in Oceanographic Studies of Paleotemperatures.

Crawford, S., Coleman, W.S. & Porak, W.F. 1989. Time of annulus formation in otoliths of Florida largemouth bass. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 9, 231-233.

Crecco, V. & Savoy, T. 1987. Effects of climatic and density-dependent factors on intra-annual mortality of larval American shad. In American Fisheries Society Symposium Series 10th Annual Larval Fish Conference. Proceedings of a conference held in Miami, Florida, usa, May 18-23, 1986 (Hoyt, R.D., ed.), pp. 69-81, American Fisheries Society.

Crenshaw, M.A. 1982. Mechanisms of normal biological mineralization of calcium carbonates. In Biological mineralization and demineralization (Nancollas, G.H., ed.), pp. 243-257. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer-Verlag.

Crichton, M.I. 1935. Scale-absorption in salmon and sea trout. Annual Report of the Fishery Board of Scotland 4, 1-8.

Cunningham, M.A. 1905. Zones of growth in the skeletal structures of Gadidae and Pleuronectidae. Annual Report of the Fishery Board of Scotland 23, 125-140.

Daan, N. 1987. Multispecies versus single-species assessment of North Sea fish stocks. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44 (Suppl. 2), 360-370.

Daan, N. & Sissenwine, M.P.1991. Multispecies models relevant to management of living resources. Academic Press, London, uk: ices Marine Science Symposia, 193.

Dabrowski, K. & Tsukamoto, K. 1986. Tetracycline tagging in coregonid embryos and larvae. Journal of Fish Biology 29, 691-698.

Daget, J. & Le Guen, J.C. 1975. Les critères d’âge chez les Poissons. In Problèmes d’Écologie : la démographie des populations de Vertébrés (Lamotte, M. & Bourlière, F., ed.), pp. 253-289. Paris, France : Masson.

Dahl, K. 1907. The scales of rhe herring as a mean of determining age growth and migration. Report of Norwegian Fisheries and Marine Investigations, Bergen 2, 1-36.

Dahl, K. 1911. Age and growth of the salmon and trout in Norway. London, uk.

Dale, T. 1976. The labyrinthine mechanoreceptor organs of the cod Gadus morhua L. (Teleostei: Gadidae). A scanning electron microscopical study with special reference to the morphological polarization of the macular sensory cells. Norwegian Journal of Zoology 24, 85-128.

Dannevig, E.H. 1956. Chemical composition of the zones in cod otoliths. Journal du Conseil permanent international pour l’exploration de la mer 21, 156-159.

Das, M. 1994. Age determination and longevity in Fishes. Gerontology 40, 70-96.

Davey, R.J., Maginn, S.J., Andrews, S.S., Buckley, A.M., Cottier, D., Demsey, P, Rout, J.E., Stanley, D.R. & Taylor, A. 1993. Stabilization of a metastable crystalline phase by twinning. Nature 366, 248-250.

Davies, E.R. 2000. Machine vision: theory, algorithms, practicalities (3rd edition). London, uk: Academic Press.

Davis, T.L.O. & Kirkwood, G.P. 1984. Age and growth studies on barramundi, Lates calcarifer (Bloch), in northern Australia. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 35, 673-689.

De Bont, A.F. 1967. Some aspects of age and growth of fish in temperate and tropical waters. In The biological basis of freshwater fish production (Gerking, S.D., ed.), pp. 67-88. Oxford, uk: Blackwell Scientific Publications.

Manuel de sclérochronologie des poissons Deelder, C.L. & Willemse, J.J. 1973. Age determination in freshwater Teleosts, based on annular structures in fin-rays. Aquaculture 1, 365-371.

Degens, E.T., Deuser, W.G. & Haedrich, R.L. 1969. Molecular structure and composition of fish otoliths. Marine Biology 2, 105-113.

Desaunay, Y., Guérault, D. & Lecomte-Finiger, R. 1996. Variation of the oceanic larval migration of Anguilla anguilla (L.) glass eels from a two-year study in the Vilaine Estuary (France). Archives for Polar Fisheries 4, 195-210.

Desse, G., Meunier, F.J., Peron, M. & Laroche, J. 1981. Hyperostose vertébrale chez l’animal. Rhumatologie 33, 105-119.

Desse, G. & Desse, J. 1983. L'identification des vertèbres de poissons ; applications au matériel issu de sites archéologiques et paléontologiques. Archives des Sciences 36, 291-296.

Devereux, I. 1967. Temperature measurements from oxygen isotopes ratios of fish otoliths. Science 155, 1684-1685.

Doering, P. 1991. Population Dynamics of Bream Abramis-Brama L. and Eel Anguilla-Anguilla L. in Lake Tegel of Berlin growth and population density. Zoologischer Beitrage 34, 185-239.

Dove, S.G., Gillanders, B.M. & Kingsford, M.J. 1996. An investigation of chronological differences in the deposition of trace metals in the otoliths of two temperate reef fishes. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 205, 15-33.

Dove, S.G. & Kingsford, M.J. 1998. Use of otoliths and eye lenses for measuring trace-metal incorporation in fishes: a biogeographic study. Marine Biology 130, 377-387.

Driesch, A.V.D. 1994. Hyperostoses in fish. In Fish exploitation in the past (Van Neer, W., ed.), pp. 47-53. Tervuren, Belgique : Annales du Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Sciences Zoologiques.

Druffel, E.M. & Linick, T.W. 1978. Radiocarbon in annual coral rings of Florida. Geophysical Research Letters 5, 913-916.

Dunkelberger, D.G., Dean, J.M. & Watabe, N. 1980. The ultrastructure of the otolithic membrane and otolith in the juvenile mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus. Journal of Morphology 163, 367-377.

Dutta, H. 1994. Growth in Fishes. Gerontology 40, 97-112.

Eales, J.G., Hughes, M. & Vin, L. 1981. Effect of food intake on diel variation in plasma thyroid leveis in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. General and Comparative Endocrinology 45, 167-174.

Eckmann, R. & Rey, P. 1987. Daily increments on the otoliths of larval and juvenile Coregonus spp., and their modification by environmental factors. Flydrobiologia 148, 137-143.

Edeyer, A., Pontual, H. (de), Payan, R, Troadec, H., Severe, A. & Mayer Gostan, N. 2000. Daily variations of the saccular endolymph and plasma compositions in the turbot Psetta maxima: relationship with the diurnal rhythm in otolith formation. Marine Ecology Progress Series 192, 287-294.

Edmonds, J.S., Moran, M.J., Caputi, N. & Morita, M. 1989. Trace element analysis of fish sagittae as an aid to stock identification: Pink snapper (Chryosphrys auratus) in Western Australian waters. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46, 50-54.

Edmonds, J.S., Caputi, N. & Morita, M. 1991. Stock discrimination by trace-element analysis of otoliths of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus), a deep-water marine Teleost. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 42, 383-389.

Edmonds, J.S., Lenanton, R.C.J., Caputi, N. & Morita, M. 1992. Trace elements in the otoliths of yellow-eye mullet (Aldrichetta forsteii) as an aid to stock identification. Fisheries Research 13, 39-51.

Edmonds, J.S., Caputi, N., Moran, M.J., Fletcher, W.J. & Morita, M. 1995. Population discrimination by variation in concentrations of minor and trace elements in sagittae of two western Australia teleosts. In Recent developments in fish otolith research (Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 655-670. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Edmonds, J.S., Steckis, R.A., Moran, M.J., Caputi, N. & Morita, M. 1999. Stock delineation of pink snapper and tailor from Western Australia by analysis of stable isotope and strontium/calcium ratios in otolith carbonate. Journal of Fish Biology. 55, 243-259.

EFAN. 1998. Establishment of a digital image reference database. In efan Report 3/1998 (Troadec, H., ed.), efan, pp. 1-42.

efan. 1999. Computer-assisted age reading. In efan Report 2/1999 (Troadec, H. & Lordan, C., ed.), efan, pp. 1-32.

efan. 2000. Use of digital tools for exchanging annotated images of calcified structures. In efan Report 8/2000 (Troadec, H., ed.), efan, pp. 1-11.

Elfman, M., Limburg, K.E., Kristiansson, P, Malmqvist, K. & Pallon, J. 1999. Application of micro-pixe to fish life history analyses: trace element analysis of otoliths. Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B: Beam interactions with materials and atoms 150 (1-4), 272-276.

Ellison, S.L.R., Rosslein, M., Williams, A. & coll. 2000. Quantifying Uncertainty in Analytical Measurement.eurachem/citac Guide.

Eltink, A. & Kuiter, CJ. 1989. Validation of ageing techniques on otoliths of horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus L.). ices cm 1989/H:43, 15 p.

Eltink, A.T.G.W., Newton, A.W., Morgado, C., Santamaria, M.T.G. & Modin, J. 2000. Guidelines and tools for age reading comparisons. efan Report 3, 56 p.

Eltink, G. 1994. Comparison of otolith readings. Working document for the workshop on sampling strategies for age at maturity. ices, Copenhagen, Denmark, 36 p.

Eltink, G. 1997. Horse-mackerel otolith exchange in 1996. ices c.m., 1997/H:24, 30 p.

English, T.S. 1952. Growth studies of carp Cyprinus carpio L. in Clear Lake, Iowa. Iowa State Journal of Sciences 24, 527-540.

Enlow, D.H. 1963. Principies of bone remodelling. Springfield, Illinois, usa: Charles C. Thomas.

Ennevor, B.C. & Beames, R.M. 199.3. Use of lanthanide elements to mass mark juvenile salmonids. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50, 1039-1044.

Ennevor, B.C. 1994. Mass marking coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, fry with lanthanum and cerium. Fishery Bulletin 92, 471-473.

Epstein, S., Buchsbaum, R., Lowenstam, H.A. & Urey, H.C. 1951. Carbonate-water isotopic temperature scale. Geological Society of America Bulletin 62, 417-425.

Epstein, S., Buchsbaum, R., Lowestam, H.A. & Urey, H.C. 1953. Revised carbonate-water isotopic temperature scale. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 64, 1315-1326.

Esdaile, RC. 1912. Intensive study of the scales of three specimens of Salmo salar. Memoirs and Proceedings, Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society 56, 3.

Estep, K.W., Nedreaas, K.H. & MacIntyre, F. 1995. Computer image enhancement and presentation of otoliths. In Recent developments in fish otolith research (Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 303-318. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Estep, M.L.F. & Vigg, S. 1985. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope tracers of trophic dynamics in natural populations and fisheries of the Lahontan Lake System, Nevada. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42, 1712-1719.

Fabre, N.N. & Saint-Paul, U. 1998. Annulus formation on scales and seasonal growth of the Central Amazonian anostomid Schizodon fasciatus. Journal of Fish Biology 53, 1-11.

Fallon-Cousins, P. 1999. Relationships between otolith accretion, metabolism and somatic growth in three species of Teleosts: Atlantic salmon, haddock, pike. PhD Thesis, Aberdeen University, 175 p.

Farrell, J. & Campana, S.E. 1996. Regulation of calcium and strontium deposition on the otoliths of juvenile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 115A, 103-109.

Fawel, J.K. 1974. The use of image analysis in the ageing of fish. In The ageing of Fish (Bagenal, T.B., ed.), pp. 103-107. London, uk : Unwin Brothers Ltd.

Fay, R.R. 1980. The goldfish ear codes the axis of acoustic particle motion in three dimension. Science 225, 951-963.

Fenton, G.F., Ritz, D.A. & Short, S.A. 1990. Super(210)Pb/super(226)Ra disequilibria in otoliths of blue grenadier, Macruronus novaezelandiae ; Problems associated with radiometric ageing. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 41, 467-473.

Fenton, G.E., Ritz, D.A. & Short, S.A. 1992. Ageing fish using radionuclide analysis. In The measurement of age and growth in fish and shellfish (Flancock, D.A., ed.), pp. 113-115, Canberra,-A.C.T.-Australia Bureau of Rural Resources.

Ferron, A. & Leggett, W.C. 1994. An appraisal of condition measures for marine fish larvae. Advances in Marine Biology 30, 217-303.

Fiksen, 0. & Folkvord, A. 1999. Modelling growth and ingestion processes in herring larvae (Clupea harengus L.). Marine Ecology Progress Series 184, 273-289.

Fletcher, W.J. 1991. A test of the relationship between otolith weight and age for the pilchard Sardinops neopilchardus. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 48, 35-38.

Folkvord, A. 1997. Ontogeny of cannibalism in larval and juvenile fish with special emphasis on Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua L. In Early life history and recruitment in fish populations (Chambers, R.C. & Trippel, E.A., ed.), pp. 335-366. London, uk: Chapman and Hall Ltd.

Folkvord, A., Blom, G., Johannessen, A. & Moksness, E. 2000. Growth-dependent age estimation in herring (Clupea harengus L.) larvae. Fisheries Research 46, 91-103.

Fossum, R, Kalish, J. & Moksness, E. 2000. Special issue: 2nd International Symposium on Fish Otolith Research and Application, Bergen, Norway, 20-25 June 1998. Fisheries Research 46, 373p.

Fouda, M.M. 1979. Studies on scale structure in the common goby Pomatoschistus microps Kroyer. Journal of Fish Biology 15, 173-183.

Fowler, A.J. 1990. Validation of annual growth increments in the otoliths of a small, tropical coral reef fish. Marine Ecology Progress Series 64, 25-38.

Fowler, A.J. & Doherty, P.J. 1992. Validation of annual growth increments in the otoliths of two species of damselfish from the Southern Great Barrier Reef. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 43, 1057-1068.

Fowler, A.J., Campana, S.E., Jones, C.M. & Thorrold, S.R. 1995. Experimental assessment of the effect of temperature and salinity on elemental composition of otoliths using laser ablation ICP-MS. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, 1431-1441.

Francillon-Vieillot, H., de Buffrénil, V., Castanet, J., Géraudie, J., Meunier, F.J., Sire, J.Y., Zylberberg, L. & Ricqlès, A. (de) 1990. Microstructure and mineralization of the Vertebrate skeletal tissues. In Skeletal biomineralization: patterns, processes and evolutionary trends (Carter, J.G., ed.), pp. 471-530. New York, usa: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

Francis, M.R & Mulligan, K.P. 1998. Age and growth of New Zealand school shark, Galeorhinus galeus. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 32, 427-440.

Francis, R.I.C.C. 1990. Back-calculation of fish length: a criticai review. Journal of Fish Biology 36, 883-902.

Francis, R.I.C.C. 1995a. The analysis of otolith data: a mathematician’s perspective (What, precisely, is your model?). In Recent developments in fish otolith research (Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 81-95. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Francis, R.I.C.C. 1995b. The problem of specifying otolith-mass growth parameters in the radiometric estimation of fish age using whole otoliths. Marine Biology 124, 169-176.

Francis, R.I.C.C. & Horn, P.L. 1997. Transition zone in otoliths of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) and its relationship to the onset of maturity. Marine Biology 129, 681-687.

Francis, R.I.C.C. & Shotton, R. 1997. “Risk” in fisheries managemanagement: a review. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54, 1699-1715.

Friedland, K.D. & Reddin, D.G. 1994. Use of otolith morphology in stock discriminations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51, 91-98.

Friedland, K.D., Reddin, D.G., Shimizu, N., Haas, R.E. & Youngson, A.F. 1998. Strontiumxalcium ratios in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) otoliths and observations on growth and maturation. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55, 1158-1168.

Friedman, I. & O’Neill, J.R. 1977. Compilation of stable isotope fractionation factors of geochemical interest. In Data of Geochemistry (Fleischer, M., ed.), pp. 12. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper.

Fuiman, L.A. & Hoff, G.R. 1995. Natural variation in elemental composition of sagittae from red drum. Journal of Fish Biology 47, 940-955.

Gallahar, N.K. & Kingsford, M.J. 1996. Factors influencing Sr/Ca ratios in otoliths of Girella elevata : an experimental investigation. Journal of Fish Biology 48, 174-186.

Gallego, A., Heath, M.R., Basfrod, D.J. & MacKenzie, B.R. 1999. Variability in growth rates of larval haddock in the northern North Sea. Fisheries Oceanography 8, 77-92.

Ganter, P. & Jolies, G. 1969. Histochimie normale et pathologie. Paris, France : Gauthiers-Villars.

Gao, Y.W. & Beamish, R J. 1999. Isotopic composition of otoliths as a Chemical tracer in population identification of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, 2062-2068.

Garrod, D.J. 1959. The growth of Tilapia esculenta Graham in Lake Victoria. Hydrobiologia 12, 268-298.

Gartner, J.V. (Jr.) 1991. Life histories of three species of lanternfishes (Pisces: Myctophidae) from the eastern Gulf of Mexico. 1. Morphological and microstructural analysis of sagittal otoliths. Marine Biology 111, 11-20.

Gauldie, R.W. 1986. Vaterite otoliths from chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytschd). New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 20, 209-217.

Gauldie, R.W. 1987. The fine structure of check rings in the otolith of the New Zealand orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus). New ZealandJournal of Marine and Freshwater Research 21, 267-274.

Gauldie, R.W. & Nelson, D.G.A. 1988. Aragonite twinning and neuroprotein secretion are the cause of daily growth rings in fish otoliths. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 90A, 501-509.

Gauldie, R.W. 1990. Phase differences between check ring locations in the orange roughy otolith (Hoplostethus atlanticus). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 47, 760-765.

Gauldie, R.W. & Nelson, D.G.A. 1990a. Interactions between crystal ultrastructure and microincrement layers in fish otoliths. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 97 A, 449-459.

Gauldie, R.W. & Nelson, D.G.A. 1990b. Otolith growth in fishes. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 97A, 119-135.

Gauldie, R.W. 1991. The morphology and periodic structures of the otolith of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), and temperature-dependent variation in otolith microscopic growth increment width. Acta Zoologica 72, 159-179.

Gauldie, R.W. 1993. Continuous and discontinuous growth in the otolith of Macruronus novaezelandiae (Merluccidae: Teleostei). Journal of Morphology 216, 271-294.

Gauldie, R.W., Kellermann, A., Radtke, R. & Sharma, S. 1993. On the evolution of the crystalline structure of catfish otoliths. Cybium 17, 299-326.

Gauldie, R.W., Thacker, C.E. & Merrett, N.R. 1994. Oxygen and carbon isotope variations in the otoliths of Beryx splendens and Coryphaenoides profundicolus. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 108A, 153-159.

Gauldie, R.W. & Xhie, J. 1995. Atomic force microscopy of the morphology of the matrix and mineral components of the otolith of Hyperoglyphe antarctica. Journal of Morphology 223, 203-214.

Gauldie, R.W. 1996. Biological factors controlling the carbon-isotope record in fish otoliths. Principies and evidence. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 115B, 201-208.

Gauldie, R.W. & Coote, G.E. 1997. Diffusion of the cacodylate (dimethylarsinic acid) ion into the otolith of Hoplostethus atlanticus. Fisheries Science 63, 486-487.

Gauldie, R.W., Sharma, S.K. & Volk, E. 1997. Micro-raman spectral study of vaterite and aragonite otoliths of the coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 118A, 753-757.

Gauldie, R.W. & Cremer, M.D. 1998. Loss of super(222)Rn from otoliths of orange roughy, Hoplostethus atlanticus, invalidates old ages. Fisheries Science 64, 543-546.

Geffen, A.J. 1982. Otolith ring deposition in relation to growth rate in herring (Clupea harengus) and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae. Marine Biology 71, 317-326.

Geffen, A.J. 1983. The deposition of otolith rings in Atlantic salmon. Salmo salar L., embryos. Journal of Fish Biology 23, 467-474.

Geffen, A.J. 1987. Methods of validating daily increment deposition in otoliths of larval fish. In The age and growth of fish (Summerfelt, R.C. & Hall, G.E., ed.), pp. 223-240. Ames, Iowa, usa: The Iowa State University Press.

Geffen, A.J. 1992. Validation of otolith increment deposition rate. In Otolith microstructure examination and analysis (Stevenson, D. K. & Campana, S. E., ed.), pp. 101-113. Ottawa, Canada: Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.

Geffen, A.J. & Nash, R.D.M. 1995. Periodicity of otolith check formation in juvenile plaice, Pleuronectes platessa L. In Recent developments in fish otolith research (Secor, D.H., Dean, J. M. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 65-73. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Geffen, A.J., Pearce, N.J.G. & Perkins, W.T. 1998. Metal concentrations in fish otoliths in relation to body composition after laboratory exposure to mercury and lead. Marine Ecology Progress Series 165, 235-245.

Giardina, F.P. & Kuhl, C.R. 1977. Elliptic Fourier features of a closed contour. Computer Graphics and Image Processing 18, 236-248.

Giraud, M.M., Castanet, J., Meunier, F.J. & Bouligand, Y. 1978. The fibrous structure of coelacanth scales: a twisted “plywood”. Tissue and Cell 10, 671-686.

Giraud-Guille, M.M. 1988. Twisted plywood architecture of collagen fibrils in human compact bone osteons. Calcified Tissue International 42, 167-180.

Gjosaeter, J., Dayaratne, R, Bergstad, O.A., Gjosaeter, H., Sousa, M.I. & Beck, I.M. 1984. Ageing tropical fish by growth rings in the otoliths. Rome, Italy: FAO Fisheries Circular 776.

Glimcher, M.J. 1 998. The nature of the minerai phase in bone: biological and clinicai implications. In Metabolic bone diseuse and clinically related disorders (Avioli, L.A. & Krane, S.M., ed.), pp. 23-50. New York, usa: Academic Press.

Glowacki, J., Cox, K.A., O'Sullivan, J., Wilkie, D. & Deftos, L.J. 1986. Osteoclasts can be induced in fish having an acellular bony skeleton. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the usa 83, 4104-4107.

Gonzalez, R.C. & Wintz, R 1987. Digital image Processing (2nd Edition). Addison-Wesley, usa.

Goodrich, E.S. 1907. On the scales of fish living and extinct, and their importance in classification. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 2, 751-774.

Gordon, J.D.M. & Swan, S.C. 1996. Validation of age readings from otoliths of juvenile roundnose grenadier, Coryphaenoides rupestris, a deep-water macrourid fish. Journal of Fish Biology 49(Suppl. A), 289-297.

Goss, R.J. 1994. Why study ageing in cold-vertebrates? Gerontology 40, 65-69.

Goulding, M. 1980. The fishes and the forest. Berkeley, usa: University of California Press.

Grady, J.R., Johnson, A.G. & Sanders, M. 1989. Heavy metal content in otoliths of King Mackerel (Scomberomorus cavalla) in relation to body length and age. Contributions in Marine Science 31, 17-23.

Graham, C.M., Valley, J.W. & Winter, B.L. 1996. Ion microprobe analysis of 0-18/0-16 in authigenic and detrital quartz in the St Peter Sandstone, Michigan Basin and Wisconsin Arch, usa: Contrasting diagenetic histories. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 60, 5101-5116.

Graham, M. 1929. Studies of age-determination in fish. Part II - A survey of the literature. Fishery Investigations XI (1928), Series II, 1-50.

Grassé, PP. 1958. L’oreille et ses annexes. In Traité de Zoologie. Anatomie, systématique, biologie. Tome XIII (1). Agnathes et Poissons : anatomie, éthologie, systématique (Grassé, PP, ed.), pp. 1061-1098. Paris, France : Masson.

Gronkjaer, P & Schytte, M. 1999. Non-random mortality of Baltic cod larvae inferred from otolith hatch-check sizes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 181,53-59.

Grossman, E.L. & Ku, T. 1986. Oxygen and carbon isotope fractionation in biogenic aragonite: temperature effects. Chemical Geology 59, 59-74.

Gruber, S.H. & Stout, R.G. 1983. Biological materiais for the study of age and growth in a tropical Elasmobranch, the lemon shark, Negaprion brevirostris (Poey). In Proceedings of the international workshop on age determination of oceanic pelagic fishes: Tunas, Billfishes, and Sharks (Prince, E.D. & Pulos, L.M., ed.), pp. 193-205, noaa Technical Report nmfs 8.

Guénette, S., Lauck, T. & Clark, C. 1998. Marine reserves: from Beverton and Holt to the present. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 8, 251-272.

Guillou, A. & de-la-Nouee, J. 1987. Use of strontium as a nutritional marker for farm-reared brook trout. Progressive Fish Culturist 49, 34-39.

Gunn, J.S., Harrowfield, I.R., Proctor, C.H. & Thresher, R.E. 1992. Electron probe microanalysis of fish otoliths: evaluation of techniques for studying age and stock discrimination. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 158, 1-36.

Gutiérrez, E. & Morales-Nin, B. 1986. Time series analysis of daily growth in Dicentrarchus labrax L. otoliths. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 103, 163-179.

Halden, N.M., Babaluk, J.A., Campbell, J.L. & Teesdale, W.J. 1995. Scanning proton microprobe analysis of strontium in an Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, otolith: implications for the interpretation of anadromy. Environmental Biology of Fishes 43, 333-339.

Halden, N.M., Mejia, S.R., Babaluk, J.A., Reist, J.D., Kristofferson, A.H., Campbell, J.L. & Teesdale, W.J. 2000. Oscillatory zinc distribution in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) otoliths: the resuit of biology or environment. Fisheries Research 46, 289-298.

Haies, L.S. & Hurley, D.H. 1991. Validation of daily increment formation in the otoliths of juvenile silver perch, Bairdiella chrysoura. Estuaries 14, 199-206.

Hall, D.L. 1991. Age validation and aging methods for stunted brook trout. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 120, 644-649.

Hamrin, S.F., Arneri, E., Doering Arjes, P, Mosegaard, H., Patwardhan, A., Sasov, A., Schatz, M., van Dyck, D., Wickstrom, H. & van Heel, M. 1999. A new method for three-dimensional otolith analysis. Journal of Fish Biology 54, 223-225.

Haralick, R.M. & Shapiro, L.G. 1992. Computer and robot vision. Reading, ma: Addison-Wesley, usa.

Hare, J.A. & Cowen, R.K. 1995. Effect of age, growth rate, and ontogeny on the otolith size - fish size relationship in bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix, and the implications for back-calculation of size in fish early life history stages. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, 1909-1922.

Hare, J.A. & Cowen, R.K. 1997. Size, growth, development, and survival of the planktonic larvae of Pomatomus saltatrix (Pisces: Pomatomidae). Ecology 78, 2415-2431.

Haskell, W.L. 1949. An investigation of the possibility of determining the age of sharks through annuli as shown in cross sections of vertebrae. Annual Report of the Marine Laboratory Texas Game Fish Commission, 212-217.

Hasselblad, V. 1966. Estimation of parameters for a mixture of normal distributions. Technometrics 8, 434-444.

Heath, M.R. 1992. Field investigations of the early life stages of marine fish. Advances in Marine Biology 28, 1-133.

Hecht, T. 1979. The value of otoliths in fresh water fisheries biology and taxonomy. Publications of the University of the North, Series A, 19, 17 p.

Hederström, H. 1759. Rön an Fiskars Aider. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, (Stockholm) 20, 222-229.

Heincke, F. 1904. Das Vorkommen und die Verbreitung der Eier der Larven und der verschiedenen Alterstufen der Nutzfische in der Nordsee. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions du Conseil international pour l’exploration de la mer 3, 1-41.

Heincke, F. 1908. Die Alterbestimmung der Fische. Beteiligung Deutschlands an der internationalen Meeresforschung, Berlin 4-5, 66-155.

Hendricks, M.L., Bender, T.R.J. & Mudrak, V.A. 1991. Multiple marking of American shad otoliths with tetracycline antibiotics. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 11, 212-219.

Herring, G.M. 1972. The organic matrix of bone structure. In The biochemistry and physiology of bone. Vol. 1: Structure (Bourne, G.H., ed.), pp. 128-189. New York, usa: Academic Press.

Hettler, W.F. 1984. Marking otoliths by immersion of marine fish larvae in tetracycline. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 113, 370-373.

Hilborn, R. & Walters, C.J. 1992. Quantitative fisheries stock assessment: choice, dynamics anduncertainty. New York, usa: Chapman & Hall, Inc.

Hilborn, R., Pikitch, E.K. & Francis, R.C. 1993. Current trends in including risk and uncertainty in stock assessment and harvest decisions. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50, 847-880.

Hjort, J. 1914. Fluctuations in the great fisheries of northern Europe viewed in light of biological research. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions du Conseil international pour l’exploration de la mer 19, 1-228.

Hobson, K.A. 1999. Tracing origins and migration of wildlife using stable isotopes: a review. Oecologia 120, 314-326.

Hoedt, F.E. 1992. Validation of daily growth increments in otoliths from Thryssa aestuaria (Ogilby), a tropical anchovy from Northern Australia. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 43, 1043-1050.

Hoei, H.I. 1997. Maternai, parental and temperature effects on otolith size of young herrings (Clupea harengus L.) larvae: an experimental study. PhD Thesis, University of Bergen, 83 p.

Hoening, J.M. & Walsh, A.H. 1982. The occurrence of cartilage canais in shark vertebrae. Canadian Journal of Zoology 60, 483-485.

Hoenig, J.M., Morgan, M.J. & Brown, C.A. 1995. Analysing differences between two age determination methods by test of symmetry. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, 364-368.

Hoff, G.R. & Fuiman, L.A. 1993. Morphometry and composition of red drum otoliths: changes associated with temperature, somatic growth rate, and age. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 106A, 209-219.

Hoff, G.R. & Fuiman, L.A. 1995. Environmentally induced variation in elemental composition of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) otoliths. Bulletin of Marine Science 56, 578-591 Hoffbauer, C. 1898. Die Alterbestimmung des Karpfen an seiner Schuppe. Allgemeine Fischerei-Zeitung 23, 341-34.3.

Hoffbauer, C. 1900. Die Alterbesdmmung des Karpfen an seiner Schuppe. Allgemeine Fischerei-Zeitung 25, 135-139; 150-156; 297.

Hoffbauer, C. 1905. Weitere Beiträge zur Alter-und Wachstumsbestimmung der Fische, spez. des Karpfens. Zeitschrift für Fischerei 12, 111-142.

Holden, M.J. & Meadows, P.S. 1962. The structure of the spine of the spurdog fish (Squalus acanthias L.) and its use for age determination. Journal of the Marine Biology Association,uk 42, 179-197.

Holden, M.J. & Vince, M.R. 1973. Age validation studies on the centra of Raja clavata using tetracycline. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions du Conseil international pour l’exploration de la mer 35, 13-17.

Hopkins, C.C.E., Nyholmen, O. & Solheim, L. 1986. Qualitative and quantitative models relating otolith zone deposition to growth and condition in sexually mature male and female capelin (Mallotus villosus). Polar Biology 6, 25-36.

Houde, E.D. 1987. Fish early life dynamics and recruitment variability. In American Fisheries Society Symposium Series, 10th Annual Larval Fish Conference. Proceedings of a conference held in Miami, Florida, usa, May 18-23, 1986 (Hoyt, R.D., ed.), pp. 17-29, American Fisheries Society.

Hovenkamp, F. 1992. Growth-dependent mortality of larval plaice Pleuronectes platessa in the North Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series 82, 95-101.

Hughes, D.R., Bassett, J.R. & Moffat, L.A. 1994. Histological identification of osteocytes in the allegedly acellular bone of the sea breams Acanthopagrus australis, Pagrus auratus and Rhabdosargus sarba (Sparidae, Perciformes, Teleostei). Anatomy and Embryology 190, 163-179.

Hureau, J.C. & Ozouf, C. 1977. Détermination de l’âge par scalimétrie et croissance du coelacanthe Latimeria chalumnae Smith, 1939 (Poisson, Crossoptérygien, Coelacanthidé). Cybium 2, 129-137.

Hyndes, G.A., Loneragan, N.R. & Potter, I.C. 1992. Influence of sectioning otoliths on marginal increment trends and age and growth estimates for the flathead Platycephalus speculator. Fishery Bulletin 90, 276-284.

Iacumin, P., Bianucci, G. & Longinelli, A. 1992. Oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of fish otoliths. Marine Biology 1 13, 537-542.

Ices. 1998. Report of the workshop on otolith ageing of North Sea whiting. Ices cm 1998/G: 14, 66p.

ICES. 1999. Report of the Horse Mackerel otolith workshop. Ices cm 1999/G:16, 8p.

Ichiara, T.1963. Photometric method for counting laminae in earplug of baleen whale. Scientific Reports of Whales Rest. Institute 17, 37-48.

Imsland, A.K., Nilsen, T. & Folkvord, A. 1998. Stochastic simulation of size variation in turbot: possible causes analysed with an individual-based model. Journal of Fish Biology 53, 237-258.

Ingram, B.L. & Weber, P.K. 1999. Salmon origin in California’s Sacramento-San Joaquin river System as determined by otolith strontium isotopic composition. Geology 27, 851-854.

Ishiyama, R. 1951. Studies on the rays and skates belonging to the family Rajidae, found in Japan and adjacent regions. 2. On the age determination of Japanese black skate Raja fusca Garman (preliminary report). Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Sciences and Fisheries 16, 112-118.

Itoh, T. & Tsuji, S. 1996. Age and growth of juvenile Southern bluefin tuna Thunnus maccoyii based on otolith microstructure. Fishery Sciences 62, 892-896.

Jacobson, L.D., Lo, N.C.H. & Barnes, J.T.1994. A biomass-based assessment model for northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax. Fishery Bulletin 92, 711-724.

Janvier, P.1996. Early Vertehrates. Oxford, uk: Clarendon Press.

Jearld, A. 1995. Clinic overview: Image analysis systems. In Recent developments in fish otolith research (Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 721-722. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Jearld, A. (Jr.), Sass, S.L. & Davis, M.R 1993. Early growth, behavior, and otolith development of the winter flounder Pleuronectes americanus. Fishery Bulletin 91, 65-75.

Johnson, A.G. 1983. Age and growth of yellowtail snapper from South Florida. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 112, 173-177.

Johnson, A.G. & Saloman, C.H. 1984. Age, growth, and mortality of gray triggerfish, Balistes capriscus, from the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Fishery Bulletin 82, 485-492.

Johnston, H.W. 1905. Scales of the Tay salmon as indicative of age, growth and spawning habit. Annual Report of the Fisheries Board of Scotland 23, 1-63.

Johnston, H.W. 1907. The scales of salmon. Annual Report of the Fishery Board of Scotland 25, 54-65.

Johnston, H.W. 1908. The scales of salmon. Annual Report of the Fishery Board of Scotland 26, 62-64.

Johnston, H.W. 1910. The scales of salmon. Annual Report of the Fishery Board of Scotland 28, 21-24.

Jones, C.M. 2000. Fitting growth curves to retrospective size-at-age data. Fisheries Research 46, 123-129.

June, F.C. & Roithmayr, C.M. 1960. Determining age of Atlantic menhaden from their scales. Fishery Bulletin 60, 323-342.

Junk, W.J. 1985. Temporary fat storage, an adaptation of some fish species to the water level fluctuations and related environmental changes of the Amazon river. Amazoniana 9, 315-351.

Kacem, A., Gustafsson, S. & Meunier, F.J. 2000. Demineralization of the vertebral skeleton in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L., during spawning migration. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 125, 479-484.

Kacem, A. & Meunier, F.J. 2000. Mise en évidence de l’ostéolyse périostéocytaire vertébrale chez le saumon atlantique Salmo salar L. (Salmonidae, Teleostei), au cours de sa migration anadrome. Cybium 24 (3 suppl.), 105-112.

Kaganovskaia, S.M. 1933. Methods for ascertaining the age and composition of the catch of Squalus acanthias L. Vestnik.Dal’nevostochnogo Filiala, Akademya Nauk, SSSR (Vladivostock) 1-3, 139-141.

Kalish, J.M. 1989. Otolith microchemistry: validation of the effects of physiology, age and environment on otolith composition. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 132, 151-178.

Kalish, J.M. 1990. Use of otolith microchemistry to distinguish the progeny of sympatric anadromous and non-anadromous salmonids. Fishery Bulletin 88, 657-666.

Kalish, J.M. 1991a. Determinants of otolith chemistry: seasonal variation in the composition of blood plasma, endolymph, and otoliths of beareded rock cod, Pseudophycis barbattus. Marine Ecology Progress Series 74, 137-159.

Kalish, J.M. 1991b. Super(13)C and super(18)0 isotopic disequilibria in fish otoliths: metabolic and kinetic effects. Marine Ecology Progress Series 75, 191-203.

Kalish, J.M. 1991c. Oxygen and carbon stable isotopes in the otoliths of wild and laboratory-reared Australian salmon (Arripis trutta). Marine Biology 110, 37-47.

Kalish, J.M. 1993. Pre-and post-bomb radiocarbon in fish otoliths. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 114, 549-554.

Kalish, J.M. 1995. Radiocarbon and fish biology. In Recent developments in fish otolith research (Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 637-651. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Kalish, J.M., Beamish, R.J., Brothers, E.B., Casselman, J.M., Francis, C., Mosegaard, H., Panfili, J., Prince, E.D., Thresher, R.E., Wilson, C.A. & Wright, P.J. 1995. Glossary. In Recent developments in fish otolith research (Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 723-729. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Kalish, J.M., Livingston, M.E. & Schofield, K.A. 1996. Trace elements in the otoliths of New Zealand blue grenadier (Macruronus novaezelandiae) as an aid to stock discrimination. Marine and Freshwater Research 47, 537-542.

Kalish, J.M., Johnston, J.M., Smith, D.C., Morison, A.K. & Robertson, S.G. 1997. Use of the bomb radiocarbon chronometer for age validation in the blue grenadier Macruronus novaezelandiae. Marine Biology 128, 557-563.

Karakiri, M. & Westernhagen, H. 1989. Daily growth patterns in otoliths of larval and post-larval plaice (Pleuronectes platessa): influence of temperature, salinity and light conditions. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions du Conseil international pour l’exploration de la mer 191, 376-382.

Karlou Riga, C. 2000. Otolith morphology and age and growth of Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner) in the Eastern Mediterranean. Fisheries Research 46, 69-82.

Kastelle, C.R., Kimura, D.K., Nevissi, A.E. & Gunderson, D.R. 1994. Using Pb-210/Ra-226 disequilibria for sablefish, Anoplopoma fimbria, age validation. Fishery Bulletin 92, 292-301.

Kastelle, C.R., Kimura, D.K. & Jay, S.R. 2000. Using Pb-210/Ra-226 disequilibrium to validate conventional ages in Scorpaenids (genera Sebastes and Sebastolobus). Fisheries Research 46, 299-312.

Kaufmann, K.W. 1981. Fitting and using growth curves. Oecologia (Berlin) 49, 293-299.

Kennedy, B.P., Folt, C.L., Blum, J.D. & Chamberlain, C.P.1997. Natural isotope markers in salmon. Nature 387, 766-767.

Kennedy, B.R, Blum, J.D., Folt, C.L. & Nislow, K.H. 2000. Using natural strontium isotopic signatures as fish markers: methodology and application. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57, 2280-2292.

Kerr, T.1952. The scales of primitive living Actinopterygians. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 122, 55-78.

Kerr, T.1955. The scales of modem lungfish. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 125, 335-345.

Kerry, J., Hiney, M., Coyne, R., Cazabon, D., NicGabhainn, S. & Smith, R 1994. Frequency and distribution of resistance to oxytetracycline in micro-organisms isolated from marine fish farm sediments following therapeutic use of oxytetracycline. Aquaculture 123,43-54.

Key, R.M. 1997. Changes in the Pacific Ocean distribution of radiocarbon. us woce Report 1997. us woce Implementation, us woce Office, College Station, tx, Report Number 9, 5-8.

Kimura, D.K. 1977. Statistical assessment of the age-length key. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 34, 317-324.

Kimura, D.K. & Lyons, J J. 1991. Between-reader bias and variability in the age-determination process. Fishery Bulletin 89, 53-60.

Kimura, D.K. & Kastelle, C.R. 1995. Perspectives on the relationship between otolith growth and the conversion of isotope activity ratios ro fish ages. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, 2296-2303.

Kingsford, M.J. & Atkinson, M.H. 1994. Increments in otoliths and scales: How they relate to the age and early development of reared and wild larval and juvenile Pagrus auratus (Sparidae). Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 45, 1007-1021.

Kishiro, T. & Nakazono, A. 1991. Seasonal patterns of larval settlement and daily otolith increments in the temperate wrasse Halichoeres tenuispinis. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 57, 409-415.

Klaatsch, H. 1890. Zur Morphologie der Fischschuppen und zur Geschichte der Hartsubstanzgewebe. Gegenbaurs morphologisches Jahrbuch 16, 209-258.

Klevezal, G.A. & Kleinenberg, S.E. 1967. Age determination of mammals from annual layers in teeth and bones. Jerusalem, Israel: Translated from Russian by Israel Progr. Scientific Translat., 1969.

Koeck, G., Noggler, M. & Hofer, R. 1996. Pb in otoliths and opercula of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) from oligotrophic lakes. Water Research 30, 1919-1923.

Kohn, M.J., Schoeninger, M.J. & Valley, J.W. 1996. Herbivore tooth oxygen isotope compositions: effects of diet and physiology. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 60, 3889-3896.

Kõlliker, A. 1859. On rhe different types in the microscopic structure of the skeleton of osseous fish. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 9, 656-688.

Kolodny, Y., Luz, B. & Navon, O. 1983. Oxygen isotope variations in phosphate of biogenic apatites. I. Fish bone apatite: rechecking the rules of the game. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 64, 398-404.

Kuntzman. 1824. Bemerkungen liber die Schuppen der Fische. Werhandlungen Lung. Gesellschaft Naturforschung Freunde, Berlin, 269-284.

La Roche, G., Woodall, A.N., Johnson, C.L. & Halver, J.E. 1966. Thyroid function in the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Rich.) II. Effects of thyroidectomy on the development of young fish. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 249-266.

Laerm, J. 1976. The development, function, and design of amphicoelus vertebrae in Teleost fishes. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 58, 237-254.

Lagardère, F. 1989-Influence of feeding conditions and temperature on the growth rate and otolith-increment deposition of larval Dover sole (Solea solea (L.)). Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions du Conseil international pour l'exploration de la mer 191, 390-399.

Lagardère, F., Chaumillon, G., Amara, R., Heineman, G. & Lago, J. M. 1995. Examination of otolith morphology and microstructure using laser scanning microscopy. In Recent developments in fish otolith research (Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 7-26. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Lagardère, F. & Troadec, H. 1997. Age estimation in common sole Solea solea larvae: validation of daily increments and evaluation of a pattern recognition technique. Marine Ecology Progress Series 155, 223-237.

Lai, H.L. 1993. Optimal sampling design for using the age-length key to estimate age composition of a fish population. Fishery Bulletin 92, 382-388.

Laine, A.O., Momot, W.T. & Ryan, P.A. 1991. Accuracy of using scales and cleithra for aging northern pike from an oligotrophic Ontario lake. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 1 1, 220-225.

Lapi, L.A. & Mulligan, T.J. 1981. Salmon stock identification using a microanalytical technique to measure elements present in the freshwater growth region of scales. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 38, 744-751.

Laurec, A., Biseau, A. & Charuau, A. 1991. Modelling technical interactions. ices Marine Science Symposia 193, 225-236.

Lea, E. 1911. A study in the growth of herrings. Rapports et Procès verbaux des réunions du Conseil international pour l’exploration de la mer 61, 35-64.

Lecomte, F, Meunier, F.J. & Rojas-Beltran, R. 1985. Mise en évidence d’un double cycle de croissance annuel chez un silure de Guyane, Arius couma (VaL, 1839) (Teleostei, Siluriforme, Ariidae) à partir de l’étude squelettochronologique des épines des nageoires. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences, Paris, Série III, 300, 181-184.

Lecomte, F, Meunier, F.J. & Rojas-Beltran, R. 1986. Données préliminaires sur la croissance de deux Téléostéens de Guyane, Arius proops (Ariidae, Siluriformes) et Leporinus friderici (Anostomidae, Characoidei). Cybium 10, 121-134.

Lecomte, F., Meunier, F.J. & Rojas-Beltran, R. 1989. Some data on the growth of Arius proops (Ariidae, Siluriforme) in the estuaries of French Guiana. Aquatic Living Resources 2, 63-68.

Lecomte, F, Boujard, T., Meunier, F.J., Renno, J.F. & Rojas-Beltran, R. 1993. The growth of Myleus rhomboidalis (Cuvier, 1817) (Characiforme, Serrasalmidae) in two rivers of French Guiana. Revue d'Écologie (La Terre et la Vie) 48, 431-444.

Lecomte-Finiger, R. 1992. Growth history and age at recruitment of European glass eels (Anguilla anguilla) as revealed by otolith microstructure. Marine Biology 114, 205-210.

Leeuwenhoeck, A. 1696. Opera omnia, Lugduni Batavorum. Epistola 107, 191-192.

Leggett, W.C. & Deblois, E. 1994. Recruitment in marine fishes: is it regulated by starvation and predation in the egg and larval stages? Netherlands Journal of Sea Research 32, 119-134.

Lehtonen, H., Nyberg, K., Vuorinen, RJ. & Leskela, A. 1992. Radioactive strontium (super(85)Sr) in marking whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus (L.)) larvae and the dispersai of larvae from river to sea. Journal of Fish Biology 41, 417-423.

Lessa, R., Santana, F.M. & Paglerani, R. 1999. Age, growth and stock structure of the oceanic whitetip shark, Carcharhinus longimanus, from the southwestern equatorial Atlantic. Fisheries Research 42, 21-30.

Liew, P.K.L. 1974. Age determination of American eels based on the structure of their otoliths. In The ageing of fish (Bagenal, T.B., ed.), pp. 124-136. London, uk: Unwin Brothers Ltd.

Limburg, K.E. 1995. Otolith strontium traces environmental history of subyearling American shad Alosa sapidissima. Marine Ecology Progress Series 119, 25-35.

Limburg, K.E. 1998. Anomalous migrations of anadromous herrings revealed with natural chemical tracers. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55, 431-437.

Linkowski, T.B. 1991. Otolith microstructure and growth patterns during the early life history of lanternfishes (family Myctophidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology 69, 1777-1792.

Linkowski, T.B. 1996. Lunar rhythms of vertical migrations coded in otolith microstructure of North Atlantic lanternfishes, genus Hygophum (Myctophidae). Marine Biology 124, 495-508.

Lombarte, A. & Morales-Nin, B. 1989. Growth of Nezumia aequalis and Coelorhynchus fasciatus (Pisces: Macruridae) in Namibian waters. Collection of Scientific Papers of icseaf 16, 191-198.

Lombarte, A. & Lleonart, J. 1993. Otolith size changes related with body growth, habitat depth and temperature. Environmental Biology of Fishes 37, 297-306.

López, E. 1973. Étude morphologique et physiologique de l’os cellulaire des poissons Téléostéens. Mémoires du Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle 80, 1-90.

Lorson, R.D. & Mudrak, V.A. 1987. Use of tetracycline to mark otoliths of American shad fry. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 7, 453-455.

Loubens, G. 1978. Biologie de quelques espèces de Poissons du lagon néo-calédonien. I. Détermination de l’âge (otolithométrie). Cahiers orstom, série Océanographie 16, 263-283.

Loubens, G. & Panfili, J. 1992. Estimation de l'âge individuel de Prochilodus nigricans (Teleostei, Prochilodidae) dans le Béni (Bolivie): protocole d’étude et application. Aquatic Living Resources 5, 41-56.

Loubens, G. & Panfili, J. 1997. Biologie de Colossoma macropomum (Teleostei, Serrasalmidae) dans le bassin du Mamoré (Amazonie bolivienne). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 8, 1-22.

Loubens, G. & Panfili, J. 2000. Biologie de Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum et P. tigrinum (Teleostei, Pimelodidae) du bassin du Mamoré (Amazonie bolivienne). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 11, 13-34.

Lowe-McConnell, R.H. 1964. The Fishes of the Rupununi savanna district of British Guiana, South America. Part 1. Ecological groupings of fish species and effects of the seasonal cycle on the fish. Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology) 45, 103-144.

Lowe-McConnell, R.H. 1979. Ecological aspects of seasonality in fishes of tropical waters. Symposium of the Zoological Society, London 44, 219-241.

Lowenstein, O. 1971. The labyrinth. In Fish physiology (Hoar, W.S. & Randall, D.J., ed.), pp. 207-240. New York, usa: Academic Press.

Lychakov, D.V., Boyadzhieva Mikhailova, A., Christov, I. & Evdokimov, I.I. 2000. Otolithic apparatus in Black Sea Elasmobranchs. Fisheries Research 46, 27-38.

Machias, A., Tsimenides, N., Kokokiris, L. & Divanach, P.1998. Ring formation on otoliths and scales of Pagrus pagrus: a comparative study.Journal of Fish Biology 52, 350-361.

Macy, W.K. 1995. The application of image processing to the aging of long-finned squid, Loligo pealei, using the statolith. In Recent developments in fish otolith research (Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 283-302. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Magnin, E. 1962. Recherches sur la systématique et la biologie des Acipenséridés (Acipenser sturio L., A. oxyrhynchus Mitchill et A. fulvescens Raf.). Annales de la Station Centrale d’Hydrobiologie Appliquée 9, 9-242.

Magnusson, K.G. 1995. An overview of the multispecies vpa, theory and applications. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 5, 195-212.

Mahon, R. 1985. Towards the inclusion of fishery interactions in management advice. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 1347.

Maisey, J.G. 1979. Finspine morphogenesis in squelid and heterodontid sharks. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 66, 161-183.

Mann, R.H.K. & Beaumont, W.R.C. 1990. fast-and slow-growing pike, Esox lucius L., and problems of age-determinations from scales. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 21, 471-478.

Mann, S., Parker, S.B., Ross, M.D., Skarnulis, A.J. & Williams, R J.P.1983. The ultrastructure of the calcium carbonate balance organs of the inner ear: an ultra-high resolution electron microscopy study. Proceedings of the Research Society of London 218, 415-424.

Markert, F. 1896. Die Flossenstocheln von Acanthias. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Hartsubstanzgebilde der Elasmobranchier. Zoologische Jahrbücher der Abteilung für Anatomie 9, 722.

Marr, D. & Hildreth, E. 1980. Theory of edge detection. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 207B, 187-217.

Marr, D. 1982. Vision: a computational investigation into the human representation and Processing of visual information. San Francisco, usa: Freeman, W.H. and Company.

Marshall, S.L. & Parker, S.S. 1982. Pattern identification in the microstructure of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) otoliths. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39, 542-547.

Marzolf, R.C. 1955. Use of pectoral spines and vertebra for determining age and rate of growth of the channel catfish. Journal of Wildlife Management 19, 243-249.

Mason, J.E. 1974. A semi-automatic machine for counting and measuring circuli on fish scales. In The ageing of fish (Bagenal, T.B., ed.), pp. 87-102, London, uk: Unwin Brothers Ltd.

Massuti, E., Morales-Nin, B. & Stefanescu, C. 1995. Distribution and biology of five grenadier fish (Pisces, Macrouridae) from the upper and middle slope of the northwestern Mediterranean. Deep Sea Research 42, 307-330.

Masterman, A.T.191.3. Report on investigations upon the salmon with special reference to age-determination by the study of scales. Fishery Investigation 1, 1-3.

Matheron, G. 1975. Random sets and integral geometry. New York, usa: Wiley.

Matlock, G.C., Colura, R.L., Maciorowski, A.F. & McEachron, L.W. 1987. Use of on-going tagging programs to validate scale readings. In The age and growth of fish (Summerfelt, R.C. & Hall, G.E., ed.), pp. 279-286. Ames, Iowa, usa: The Iowa State University Press.

Matrajt, H., Laval-Jeantet, M. & Juster, M. 1964. Étude histochimique et microradiographique de l’os non déminéralisé. In L’ostéoporose (Hioco, D.J., ed.), pp. 7-24. Paris, France: Masson.

Matty, A.J. 1985. Fish endocrinology. London, uk & Sydney, Australia: Croom Helm.

May, A.W. 1965. The validity of otolith ages of Southern Grand Bank cod. icnaf Research Bulletin 2, 19-24.

May, H.M.A. & Jenkins, G.P.1992. Patterns of settlement and growth of juvenile flounder Rhombosolea tapirina determined from otolith microstructure. Marine Ecology Progress Series 79, 203-214.

McCart, P.1967. Scale regeneration in the bluespot goby, Coryphopterus nicholsi. Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada 24, 433-434.

McCurdy, W.J. 1985. A low-speed alternative method for cutting otolith sections. Journal du Conseil permanent international pour l'exploration de la mer 42, 186-187.

McCurdy, W.J., Appelberg, M., Ayers, R., Belcari, R, Bolle, L., Cendrero, O., Easey, M.W., Fossum, P., Hammer, C, Hansen, F.I. & Raitaniemi, J. 2000. Guidelines for the quality assurance of fish age determinations. efan Report 5/2000, 9p.

McDonald, P.D.M. & Pitcher, T.J. 1979. Age groups from size-frequency data: a versatile and efficient method of analyzing distribution mixtures. Journal of Fisberies Research Board of Canada 36, 987-1001.

McFarlane, G.A. & Beamish, R.J. 1987. Selection of dosages of oxytetracycline for age validation studies. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44, 905-909.

McFarlane, G.A., Wydoski, R.S. & Prince, E.D. 1990. Historical review of the development of externai tags and marks. American Fisberies Society Symposium 7, 9-29.

McGowan, M.F., Prince, E.D. & Lee, D.W. 1987. An inexpensive microcomputer-based System for making rapid and precise counts and measurements of zonations in video displayed skeletal structures of fish. In Age and Growth of Fish (Summerfelt, R.C. & Hall, G.E., ed.), pp. 385-395. Ames, Iowa, usa: Iowa State University Press.

McGurk, M.D. 1984. Effects of delayed feeding and temperature on the age of irreversible starvation and on the rates of growth and mortality of Pacific herring larvae. Marine Biology 84, 13-26.

Meekan, M.G. & Fortier, L. 1996. Selection for fast growth during the larval life of atlantic cod Gadus morhua on the Scotian shelf. Marine Ecology Progress Series 1 37, 25-37.

Megrey, B.A. 1989. Review and comparison of age-structured stock assessment models from theoretical and applied points of view. American Fisberies Society Symposium 6, 8-48.

Menon, M.D. 1950. The use of bones other than otoliths in determining the age and growth rate of fishes. Journal du Conseil permanent international pour l'exploration de la mer 16, 311-335.

Messieh, S.N., MacDougall, C. & Claytor, R. 1989. Separation of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) stocks in the Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence using digitized otolith morphometrics and discriminant function analysis. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 1647.

Metcalfe, N.B., Wright, P.J. & Thorpe, J.E. 1992. Relationships between social status, otolith size at first feeding and subsequent growth in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Journal of Animal Ecology 61, 585-589.

Methot, R.D. 1981. Growth rates and age distributions of larval and juvenile northern anchovy, Engraulsi mordax, with inferences on larval survival. PhD Thesis, University of California, San Diego, usa, 209 p.

Meunier, F.J. 1974. La technique de marquage vital des tissus squelettiques des poissons. Bulletin Français de la Pêche et de la Pisciculture255, 51-57.

Meunier, F.J. & Boivin, G. 1974. Divers aspects de la fixation du chlorhydrate de tétracycline sur les tissus squelettiques de quelques Téléostéens. Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France 99, 495-504.

Meunier, F.J. & Boivin, G. 1978. Action de la fluorescéine, de l’alizarine, du bleu de calcéine et de diverses doses de tétracycline sur la croissance de la truite et de la carpe. Annales de Biologie Animale, de Biochimie Biophysique 18, 1293-1308.

Meunier, F.J., Pascal, M. & Loubens, G. 1979. Comparaison de méthodes squelettochronologiques et considérations fonctionnelles sur le tissu osseux acellulaire d’un Ostéichthyen du lagon néo-calédonien. Aquaculture 17, 137-157.

Meunier, FJ. 1980. Recherches histologiques sur le squelette dermique des Polypteridae. Archives de Zoologie Générale et Expérimentale 121, 279-295.

Meunier, F.J. & François, Y. 1980. L’organisation spatiale des fibres collagènes et la minéralisation des écailles des Dipneustes actuels. Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France 105, 215-226.

Meunier, F.J. & Pascal, M. 1981. Étude expérimentale de la croissance cyclique des rayons de nageoire de la carpe (Cyprinus carpio L.): résultats préliminaires. Aquaculture 26, 23-40.

Meunier, F.J. & Castanet, J. 1982. Organisation spatiale des fibres de collagène de la plaque basale des écailles des Téléostéens. Zoologica Scripta 11, 141-153.

Meunier, F.J. 1983. Les tissus osseux des Ostéichthyens. Structure, genèse, croissance et évolution. Paris, France : Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, sn 82-600-328.

Meunier, F.J. 1984a. Structure et minéralisation des écailles de quelques Osteoglossidae (Ostéichthyens, Téléostéens). Annales de Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie, 13e série 6, 11-124.

Meunier, F.J. 1984b. Spatial organisation and mineralisation of the basal plate of elasmoid scales in Osteichthyans. American Zoologist 24, 953-964.

Meunier, F.J. 1987. Os cellulaire, os acellulaire et tissus dérivés chez les Ostéichthyens : les phénomènes de l’acellularisation et de la perte de la minéralisation. L’Année Biologique 26, 201-233.

Meunier, F.J., Gayet, M., Géraudie, J., Sire, J.Y. & Zylbelberg, L. 1987. Données ultrastructurales sur la ganoïne du dermosquelette des Actinoptérygiens primitifs. In Proceedings of the VIIth international symposium of Dental Morphology (Russell, D.E., Santoro, J.P. & Sigogneau-Russel, D., ed.), pp. 77-83, Mémoires du Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle (Sér. C).

Meunier, F.J. 1987-1988. Nouvelles données sur l’organisation spatiale des fibres de collagène de la plaque basale des écailles des Téléostéens. Annales de Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie, 13e série 9, 113-121.

Meunier, F.J. 1988. Détermination de l’âge individuel chez les Ostéichthyens à l’aide de la squelettochronologie : historique et méthodologie. Acta Oecologica, Oecologia Generalis 9, 299-329.

Meunier, F.J. & François, Y. 1992a. Croissance du squelette chez les Téléostéens. I. Squelette, os, tissus squelettiques. L’Année Biologique 31, 169-184.

Meunier, F.J. & François, Y. 1992b. Croissance du squelette chez les Téléostéens. II. La croissance du squelette. L'Année Biologique 31, 185-219.

Meunier, F.J. & Huysseune, A. 1992. The concept of bone tissue in Osteichthyes. Netherlands Journal of Zoology 42, 445-458.

Meunier, F.J. 1994. Données sur la croissance de l’anguille (Anguilla anguilla L.) dans le cours moyen du Rhin, région alsacienne. Bulletin Français de la Pêche et de la Pisciculture 335, 133-144.

Meunier, F.J. & Desse, J. 1994. Histological structure of hyperostotic cranial remains of Pomadasys hasta (Osteichthyes, Perciformes, Haemulidae) from archeological sites of the Arabian Golf and the Indian Ocean. In Fish exploitation in the past (Van Neer, W., ed.), pp. 47-53. Tervuren, Belgique : Annales du Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Sciences Zoologiques.

Meunier, F.J. 1997. Structure et minéralisation des écailles de quelques Characiformes de Guyane française. Revue d'Hydrobiologie Tropicale 27, 407-422.

Meunier, F.J., Rojas-Beltran, R., Boujard, T. & Lecomte, F. 1997. Rythmes saisonniers de la croissance chez quelques Téléostéens de Guyane française. Revue d’Hydrobiologie Tropicale 27, 423-440.

Meunier, F.J. & Zylberberg, L. 1998. The structure of the externai layer and of the odontodes of scales in Latimeria chalumnae (Sarcopterygii, Actinistia, Coelacanthidae) revisited using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. In Proceedings of the 5th Indo-Pacific Fish Conference, Nouméa, 1997 (Séret, B. & Sire, J.Y., ed.), pp. 109-116, Société Française d’ichtyologie.

Meyer-Rochow, V.B., Cook, I. & Hendy, C.H. 1992. How to obtain dues from the otoliths of an adult fish about the aquatic environment it has been in as a larva. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 103A, 333-335.

Miller, T.J. 1997. The use of field studies to investigate selective processes in fish early life history. In Early Life History and Recruitment in Fish Populations (Chambers, C. & Trippel, E.A., ed.), pp. 197-223. London, uk: Chapman and Hall.

Milton, D.A., Short, S.A., O’Neill, M.F. & Blaber, S.J.M. 1995. Ageing of three species of tropical snapper (Lutjanidae) from the Gull of Carpentaria, Australia, using radiometry and otolith ring counts. Fishery Bulletin 93, 103-115.

Milton, D.A., Chenery, S.R., Farmer, M.J. & Blaber, S.J.M. 1997. Identifying the spawning estuaries of the tropical shad, terubok Tenualosa toli, using otolith microchemistry. Marine Ecology Progress Series 153, 283-291.

Milton, D.A. & Chenery, S.R. 1998. The effect of otolith storage methods on the concentrations of elements detected by laser-ablation icp-ms. Journal of Fish Biology 53, 785-794.

Modin, J., Fagerholm, B., Gunnarsson, B. & Pihl, L. 1996. Changes in otolith microstructure at metamorphosis of plaice, Pleuronectes platessa L. ices Journal of Marine Science 53, 745-748.

Moksness, E. & Fossum, R 1991. Distinguishing spring-and autumnspawned herring larvae (Clupea harengus L.) by otolith microstructure. ices Journal of Marine Science 48, 61-66.

Moksness, E. 1992. Differences in otolith microstructure and body growth rate of North Sea herring (Clupea harengus L.) larvae in the period 1987-1989. ices Journal of Marine Science 49, 223-230.

Molony, B.W. & Choat, J.H. 1990. Otolith increment widths and somatic growth rate: the presence of a time-lag. Journal of Fish Biology 37, 541-551.

Molony, B.W. 1996. Episodes of starvation are recorded in the otoliths of juvenile Ambassis vachelli (Chandidae), a tropical estuarine fish. Marine Biology 125, 439-446.

Montaigne, M. 1580-1581. Journal de voyage. Paris, France : Gallimard 1983, Folio No 1473.

Morales-Nin, B. 1985. Características de los otolitos cristalinos de Genypterus capensis. Investigation Pesquera 49, 379-386.

Morales-Nin, B. 1986a. Chemical composition of the otoliths of the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax Linnaeus, 1758) (Pisces, Serranidae). Cybium 10, 115-120.

Morales-Nin, B. 1986b. Structure and composition of Merluccius capensis otoliths. South African Journal of Marine Sciences 4, 3-10.

Morales-Nin, B. 1987a. Ultrastructure of the organic and inorganic constituents of the otolith of the sea bass. In Age and growth of fish (Summerfelt, R.C. & Hall, G.E., ed.), pp. 331-343. Ames, Iowa, usa: Iowa State University Press.

Morales-Nin, B. 1987b. The influence of environmental factors on microstructure of otoliths of three demersal fish species caught off Namibia. In The Benguela and comparable frontal Systems (Payne, A.I.L., Gulland, J.A. & Brink, K.H., ed.), pp. 255-262. South African Journal of Marine Sciences 5.

Morales-Nin, B. 1988. Caution in the use of daily increments for ageing tropical fishes. Fishbyte 6, 5-6.

Morales-Nin, B. & Ralston, S. 1990. Age and growth of Lutjanus kasmira (Forskal) in Hawaiian waters. Journal of Fish Biology 36, 191-203.

Morales-Nin, B. 1992. Determination ofgrowth in bony fishes from otolith microstructure. fao Fisheries Technical Paper 322.

Morales-Nin, B., Massuttí, E. & Stefanescu, C. 1996a. Bathymetric distribution and growth patterns of Bathypterois mediterraneus from the north-western Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Fish Biology 49 (Suppl. A), 276-288.

Morales-Nin, B., Massuttí, E. & Stefanescu, C. 1996b. Life history of Alepocephalus rostratus Risso, 1810 (Osteichthyes: Alepocephalidae) a main component of the Mediterranean deep-sea fish communities. Journal of Fish Biology 48, 1097-1112.

Morales-Nin, B. & Aldebert, Y. 1997. Assessment of growth and hatchdate distribution of juvenile Merluccius merluccius in the Gulf of Lions (nw Mediterranean) determined by otolith microstructure and length frequency distribution. Fisheries Research 30, 77-85.

Morales-Nin, B., Lombarte, A. & Japon, B. 1998. Approaches to otolith age determination: image signal treatment and age attribution. Scientia Marina 62, 247-256.

Morales-Nin, B., Di Stefano, M., Potoschi, A., Massuti, E., Rizzo, P. & Gancitano, S. 1999. Differences between the sagitta, lapillus and vertebra in estimating age and growth in juvenile Mediterranean dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus). Scientia Marina 63, 327-336.

Morison, A.K., Robertson, S.G. & Smith, D.C. 1998. An integrated System for production fish aging: image analysis and quality insurance. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 18, 587-598.

Mortensen, D.G. & Caris, M.G. 1995. Effect of crude oil ingestion on growth and microstructure of juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) otoliths. In Recent developments in fish otolith research (Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 197-209. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Mosegaard, H., Steffner, N.G. & Ragnarsson, B. 1987. Manipulation of otolith microstructures as a mean of mass-marking salmonid yolk sac fry. In Proceedings of the Fifth Congress of European Ichthyologists. (Kullander, S.O. & Fernholm, B., ed.), pp. 213-220, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm.

Mosegaard, H., Svedäng, H. & Taberman, K. 1988. Uncoupling of somatic and otolith growth rates in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) as an effect of differences in temperature response. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45, 1514-1524.

Mosegaard, H., Appelberg, M. & Aangström-Klevbom, C. 1989. Differences in age determination of roach using scales and otoliths. (in Swedish, English summary). Information frdn Sötvattenlaboratoriet, Drottningholm 3, 19-27.

Mosegaard, H. 1990. What is reflected by otolith size at emergence? A reevaluation of the results in West and Larkin (1987). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 47, 225-228.

Mosegaard, H., Morales-Nin, B., Weidman, C.R., Geffen, A.J., Arneri, E., Millner, R., Panfili, J. & Folkvord, A. 1998. Otolith thin-section preparation: some problems and new developments. In Otolith preparation and analysis (Wright, P.J., ed.), efan Report 2/1998, pp. 11-22.

Moss, M.L. 1961a. Osteogenesis of acellular Teleost fish bone. American Journal of Anatomy 108, 99-110.

Moss, M.L. 1961b. Studies of the acellular bone of teleost fish. I. Morphological and systematic variation. Acta Anatomica 46, 343-362.

Moss, M.L. 1963. The biology of acellular Teleost bone. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 109, 337-350.

Moss, M.L. 1965. Studies of the acellular bone of Teleost fish. V. Histology and mineral homeostasis of freshwater species. Acta Anatomica 60, 262-276.

Moss, M.L. & Freilich, M. 1963. Studies of acellular bone of Teleost fish. IV. Inorganic content of calcified tissues. Acta Anatomica 55, 1-8.

Moss, M.L. 1977. Skeletal tissues in sharks. American Zoologist 17, 335-342.

Mugiya, Y. 1966. Calcification on fish and shellfish. VI. Seasonal changes in calcium and magnesium concentration of the otolith fluid in some fish, with special reference to the zone formation of their otoliths. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Sciences and Fisheries 32, 549-557.

Mugiya, Y. & Watabe, N. 1977. Studies on fish scales formation and resorption. II. Effect of estradiol on calcium homeostasis and skeletal tissue resorption in the gold fish, Carassius auratus, and the killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 57A, 197-202.

Mugiya, Y., Watabe, N., Yamada, S., Dean, J.M., Dunkelberger, D.G. & Shimizu, M. 1981. Diurnal rhythm in otolith formation in the goldfish, Carassius auratus. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 68A, 659-662.

Mugiya, Y. 1984. Diurnal rhythm in otolith formation in the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri: seasonal reversai of the rhythm in relation to plasma calcium concentration. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 78A, 289-293.

Mugiya, Y., Hirabayashi, S. & Ohsawa, T.1985. Microradiography of otoliths and vertebral centra in the flatfish Limanda herzensteini: hypermineralization in the hyaline zone. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 51, 219-225.

Mugiya, Y. & Takahashi, K. 1985. Chemical properties of the saccular endolymph in the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. Bulletin of the Faculty of Fisheries, Hokkaido University 36, 57-63.

Mugiya, Y. 1986. Effects of calmodulin inhibitors and other metabolic modulators on in vitro otolith formation in the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 84A, 57-60.

Mugiya, Y. 1987. Phase difference between calcification and organic matrix formation in the diurnal growth of otoliths in the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. Fishery Bulletin 85, 395-401.

Mugiya, Y. & Uchimura, T.1989. Otolith resorption induced by anaerobic stress in the goldfish, Carassius auratus. Journal of Fish Biology 35, 813-818.

Mugiya, Y. 1990. Long-term effects of hypophysectomy on the growth and calcification of otoliths and scales in the goldfish, Carassius auratus. Zoological Science 7, 273-279.

Mugiya, Y. & Tanaka, S. 1992. Otolith development, increment formation, and an uncoupling of otolith to somatic growth-rates in larval and juvenile goldfish. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58, 845-851.

Mugiya, Y. & Yoshida, M. 1995. Effects of calcium antagonists and other metabolic modulators on in vitro calcium deposition on otoliths in the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fisheries Science 61, 1026-1030.

Mulcahy, S.A., Killingley, J.S., Phleger, C.F. & Berger, W.H. 1979. Isotopic composition of otoliths from a benthopelagic fish, Coryphaenoides acrolepis (Macrouridae, Gadiformes). Oceanologica Acta 2, 423-427.

Mulligan, T.J. 1997. Change of elemental composition of marked salmon scales with growth: Retrospective of wild salmon stock identification problems. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Skeletal Microanalysis of Marine Fish Stocks (Thresher, R.E., Mills, D.J., Proctor, C.H. & Ianelli, J.N., ed.), pp. 51-54, Report csiro Marine Laboratories.

Munk, K.M. & Smoker, W.W. 1993. A hatchery water-heating System and its application to 100% thermal marking of incubating salmon. The Progressive Fish Culturist 55, 284-288.

Murphy, M.D. & Taylor, R.G. 1991. Direct validation of ages determined for adult red drums from otolith sections. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 120, 267-269.

Muth, R.T. & Bestgen, K.R. 1991. Effects of sunlight on tetracycline marks in otoliths of Colorado squawfish larvae. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 120, 666-668.

Nagiec, N., Dabrowski, K., Nagiec, C. & Murawska, E. 1988. Massmarking of coregonid larvae and fry by tetracycline tagging of otoliths. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 19, 171-178.

Neave, F.M. 1940. On the histology and regeneration of teleost scale. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Sciences 81, 541-568.

Neilson, J.D. & Geen, G.H. 1981. Method for preparing otoliths for microstructure examination. The Progressive Fish Culturist 43, 90-91.

Neilson, J.D. & Geen, G.H. 1982. Otoliths of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha): daily growth increments and factors influencing their production. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39, 1340-1347.

Neilson, J.D. & Geen, G.H. 1985. Effects of feeding regimes and diel temperature cycles on otolith increment formation in juvenile chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. Fishery Bulletin 83, 91-101.

Nelson, B.K., DeNiro, M.J., Schoeninger, M.J. & De Paolo, D.J. 1986. Effects of diagenesis on strontium, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen concentration and isotopic composition of bone. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 50, 1941-1949.

Nelson, C.S., Northcote, T.G. & Hendy, C.H. 1989. Potential use of oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of otoliths to identify migratory and non-migratory stocks of the New Zealand common smelt: A pilot study. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 23, 337-344.

Nelson, J. 1994. Fishes of the World. New York, usa: J. Wiley and sons Inc.

Nichy, F.E. 1977. Thin sectioning fish ear bones. Sea Technology 2, 27.

Nishimura, A. 1993. Occurrence of a check in otoliths of reared and sea-caught larval walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma (Pallas) and its relationship to events in early-life history. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 166, 175-183.

Nolf, D. 1995. Studies on fossil otoliths: the state of the art. In Recent developments in fish otolith research (Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 513-544. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Nordeide, J.T., Holm, J.C., Otteraa, H., Blom, G. & Borge, A. 1992. The use of oxytetracycline as a marker for juvenile cod (Gadus morhua L.). Journal of Fish Biology 41, 21-30.

Northcote, T.G., Hendy, C.H., Nelson, C.S. & Boubee, J.A.T.1992. Tests for migratory history of the New Zealand common smelt (Retropinna retropinna (Richardson)) using otolith isotopic composition. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 1, 61-72.

nrc 1998. Improving fish stock assessments. Washington dc, usa: National Academy Press.

Officer, R.A., Day, R.W., Clement, J.G. & Brown, L.P 1997. Captive gummy sharks, Mustelus antarcticus, form hypermineralised bands in their vertebrae during winter. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54, 2677-2683.

Ogle, D.H., Pruitt, R.C., Spangler, G.R. & Cyterski, M.J. 1996. A Beyesian approach to assigning probabilities to fish ages determined from temporal signatures in growth increments. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 53, 1788-1794.

Okedi, J. 1969. Observations on the breeding and growth of certain mormyrid fishes of Lake Victoria Basin (Pisces, Mormyridae). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaine 79, 34-64.

Olatunde, A.A. 1979. Age determination, length-weight relationship and growth of Eutropius niloticus and Schilbe mystus in Lake Kainji, Nigeria. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 87, 49-83.

Olsson, O. & North, A.W. 1997. Diet of the King Penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus during three summers at South Georgia. Ibis 139, 504-512.

Ombredane, D. & Baglinière, J.L. 1992. Les écailles et leurs utilisations en écologie. In Tissus durs et âge individuel des Vertébrés (Baglinière, J.L., Castanet,J., Conand, F. & Meunier, F., ed.), pp. 151-192. Paris, France : Collection Colloques et Séminaires orstom/inra.

0rvig, T.1968. The dermal skeleton; general considerations. In Current problem of lower vertebrate phylogeny. Proceedings of the 4th Nobel Symposium (Ørvig, T., ed.), pp. 373-397, Stockholm, Sweden: Almqvist and Wiksell.

Otake, T, Ishii, T, Nakahara, M. & Nakamura, R. 1994. Drastic changes in otolith strontium/calcium ratios in leptocephali and glass eels of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica. Marine Ecology Progress Series 112, 189-193.

Otake, T., Ishii, T, Nakahara, M. & Nakamura, R. 1997. Changes in otolith strontium/calcium ratios in metamorphosing Conger myriaster leptocephali. Marine Biology 128, 565-572.

Palomera, I., Morales-Nin, B. & Lleonart, J. 1988. Larval growth of anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus, in the Western Mediterranean sea. Marine Biology 99, 283-291.

Panfili, J. & Ximénès, M.C. 1992. Measurements on ground or sectioned otoliths: possibilities of bias. Journal of Fish Biology 41, 201-207.

Panfili, J. 1993. Estimation de l'âge individuel des poissons : méthodologies et applications à des populations tropicales et tempérées. Paris, France : Collection Travaux et Documents, orstom.

Pannella, G. 1971. Fish otoliths: daily growth layers and periodical patterns. Science 173, 1124-1127.

Pannella, G. 1974. Otoliths growth patterns: an aid in age determination in temperate and tropical fishes. In The ageing of fish (Bagenal, T.B., ed.), pp. 28-39. London, uk: Unwin Brothers Ltd.

Pannella, G. 1980. Growth pattern in fish sagittae. In Skeletal growth of aquatic organisms. Biological records of environmental change (Rhoads, D.C. & Lutz, R.A., ed.), pp. 519-560. New York, usa and London, uk: Plenum Press.

Papadopoulou, C. & Moraitopoulou-Kassimati, E. 1977. Stable elements in skeletal formations of fish species from Greek waters. Thalassia Jugoslavica 13, 187-192.

Papadopoulou, C., Kanias, G.D. & Kassimati, E.M. 1978. Zinc content in otoliths of mackerel from the Aegean. Marine Pollution Bulletin 9, 106-108.

Parker, H.W. & Stott, F.C. 1965. Age, size and vertebral calcification in the basking shark, Cetorhinus maximus (Gunnerus). Zool. Meded. (Leiden) 40, 305-319.

Parker, N.C., Giorgi, A.E., Heidinger, R.C., Jester, D.B., Prince, E.D. & Winans, G.A. 1990. Fish-marking techniques. American Fisheries Society Symposium 7.

Parrish, B.B. & Sharman, D.B. 1959. Otolith types amongst summerautumn spawning herring in the Southern North Sea. Journal du Conseil permanent international pour l’exploration de la mer 25, 81-92.

Pascal, M. & Castanet, J. 1978. Méthodes de détermination de l’age chez le chat haret des îles Kerguelen. Revue d’Écologie (La Terre et la Vie) 32, 529-555.

Patterson, W.P., Smith, G.R. & Lohmann, K.C. 199.3. Continental paleothermometry and seasonality using the isotopic composition of aragonitic otoliths of freshwater fishes. In Climate change in continental isotopic records. (Swart, P.K., Lohmann, K.C., McKenzie, J. & Savin, A., ed.), pp. 191-202. Washington, dc, usa: American Geophysical Union.

Paul, L.J. 1968. Early scale growth characteristics of the New Zealand snapper, Chrysophrys auratus (Forster), with reference to selection of a scale-sampling site. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 2, 273-292.

Pauly, D. & David, N. 1981. elefani, a basic program for the objective extraction of growth parameters from length-frequency data. Meeresforschung 28, 205-211.

Pavlidis, T.1992. Why progress in machine vision is so slow? Pattern Recognition Letters 13, 221-225.

Payan, P, Kossmann, H., Watrin, A., Mayer Gostan, N. & Boeuf, G. 1997. Ionic composition of endolymph in Teleosts: origin and importance of endolymph alkalinity. Journal of Experimental Biology 200,1905-1912.

Payan, P., Borelli, G., Boeuf, G. & Mayer Gostan, N. 1998. Relationship between otolith and somatic growth: consequence of starvation on acid-base balance in plasma and endolymph in the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 19, 35-41.

Payan, P., Edeyer, A., Pontual, H. (de), Borelli, G., Boeuf, G. & Mayer Gostan, N. 1999. Chemical composition of saccular endolymph and otolith in fish inner ear: lack of spatial uniformity. American Journal of Pbysiology, Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Pbysiology 46, R123-R131.

Pearce, N.J.G., Perkins, W.T. & Fuge, R. 1992. Developments in the analysis of carbonates by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Analytical Proceedings 29, 280-281.

Pearson, D.E. 1996. Timing of hyaline-zone formation as related to sex, location, and year of capture in otoliths of the widow rockfish, Sebastes entomelas. Fishery Bulletin 94, 190-197.

Pedersen, S.A., Lewy, P. & Wright, P.1999. Assessments of the lesser sandeel (Ammodytes marinus) in the North Sea based on revised stock divisions. Fisheries Research 41, 221-241.

Perkins, W.T., Fuge, R. & Pearce, N.J.G. 1991. Quantitative analysis of trace elements in carbonates using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 6, 445-449.

Peronnet, I., Dupouy, H., Rivoalen, J.J. & Kergoat, B. 1992. Techniques de lecture d’âge à partir des rayons épineux de la nageoire caudale pour la cardine Lepidorhombus wiffiagonis et à partir des sections d’illicium pour les baudroies, Lophius piscatorius et L. budegassa. In Tissus durs et âge individuel des Vertébrés (Baglinière, J.L., Castanet, J., Conand, F. & Meunier, F.J., ed.), pp. 307-324. Paris, France : Collection Colloques et Séminaires orstom/inra.

Persson, P.1997. Calcium regulation during sexual maturation of female salmonids: Estradiol 17ss and calcified tissues. PhD Thesis, Göteborg University, 146 p.

Persson, R, Sundell, K., Bjoernsson, B.T. & Lundqvist, H. 1998. Calcium metabolism and osmoregulation during sexual maturation of river running Atlantic salmon. Journal of Fish Biology 52, 334-349.

Peters, W.C.H. 1841. Bericht über den mikroskopischen Bau der Fischschuppen. Jahrg: Milliers Archiv für Anatomie, Physiologie und wissenschaftliche Medizin.

Petersen, C.G. 1891. Eine Methode zur Bestimmung des Alters und Wuchses der Fische. Mitteilungen des deutschen Seefischerei-Vereins 11, 226-235.

Petersen, H. 1930. Die Organe des Skelettsystems. In Handb. Mikr. Anat. Menschen (Mollendorff, W., ed.), pp. 521-678. Berlin, Germany.

Peyer, B. 1957. Über die morphologische Deutung der Flossenstacheln einiger Haifische. Mitteil. Naturforsch. Gesse/., Bern 14, 159-176.

Phillips, D.J.H. & Rainbow, PS. 1994. Biomonitoring of trace aquatic contaminants. London, uk: Chapman & Hall.

Pisam, M., Payan, R, Le Moal, C., Edeyer, A., Boeuf, G. & Mayer Gostan, N. 1998. Ultrastructural study of the saccular epithelium of the inner ear of two Teleosts, Oncorhynchus mykiss and Psetta maxima. Cell and Tissue Research 294, 261-270.

Planes, S. & Laval, P.1990. Adjustment of a method for reading otoliths by image analysis and a study on the growth of larvae and juveniles of sea-bass (Dicentrarchus labrax).Journal de Recherche Océanographique 15, 42-45.

Platt, C. & Popper, A.N. 1981. Structure and function in the ear. In Hearing and sound communication in Fishes (Tavolga, W.N., Popper, A.N. & Fay, R.R., ed.), pp. 3-38. New York, usa: Springer.

Poinsard, F. & Troadec, J.P.1966. Détermination de l’âge par la lecture des otolithes chez deux espèces de Sciaenidae ouest-africains (Pseudolithus senegalis C.V. et Pseudolithus typus Blkr.). Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions du Conseil international pour l'exploration de la mer 30, 291-307.

Pollard, M.J., Kingsford, M.J. & Battaglene, S.C. 1999. Chemical marking of juvenile snapper, Pagrus auratus (Sparidae), by incorporation of strontium into dorsal spines. Fishery Bulletin 97, 118-131.

Ponton, D., Mol, J.H. & Panfili, J. 2001. Use of otolith microincrements for estimating the age and growth rate of young armoured catfish Hoplosternum littorale.Journal of Fish Biology 58, 1274-1285.

Pontual, H. (de) & Prouzet, P.1987. Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., stock discrimination by scale-shape analysis. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 18, 277-289.

Pontual, H. (de), Lagardère, F., Troadec, H., Batel, A., Desaunay, Y. & Koutsikopoulos, C. 2000. Otoliths imprinting of sole (Solea solea) from the Bay of Biscay: a tool to discriminate individuais from nursery origins. Oceanologica Acta 23, 497-513.

Poplin, C., Poplin, F. & Ricqlès, A. (de) 1976. Quelques particularités anatomiques et histologiques du rostre de l’espadon (Xiphias gladius L.). Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences 282D, 1105-1108.

Popper, A.N. & Hoxter, B. 1981. The fine structure of the sacculus and lagena of a Teleost fish. Hearing Research 5, 245-263.

Popper, A.N. & Fay, R.R. 1993. Sound detection and processing by fish: criticai review and major research questions. Brain Behavior and Evolution 50, 13-221.

Popper, A.N. & Lu, Z.M. 2000. Structure-function relationships in fish otolith organs. Fisheries Research 46, 15-25.

Prince, E.D. & Pulos, L.M. 1983. Proceedings of the international workshop on age determination of oceanic pelagic fishes: Tunas, Billfishes, and Sharks. Miami, Florida, usa, February 15-18, 1982: noaa Technical Report nmfs 8.

Proctor, C.H., Thresher, R.E., Gunn, J.S., Mills, D.J., Harrowfield, I.R. & Sie, S.H. 1995. Stock structure of the Southern bluefin tuna Thunnus maccoyii: an investigation based on probe microanalysis of otolith composition. Marine Biology 122, 511-526.

Proctor, C.H. & Thresher, R.E. 1998. Effects of specimen handling and otolith preparation on concentration of elements in fish otoliths. Marine Biology 131,681-694.

Protasowicki, M. & Kosior, M. 1988. Long-term observations of selected heavy metais contained in otoliths of cod from the Southern Baltic. Kieler Meeresforschung 6, 424-431.

Quick, A.J.R. & Bruton, M.N. 1984. Age and growth of Clarias gariepinus (Pisces, Clariidae) in the P.K. le Roux Dam, South Africa. South African Journal of Zoology 19, 37-45.

Quinn, T.J. & Deriso, R.B. 1999. Quantitative fish dynamics. New York: Oxford Univesity Press.

Radtke, R.L. & Dean, J.M. 1982. Increment formation in the otoliths of embryos, larvae, and juveniles of the mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus. Fishery Bulletin 80, 201-215.

Radtke, R.L. 1984. Formation and structural composition of larval striped mullet otoliths. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 113, 186-191.

Radtke, R.L. & Targett, T.E. 1984. Rhythmic structural and Chemical patterns in otoliths of the Antarctic fish Notothenia larseni: their application to age determination. Polar biology 3, 203-210.

Radtke, R.L. & Morales-Nin, B. 1989. Mediterranean juvenile bluefin tuna: life history patterns. Journal of Fish Biology 35, 485-496.

Radtke, R.L., Townsend, D.W., Folsom, S.D. & Morrison, M.A. 1990. Strontium/calcium concentration ratios in otoliths of herring larvae as indicators of environmental histories. Environmental Biology of Fishes 27, 51-61.

Radtke, R.L., Showers, W., Moksness, E. & Lenz, P.1996. Environmental information stored in otoliths: insights from stable isotopes. Marine Biology 127, 161-170.

Radtke, R.L., Showers, W., Moksness, E. & Lenz, P.1998. Environmental information stored in otoliths: insights from stable isotopes. Marine Biology 132, 347-348.

Raitt, D.ES. 1961. Otolith studies of Southern North Sea herring. Journal du Conseil permanent international pour l'exploration de la mer 26, 312-328.

Ralston, S. & Howard, D.F. 1995. On the development of year-class strength and cohort variability in two northern California rockfishes. Fishery Bulletin 93, 710-720.

Ralston, S., Brothers, E.B., Roberts, D.A. & Sakuma, K.M. 1996. Accuracy of age estimates for larval Sebastes jordani. Fishery Bulletin 94, 89-97.

Ré, P., Rosa, H.C. & Dinis, M.T.1985. Diel rhythms in Dicentrarchus labrax (L., 1758) larvae under controlled conditions: swin bladder inflation, feeding and otolith growth. Investigación Pesquera 49, 411-418.

Réaumur. 1716. Observation sur la matière qui colore les perles fausses et sur quelques autres matières animales d’une autre couleur, à l’occasion de quoi on essaie d’expliquer la formation des écailles des poissons. Paris, Histoire de l’Acadadémie Royale des Sciences, 1718.

Reddin, D. & Pontual, H. (de) 1992. A comparison of two techniques to discriminate continental origin of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) off West Greenland. AquaticLiving Resources 5, 81-88.

Reibisch, J. 1899. Ueber die Einzahl bei Pleuronectes platessa und die Altersbestimmung dieser Form aus den Otolithen. Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen (Kiel) 4, 233-248.

Reinert, T.R., Wallin, J., Griffin, M.C., Conroy, M.J. & Vanden Avyle, M.J. 1998. Long-term retention and detection of oxytetracycline marks applied to hatchery-reared larval striped bass, Morone saxatilis. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55, 539-543.

Reznick, D., Lindbeck, E. & Bryga, H. 1989. Slower growth results in larger otoliths: an experimental test with guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Canadian Journal of Pisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46, 108-112.

Rice, J.A., Crowder, L.B. & Holey, M.E. 1987. Exploration of mechanisms regulating larval survival in Lake Michigan bloater: a recruitment analysis based on characteristics of individual larvae. Transactions of the American Pisheries Society 116, 703-718.

Richard, A. & Baglinière, J.L. 1990. Description et interprétation des écailles de truites de mer (Salmo trutta L.) de deux rivières de Basse-Normandie: l’Orne et la Touques. Bulletin Français de la Pêche et de la Pisciculture 319, 239-257.

Richards, R.A. & Esteves, C. 1997. Stock-specific variation in scale morphology of Atlantic striped bass. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 126, 908-918.

Richter, H. & McDermott, J.G. 1990. The staining of fish otolichs for age determination. Journal of Fish Biology 36, 773-779.

Ricker, W.E. 1958. Handbook of computations for biological statistics of fish populations. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 119.

Ricker, W.E. 1975. Computation and interpretation of biological statistics of fish populations. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 191, 1-382.

Ricker, W.E. 1992. Back-calculation of fish lengths based on proportionality between scale and length increments. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49, 1018-1026.

Ricqlès, A. (de), Meunier, F.J., Castanet, J. & Francillon-Vieillot, H. 1991. Comparative microstructure of bone. In Bone (Hall, B.K., ed.), pp. 1-78. CRC Press.

Ridewood, W.G. 1921. On the calcification of the vertebral centra in sharks and rays. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 210, 311-407.

Rijnsdorp, A.D. & Storbeck, F. 1991. A method to determine the onset of sexual maturity from back-calculated growth curves from otoliths of individual female North Sea plaice, Pleuronectes platessa L. In Demersal Fish Comm. Counc. (ICES, ed.), pp. 1-21, ICES Council Meeting, Copenhagen, Denmark, ICES 1991 Robben, J. & Thys van den Audenaerde, D.K. 1984. A preliminary study of age and growth of a Cyprinid fish Barilius moori (Blgr.) in lake Kivu. Hydrobiologia 108, 153-162.

Robert, F. & Vianet, R. 1988. Age and growth of Psetta maxima (Linne, 1758) and Scophthalmus rhombus (Linne, 1758) in the Gulf of Lion (Mediterranean). Journal of Applied Ichthyology 4, 111-120.

Roberts, C.D. 199.3. Comparative morphology of spined scales and their phylogenetic significance in the Teleostei. Bulletin of Marine Science 52, 60-113.

Rochard, E. & Jatteau, P.1991. Amélioration de la méthode de détermination de l’âge de l’esturgeon commun Acipenser sturio et premières applications. In Acipenser (Williot, P, ed.), pp. 193-208. Paris, France : cemagref Publications.

Roelke, L.A. & Cifuentes, L.A. 1997. Use of stable isotopes to assess groups of king mackerel, Scomberomorus cavalla, in the Gulf of Mexico and southeastern Florida. Fishery Bulletin 95, 540-551.

Rojas-Beltran, R. & Vincent, G. 1993. Use of trypsin to extract and examine larval fish otoliths. Cybium 17, 77-78.

Rojas-Beltran, R., Champigneulle, A. & Vincent, G. 1995. Mass-marking of bone tissue of Coregonus lavaretus L. and its potential application to monitoring the spatio-temporal distribution of larvae, fry and juveniles of lacustrine fishes. Hydrobiologia 300/301, 399-407.

Rollefsen, G. 1933. The otoliths of the cod. Fiskeridirektoratets Skrifter, Serie Havundersokelser 4, 1-14.

Ross, M.D. & Pote, K.G. 1984. Some properties of otoconia. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 304B, 445-452.

Ross, W.R. & Picard, A. 1990. Use of scale patterns and shape as discriminators between wild and hatchery striped bass stocks in California. American Fisheries Society Symposium 7, 71-77.

Ruhlé, C. & Grieder, C. 1989. Nouvelle méthode de marquage vital d'oeufs de Salmonidés par incorporation osmotique de tétracycline à la fécondation : expériences préliminaires sur des oeufs de truite fatio (Salmo trutta fario) et de truites arc-en-ciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Bulletin Français de laPêche et de la Pisciculture 315, 181-188.

Sadovy, Y. & Severin, K.P.1992. Trace elements in biogenic aragonite: correlation of body growth rate and strontium levels in the otoliths of the white grunt, Haemulon plumieri (Pisces, Haemulidae). Bulletin of Marine Science 50, 237-257.

Sadovy, Y. & Severin, K.P.1994. Elemental patterns in red hind (Epinephelus guttatus) otoliths from Bermuda and Puerto Rico reflect growth rate, not temperature. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51, 133-141.

Saitoh, S. & Yamada, J. 1989. Ultrastructure of the saccular epithelium in the otolithic membrane in relation to otolith growth in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Transactions of the American Microscopy Society 108, 223-238.

Sauer, G.R. & Watabe, N. 1989. Temporal and metal-specific patterns in the accumulation of heavy metais by the scales of Fundulus heteroclitus. Aquatic Toxicology 14, 233-248.

Schaefer, M.B. 1954. Some aspects of the dynamics of populations important to the management of commercial marine fisheries. Bulletin of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission 1, 27-56.

Schluter, D.S. 1988. Estimating the form of natural selection on a quantitative trait. Evolution 42, 849-861.

Schmitz, B., Ingram, S.L., Dockery, D.T. & Aberg, G. 1997. Testing Sr-87/Sr-86 as a paleosalinity indicator on mixed marine, brackish-water and terrestrial vertebrate skeletal apatite in late Paleocene early Eocene near-coastal sediments, Mississippi. Chemical Geology 140, 275-287.

Schnute, J. & Fournier, D. 1980. A new approach to length-frequency analysis: growth structure. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 37, 1337-1351.

Schonborner, A.A., Boivin, G. & Baud, C.A. 1979. The mineralization process in Teleost fish scales. Cell and Tissue Research 202, 203-212.

Schonborner, A.A., Meunier, F.J. & Castanet, J. 1981. The fine structure of calcified Mandl's corpuscules in Teleost fish scales. Tissue and Cell 13, 589-597.

Schramm, H.L., Jr. 1989. Formation of annuli on otoliths of bluegills. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 118, 546-555.

Schroder, S.L., Knudsen, C.M. & Volk, E.C. 1995. Marking salmon fry with strontium chloride solutions. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, 1141-1149.

Schultz, E.T. 1993. The effect of birth date on fitness of female dwarf perch, Micrometrus minimus (Perciformes, Embiotocidae). Evolution 47, 520-539.

Schultz, E.T. & Cowen, R.K. 1994. Recruitment of coral-reef fishes to Bermuda: local retention or long-distance transport? Marine Ecology Progress Series 109, 15-28.

Secor, D.H. & Dean, J.M. 1989. Somatic growth effects on the otolith: fish size relationship in young pond-reared striped bass, Morone saxatilis. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46, 113-121.

Secor, D.H., White, M.G. & Dean, J.M. 1991. Immersion marking of larval and juvenile hatchery-produced striped bass with oxytetracycline. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 120, 261-266.

Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Laban, E.H. 1992. Otolith removal and preparation for microstructural examination. In Otolith microstructure examination and analysis (Stevenson, D.K. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 19-57. Ottawa, Canada: Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 117.

Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Campana, S.E. 1995a. Recent developments in fish otolith research. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Secor, D.H., Henderson-Arzapalo, A. & Piccoli, P.M. 1995b. Can otolith microchemistry chart patterns of migration and habitar utilization in anadromous fishes? Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 192, 15-33.

Secor, D.H. & Piccoli, P.M. 1996. Age-and sex-dependent migrations of striped bass in the Hudson River as determined by Chemical microanalysis of otoliths. Estuaries 19, 778-793.

Secor, D.H. & Zdanowicz, V.S. 1998. Otolith microconstituent analysis of juvenile bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) from the Mediterranean Sea and Pacific Ocean. Fisheries Research 36, 251-256.

Secor, D.H. & Rooker, J.R. 2000. Is otolith strontium a useful scalar of life cycles in estuarine fishes? Fisheries Research 46, 359-371.

Seki, T, Taniuchi, T, Nakano, H. & Shimizu, M. 1998. Age, growth and reproduction of the oceanic Whitetip shark from the Pacific Ocean. Fisheries Science 64, 14-20.

Serra, J. 1982. Image analysis and mathematical morphology. London, uk: Academic Press Ltd.

Serra, J. 1988. Image analysis and mathematical morphology. II. Theoretical advances. London, uk: Academic Press Ltd.

Shackleton, L.Y. 1988. Scale shedding: an important factor in fossil fish scale studies. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions du Conseil international pour l’exploration de la mer 44, 259-263.

Shemesh, A., Charles, C.D. & Fairbanks, R.G. 1992. Oxygen isotopes in biogenic silica: global changes in ocean temperature and isotopic composition. Science 256, 1434-1436.

Shepherd, J.G. & Cushing, D.H. 1980. A mechanism for densitydependent survival of larval fish as the basis of a stock-recruitment relationship. Journal du Conseil permanent international pour l’exploration de la mer 39, 160-167.

Siegfried, R.C. & Weinstein, M.R 1989. Validation of daily increment deposition in the otolith of spot (Leiostomus xanthurus). Estuaries 12, 180-185.

Sigler, W.F. 1958. The ecology and use of carp in Utah. Utah Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 405, 1-62.

Simkiss, K. 1974. Calcium metabolism of fish in relation to ageing. In The ageing of fish (Bagenal, T.B., ed.), pp. 1-12. Old Woking, Surrey, uk: Unwin Brothers Ltd.

Simmons, D.J., Simmons, N.B. & Marshall, J.H. 1970. The uptake of calcium-45 in the acellular-boned toadfish. Calcified Tissue Research 5, 206-221.

Simoneaux, L.F. & Warlen, S.M. 1987. Occurrence of daily growth increments in otoliths of juvenile Atlantic menhaden. In Age and growth of fish (Summerfelt, R.C. & Hall, G.E., ed.), pp. 443-451. Ames, Iowa, usa: The Iowa State University Press.

Simpson, T.H. 1978. An interpretation of some endocrine rhythms in fishes. In Rhythmic activity of fishes (Thorpe, J.E., ed.), pp. 55-68. New York, usa: Academic Press.

Sinclair, M. & Tremblay, M.J. 1984. Timing of spawning of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus harengus) populations and the match-mismatch theory. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 41, 1055-1065.

Sire, J.Y. & Meunier, F.J. 1981. Structure et minéralisation de l’écaille d'Hemichromis bimaculatus (Téléostéen, Perciforme, Cichlidé). Archives de Zoologie expérimentale et générale 122, 133-150.

Sire, J.Y. 1985. Fibres d’ancrage et couche limitante externe à la surface des écailles des Cichlidae Hemichromis bimaculatus (Téléostéen, Perciforme): données ultrastructurales. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie, Paris 7, 163-180.

Sire, J.Y. 1987. Structure, formation et régénération des écailles d’un poisson Téléostéen, Hemichromis bimaculatus (Perciforme, Cichlidé). Paris, France : Archives et Documents, Micro-Édition, Institut d'Ethnologie, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, SN87-600449.

Sire, J.Y., Géraudie, J., Meunier, F.J. & Zylberberg, L. 1987. On rhe origin of ganoine: histological and ultrastructural data on the experimental regeneration of the scales of Calamoichthys calabaricus (Osteichthyes, Brachyopterygii, Polypteridae). American Journal of Anatomy 180, 391-402.

Sire, J.Y. 1988. Evidence thar mineralized spherules are involved in the formation of the superficial layer of the elsamoid scale in the cichlids Hemichromis bimaculatus and Cichlasoma octofasciatum (Pisces, Teleosts): an epidermal active participation. Celland Tissue Research 237, 537-547.

Sire, J.Y, Huysseune, A. & Meunier, F.J. 1990. Osteoclasts in Teleost fish: light-and electron-microscopical observations. Cell and Tissue Research 260, 85-94.

Small, G.J. & Hirschhorn, G. 1987. Computer-assisted age and growth pattern recognition of fish scales using a digitizing tablet. In Age and growth of Fish (Summerfelt, R.C. & Hall, G.E., ed.), pp. 397-410. Ames, Iowa, usa: The Iowa State University Press.

Smirina, E.M. 1974. Prospects of age determination by bone layers in reptilia. Zoologiceskij Zhurnal 53, 111-117.

Smith, J.V. 1974. Feldspar minerais. New York, usa: Springer.

Smith, S.V., Buddemeier, R.W., Redalje, R.C. & Houck, J.E. 1979. Strontium-calcium thermometry in coral skeletons. Science 204, 404-407.

Smith, S.E. 1984. Timing of vertebral-band deposition in tetracycline injected leopard sharks. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 113, 308-313.

Smith, J.N., Nelson, R. & Campana, S.E. 1991. The use of Pb-210/Ra-226 and Th-228/Ra-228 disequilibria in the ageing of otoliths of marine fish. In Radionuclides in the study of marine processes (Kershaw, P.J. & Woodhead, D.S., ed.), pp. 350-359. New York: Elsevier Applied Science.

Smith, D.C. 1992. Age determination and growth in fish and other aquatic animais. Hobbart, Australia: csiro Publications.

Smith, S.J., Hunt, J.J. & Rivard, D. 199.3. Risk evaluation and biological reference points for fisheries management. Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 120.

Smith, G.R. & Patterson, W.P. 1994. Mio-Pliocene seasonality on the Snake River plain: comparison of faunal and oxygen isotopic evidence. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 107, 291-302.

Smith, D.C., Fenton, G.E., Robertson, S.G. & Short, S.A. 1995. Age determination and growth of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus): a comparison of annulus counts with radiometric ageing. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, 391-401.

Smith, P.1995. What do changes in the frequency of resistance to oxytetracycline in the sediments under salmon farms mean? Bulletin of the Aquaculture Association of Canada 954, 21-25.

Sneed, K.E. 1951. A method for calculating the growth of channel catfish Ictalurus lacustris punctatus. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 80, 174-183.

Snyder, R.J., McKeown, B.A., Colbow, K. & Brown, R. 1992. Use of dissolved strontium in scale marking of juvenile salmonids: effects of concentration and exposure time. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49, 780-782.

Sogard, S.M. 1991. Interpretation of otolith microstructure in juvenile winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus): ontogénie development, daily increment validation, and somatic growth relationships. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 48, 1862-1871.

Sosa-Nishizaki, O., Shimizu, M. & Nose, Y. 1989. The potential use of the second dorsal fin rays of skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis as an aging character. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 55, 1559-1564.

Sparre, R 1991. Introduction to multispecies virtual population analysis. ices Marine Science Symposia 193, 225-236.

Steenstrup, J. 1861. Sur la différence entre les poissons osseux et les poissons cartilagineux au point de vue de la formation des écailles. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie, Paris, 4e sér. 15, 368.

Stefansson, G. & Palsson, O.K. 1998. A framework for multispecies modelling of Arcto-boreal Systems. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries8, 101-104.

Stephan, P. 1900. Recherches histologiques sur la structure du tissu osseux des poissons. Bulletin Scientifique de la France et de la Belgique 33, 281-429.

Stéquert, B., Panfili, J. & Dean, J.M. 1995. Age and growth of yellowfin tuna, Thunnus alhacares, from the western Indian Ocean, based on otolith microstructure. Fishery Bulletin 94, 124-134.

Stevenson, D.K. & Campana, S.E. 1992. Otolith microstructure examination and analysis. Ottawa, Canada: Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 117.

Stewart, B.D., Fenton, G.E., Smith, D.C. & Short, S.A. 1995. Validation of otolith-increment age estimates for a deepwater fish species, the warty oreo Allocyttus verrucosus, by radiometric analysis. Marine Biology 123, 29-38.

Stuiver, M. & Polach, H.A. 1977. Discussion: reporting of C-14 data. Radiocarbon 19, 355-363.

Summerfelt, R.C. & Hall, G.E. 1987. Age and Growth of Fish. Ames, Iowa, usa: Iowa State University Press.

Suter, W. & Morel, P.1996. Pellet analysis in the assessment of Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo diet: reducing biases from otolith wear when reconstructing fish length. Colonial Waterbirds 19, 280-284.

Suthers, I.M. & Sundby, S. 1993. Dispersai and growth of pelagic juvenile Arcto-Norwegian cod (Gadus morhua), inferred from otolith microstructure and water temperature. ICES Journal of Marine Science 50, 261-270.

Sych, R. 1974. The sources of errors in ageing fish and considerations of the proofs of reliability. In The ageing of fish (Bagenal, T.B., ed.), pp. 78-86. London, uk: Unwin Brothers Ltd.

Szedlmayer, S.T., Szedlmayer, M.M. & Sieracki, M.E. 1991. Automated enumeration by computer digitization of age-0 weakfish Cynoscion regalis scale circuli. Fishery Bulletin 89, 337-340.

Szedlmayer, S.T. & Howe, J.C. 1995. An evaluation of six marking methods for age-0 red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. Fishery Bulletin 93, 191-195.

Szedlmayer, S.T. & Conti, J. 1999. Nursery habitats, growth rates, and seasonality of age-0 red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus, in the northeast Gulf of Mexico. Fishery Bulletin 97, 626-635.

Takagi, Y., Hirano, T. & Yamada, J. 1989. In vitro measurements of calcium influx into isolated goldfish scales in reference to the effects of putative fish calcemic hormones. Zoological Sciences 6, 83-89.

Takagi, Y. 1997. Meshwork arrangement of mitochondria-rich, Na+, K+-ATPase-rich cells in the saccular epithelium of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) inner ear. Anatomical Record 248, 483-489.

Tanaka, K., Mugiya, Y. & Yamada, J. 1981. Effects of photoperiod and feeding on daily growth patterns in otoliths of juvenile Tilapia nilotica. Fishery Bulletin 79, 459-466.

Tanaka, S. 1990. Age and growth studies on the calcified structures of newborn sharks in laboratory aquaria using tetracycline. In Elasmobranchs as living resources: advances in the biology, ecology, systematics, and the status of the fisheries (Pratt, H., Gruber, S.H. & Taniuchi, T., ed.), pp. 189-202, noaa Tech. Rep., nmfs, 90.

Taubert, B.D. & Coble, D.W. 1977. Daily rings in otoliths of three species of Lepomis and Tilapia mossambica. Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada 34, 332-340.

Templeman, W. & Squires, H.J. 1956. Relationship of otolith lengths and weights in the haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus (L.) to the rate of growth of the fish. Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada 13, 467-487.

Termine, J.D. 1972. Mineral chemistry and skeletal biology. Clinicai Orthopaedics and Related Research 85, 207-241.

Thomas, L.M., Holt, S.A. & Arnold, C.R. 1995. Chemical marking techniques for larval and juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) otoliths using different fluorescent markers. In Recent developments in fish otolith research (Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 703-717. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Thomson, J.S. 1904. The periodic growth of scales in Gadidae as an index of age. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United-Kingdom, Plymouth 7, 1-109.

Thomson, K.S. & McCune, A.R. 1984. Scale structure as evidence of growth patterns in fossil semionotid fishes. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 4, 422-429.

Thorogood, J. 1986. New technique for sampling otoliths of sashimigrade scombrid fishes. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 115, 913-914.

Thorrold, S.R. & Milicich, M.J. 1990. Comparison of larval duration and pre-and post-settlement growth in two species of damselfish, Chromis atripectoralis and Pomacentrus coelestis (Pisces, Pomacentridae), from the Great Barrier Reef. Marine Biology 105, 375-384.

Thorrold, S.R., Campana, S.E., Jones, C.M. & Swart, P.K. 1997. Factors determining delta C-13 and delta 0-18 fractionation in aragonitic otoliths of marine fish. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 61, 2909-2919.

Thorrold, S.R., Jones, C.M., Campana, S.E., McLaren, J.W. & Lam, J.W.H. 1998a. Trace element signatures in otoliths record natal river of juvenile American shad (Alosa sapidissima). Limnology and Oceanography 43, 1826-1835.

Thorrold, S.R., Jones, C.M., Swart, P.K. & Targett, T.E. 1998b. Accurate classification of juvenile weakfish Cynoscion regalis to estuarine nursery areas based on chemical signatures in otoliths. Marine Ecology Progress Series 173, 253-265.

Thorrold, S.R. & Shuttleworth, S. 2000. In situ analysis of trace elements and isotope ratios in fish otoliths using laser ablation sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57, 1232-1242.

Thresher, R.E., Proctor, C.H., Gunn, J.S. & Harrowfield, I.R. 1994. An evaluation of electron-probe microanalysis of otoliths for stock delineation and identification of nursery areas in a Southern temperate groundfish, Nemadactylus macropterus (Cheilodactylidae). Fishery Bulletin 92, 817-840.

Thresher, R.E. 1999. Elemental composition of otoliths as a stock delineator in fishes. Fisheries Research 43, 165-204.

Tims, H.W.M. 1906. The development, structure and morphology of the scales in some teleostean fish. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Sciences 49, 39-68.

Titus, R.G. & Mosegaard, H. 1991. Selection for growth potential among migratory brown trout {Salmo trutta) fry competing for terterritories: evidence from otoliths. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 48, 19-27.

Tochon-Danguy, H.J. & Schönbörner, A.A. 1981. Étude biophysique de la substance minérale osseuse des poissons. Ichthyophysiologica Acta 5, 63-74.

Tomás, J. & Panfili, J. 2000. Otolith microstructure examination and growth patterns of Winciguerria nimbaria (Photichthyidae) in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. Fisheries Research 46, 131-145.

Toole, C.L. & Nielsen, R.L. 1992. Effects of microprobe precision on hypotheses related to otolith Sr/Ca ratios. Fishery Bulletin 90, 421-427.

Toole, C.L., Markle, D.F. & Harris, PM. 1993. Relationships between otolith microstructure, microchemistry, and early life history events in Dover sole, Microstomus pacificus. Fishery Bulletin 91, 732-753.

Torres, G.J., Lombarte, A. & Morales-Nin, B. 2000. Sagittal otolith size and shape variability to identify geographical intraspecific differences in three species of the genus Merluccius. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United-Kingdom, Plymonth 80, 333-342.

Townsend, D.W., Radtke, R.L., Corwin, S. & Libby, D.A. 1992. Strontium/calcium ratios in juvenile Atlantic herring Clupea harengus L. otoliths as a function of water temperature. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 160, 131-140.

Townsend, D.W., Radtke, R.L., Malone, D.P & Wallinga, J.P.1995. Use of otolith strontium/calcium ratios for hindcasting larval cod Gadus morhua distributions relative to water masses on Georges Bank. Marine Ecology Progress Series 119, 37-44.

Trébaol, L., Francillon-Vieillot, H. & Meunier, F. J. 1991 • Étude de la croissance des mâchoires pharyngiennes chez Trachinotns teraia (Carangidae, Perciforme) à l'aide de la technique du marquage vital. Cybium 15, 263-270.

Trichet, J. & Defarge, C. 1995. Non-biologically supported organomineralization. In Biomineralization 93. 7th International Symposium on Biomineralization, Monaco, 17-20 November 1993: 2 Physiological Process in Biomineralization; 3 Free Organic Compounds (Allemamd, D. & Cuif, J. P, ed.), pp. 265-271. Monaco: Bulletin de l’Institut Océanographique de Monaco, no spécial 14, 2.

Troadec, H. 1991. Frequency demodulation on otolith numerical images for the automation of fish age estimation. Aquatic Living Resources 4, 207-219.

Troadec, H. 1992. Reconnaissance de structures sur des pièces calcifiées par imagerie numérique dans un but de suivi d’un stock halieutique. Thèse de Doctorat, Université Paris VII, 257p.

Troadec, H., Benzinou, A., Rodin, V. & Fe Bihan, J. 2000. Use of deformable template for two-dimensional growth ring detection of otoliths by digital image processing: application to plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) otoliths. Fisheries Research 46, 155-163.

Tserpes, G. & Tsimenides, N. 1995. Determination of age and growth of swordfish, Xiphias gladius F., 1758, in the eastern Mediterranean using anal-fin spines. Fishery Bulletin 93, 594-602.

Tsukamoto, K. 1985. Mass-marking of ayu eggs and larvae by tetracycline-tagging of otolichs. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 51, 903-911.

Tsukamoto, K. 1988. Otolith tagging of ayu with fluorescent substances. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 54, 1289-1295.

Tsukamoto, K., Kuwada, H., Hirokawa, J., Oya, M., Sekiya, S., Fujimoto, H. & Imaizumi, K. 1989a. Size-dependent mortality of red sea bream, Pagrus major, juveniles released with fluorescent otolith-tags in News Bay, Japan. Journalof Fish Biology 35(Suppl. A), 59-70.

Tsukamoto, K., Seki, Y., Oba, T, Oya, M. & Iwahashi, M. 1989b. Application of otolith to migration study of salmonids. Physiological Ecology of Japan 1, 119-140.

Tuljapurkar, S. & Caswell, H. 1996. Structured-population models in marine, terrestrial and freshwater Systems. New York, usa, Chapman & Hall, Inc.

Tzeng, W.N. & Yu, S.Y. 1989. Validation of daily growth increments in otoliths of milkfish larvae by oxytetracycline labelling. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 118, 168-174.

Tzeng, W.N., Severin, K.P. & Wickstroem, H. 1997. Use of otolith microchemistry to investigate the environmental history of European eel Anguilla anguilla. Marine Ecology Progress Series 149, 73-81.

Umezawa, A. & Tsukamoto, K. 1991. Factors influencing otolith increment formation in Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica T. & S., elvers. Journal of Fish Biology 39, 211-223.

Van Beek, F., Vingerhoed, B. & Schelvis, D. 1997. Development of a protype Otolith Line for routine age reading of demersal species (otolin). rivo-dlo Final Report co27/97, dg xiv-Directorate General Fisheries of the European Commission, 48p.

Van der Veer, H.W., Geffen, A. J. & Witte, J.I.J. 2000. Exceptionally strong year classes in plaice Pleuronectes platessa: are they generated during the pelagic stage only, or also in the juvenile stage? Marine Ecology Progress Series 199, 255-262.

Van der Waal, B.C.W. & Schoonbee, H.J. 1975. Age and growth studies of Ciarias gariepinus (Burchell) (Clariidae) in the Transvaal, South Africa. Journal of Fish Biology 7, 227-233.

Van Neer, W. 1993a. Limits of incremental growth in seasonality stustu-dies: the example of the clariid pectoral spines from the ByzantinoIslamic site of Apamea (Syria; sixth to seventh century AD). International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 3, 119-127.

Van Neer, W. 1993b. Daily growth increments on fish otoliths as seasonality indicators on archaeological sites: the tilapia from Late Palaeolithic Makhadma in Egypt. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 3, 214-248.

Van Neer, W., Lougas, L. & Rijnsdorp, A. 1999. Reconstructing age distribution, season of capture and growth rate of fish from archaeological sites based on otoliths and vertebrae. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 9, 116-130.

Van Oosten, J. 1957. The skin and scales. In The physiology of fishes (Brown, M.E., ed.), pp. 207-244. New York, usa: Academy Press.

Van Someren, V.D. 1937. A preliminary investigation into the causes of scale absorption in Salmon (Salmo salar L.). Fishery Board of Scotland, Salmon Fisheries 11, 1-11.

Van Utrecht, W.L. & Schenkkan, E.J. 1972. On the analysis of the periodicity in the growth of scales, vertebrae and other hard structures in a Teleost. Aquaculture 1, 293-316.

Vas, R, Stevens, J.D., Bonwick, G.A. & tizini, o.a. 1990. cadmium, manganese, and zinc concentrations in vertebrae of blue shark and shortfin mako in Australian coastal waters. Marine Pollution Bulletin 21, 203-206.

Vasil’kov, V.P. 1977. The information-recording properties of the scales of the New Zealand jackassfish (Cheilodactylus macropterus) and their use to obtain information on growth rhythms. Journal of Ichtyology 17, 375-381.

Vasil’kov, V.P. 1979. The significance, nature and possible causes of growth rhythms in fish. Journal of Ichtyology 19, 56-63.

Vaughan, S. & Smith, P.1996. Estimation of the influence of a river sediment on the biological activity of oxytetracycline hydrochloride. Aquaculture 141, 67-76.

Veinott, G., Northcote, T., Rosenau, M. & Evans, R.D. 1999. Concentrations of strontium in the pectoral fin rays of the white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanas) by laser ablation sampling-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry as an indicator of marine migrations. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, 1981-1990.

Veinott, G.I. & Evans, R.D. 1999. An examination of elemental stability in the fin ray of the white sturgeon with laser ablation sampling-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (las-icpms). Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 128, 352-361.

Vianet, R., Quignard, J.P. & Tomasini, J.A. 1989. Âge et croissance de quatre poissons pleuronectiformes (flet, turbot, barbue, sole) dans le Golfe du Lion. Evolution de la structure de la sagitta. Cybium 13, 247-258.

Vibert, R. & Lagler, K.F. 1961. Pêches continentales. Biologie et aménagement. Paris, France: Dunod.

Victor, B.C. & Brothers, E.D. 1982. Age and growth of the fallfish Semotilus corporalis with daily otolith increments as a method of annulus verification. Canadian Journal of Zoology 60, 2543.

Vilizzi, L. & Walker, K.F. 1999. Age and growth of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio, in the River Murray, Australia: validation, consistency of age interpretation, and growth models. Environmental Biology of Fishes 54, 77-106.

Villiers S. (de), 1999. Seawater strontium and Sr/Ca variability in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 171, 623-634.

Volk, E.C., Wissmar, R.C., Simenstad, C.A. & Eggers, D.M. 1984. Relationship between otolith microstructure and the growth of juvenile chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) under different prey rations. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 41, 126-133.

Volk, E.C., Schroder, S.L. & Fresh, K.L. 1990. Inducement of unique otolith banding patterns as a practical means to mass-marking juvenile Pacific salmon. American Fisheries Society Symposium 7, 203-215.

Volk, E.C., Schroder, S.L. & Grimm, J.J. 1994. Use of a bar code symbology to produce multiple thermally-induced otolith marks. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 123, 811-816.

Volk, E.C., Mortensen, D.G. & Wertheimer, A.C. 1995. Non-daily otolith increments and seasonal changes in growth of a pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorhuschd) population in Auke Bay, Alaska. In Recent developments in fish otolith research (Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 211-225. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Volk, E.C., Schroder, S.L. & Grimm, J.J. 1999. Otolith thermal marking. Fisheries Research 43, 205-219.

Wainright, S.C., Fuller, C.M., Michener, R.H. & Richards, R.A. 1996. Spatial variation of trophic position and growth rate of juvenile striped bass (Morone saxatilis) in the Delaware River. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 53, 685-692.

Walter, E. 1901. Die Alterbestimmung des Karpfens nach der Schuppe. In Die Karpfenzucht ed.), pp. 88-132. Neudamm.

Warburton, K. 1978. Age and growth determination in marine catfish using an otolith check technique. Journal of Fish Biology 13, 429-434.

Ware, D.M. 1975. Growth, metabolism and optimal swimming speed of apelagic fish. Journal of Fisheries Research Board Canada 32, 33-41.

Watabe, N., Tanaka, K., Yamada, J. & Dean, J.M. 1982. Scanning electron microscope observations of the organic matrix in the otolith of the Teleost fish Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus) and Tilapia nilotica (Linnaeus). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 58, 127-134.

Watanabe, Y. & Saito, H. 1998. Feeding and growth of early juvenile Japanese sardines in the Pacific waters off central Japan. Journal of Fish Biology 52, 519-533.

Watarai, O. & Igarashi, M. 1990. An optical pattern reader and analyzer for scale of chum salmon. In Proceedings of an ieee Ocean Engineering Society (ocean’90, ed.), ocean’90, pp. 321-326.

Watarai, O. & Igarashi, M. 1992. A chum scale pattern analyzer and stock identification based on scale patterns by discriminant function and power spectrum analysis. ieee Journal of Oceanographic Engineering 17, 280-287.

Watson, J.E. 1965. A technique for mounting and storing herring otoliths. Transaction of the American Fisheries Society 94, 267-268.

Weber, D. & Rigway, G.J. 1967. Marking Pacific salmon with tetracycline antibiotics. Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada 24, 849-865.

Weidman, C.R. & Jones, G.A. 1993. A shell-derived time history of bomb (super 14) C on Georges Bank and its Labrador Sea implications. Journal of Geophysical Research 98, 14,577-14,588.

Weidman, C.R. & Millner, R. 2000. High-resolution stable isotope records from North Atlantic cod. Fisheries Research 199, 327-342.

Weiss, R.E. & Watabe, N. 1979. Studies on the biology of fish bone. III. Ultrastructure of osteogenesis and resorption in osteocytic (cellular) and anosteocytic (acellular) bones. Calcified Tissue International 28, 43-56.

Welleman, H.C. & Storbeck, F. 1995. Automatic aging of plaice (Pleuronectes platessa L.) otoliths by means of image analysis. In Recent developments in fish otolith research (Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 271-282. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Wellington, G.M. & Dunbar, R.B. 1995. Stable isotopic signature of El Nino-Southern Oscillation events in eastern tropical Pacific reef corais. Coral Reefs 14, 5-25.

Werder, U. & Soares, G.M. 1984. Age determination by sclerite numbers, and scale variations in six fish species from the Central Amazon (Osteichthyes, Characoidei). Amazoniana 8, 395-420.

West, C.J. & Larkin, PA. 1987. Evidence for size-selective mortality of juvenile sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in Babine Lake, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44, 712-721.

West, I.F. & Gauldie, R.W. 1994. Determination of fish age using super(210)Pb: super(226)Ra disequilibrium methods. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51, 2333-2340.

Wheeler, A.P., George, J. W. & Evans, C.A. 1981. Control of calcium carbonate nucleation and crystal growth by soluble matrix of oyster shell. Science 212, 1397-1398.

Whitear, M., Mittal, A.K. & Lane, E.B. 1980. Endothelial layers in fish skin. Journal of Fish Biology 17, 43-65.

Whitear, M. 1986. The skin of the fishes including the cyclostomes. Epidermis. Dennis. In Biology of the Integument. II. Vertebrates (Bereiter-Hahn, J., Matoltsy, A.G. & Richards, K.S., ed.), pp. 8-64. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Tokyo: Springer Verlag.

Wilbur, K.M. 1980. Cells, crystals and skeleton. In The mechanisms of biomineralization in animais and plants (Omori, M. & Watabe, N., ed.), pp. 3-10. Tokyo, Japan: Tokai University Press.

Wilbur, K.M. & Saleuddin, A.S.M. 1983. Shell formation. In The Mollusca. IV. Physiology (Part 1) (Saleuddin, A.S.M. & Wilbur, K.M., ed.), pp. 235-287.

Williams, T. & Bedford, B.C. 1974. The use of otoliths for age determination. In The ageing of fish (Bagenal, T.B., ed.), pp. 114-123. London, uk: Unwin Brothers Ltd.

Wilson, C.A., Brothers, E.B., Casselman, J.M., Smith, C.L. & Wild, A. 1983. Glossary. In Proceedings of the international workshop on age determination of oceanic pelagic fishes: Tunas, Billfishes, and Sharks (Prince, E.D. & Pulos, L.M., ed.), pp. 207-208, noaa Technical Report nmfs 8.

Wilson, C.A., Beckman, D.W. & Dean, J.M. 1987. Calcein as a fluorescent marker of otoliths of larval and juvenile fish. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 116, 668-670.

Wilson, K.H. & Larkin, PA. 1982. Relationship between thickness of daily growth increments in sagittae and change in body weight in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) fry. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39, 1335-1339.

Winemiller, K.O. 1987. Feeding and reproductive biology of the currito, Hoplosternum littorale, in the Venezuelan llanos with continents on the possible function of the enlarged male pectoral spines. Environmental Biology of Fishes 20, 219-227.

Winge, O. 1915. On the value of the rings in the scales of the cod as a means of age determination. Illustrated by marking experiments. Medd. Komm. Havund, ser. Fisk 4, 1-20.

Wintner, S.P. & Cliff, G. 1999. Age and growth determination of the white shark, Carcharodon carcharias, from the east coast of South Africa. Fishery Bulletin 97, 153-169.

Wright, P.J. 1990. The periodicity and formation of otolith increments in Salmo salar and Gasterosteus aculeatus. PhD Thesis, University of Glasgow, 268p.

Wright, P.J., Metcalfe, N.B. & Thorpe, J.E. 1990. Otolith and somatic growth rates in Atlantic salmon parr, Salmo salar L.: evidence against coupling. Journal of Fish Biology 36, 241-249.

Wright, P.J. 1991a. The influence of metabolic rate on otolith increment width in Atlantic salmon parr, Salmo salar L. Journal of Fish Biology 38, 929-933.

Wright, P.J. 1991b. Calcium binding by soluble matrix of the otoliths of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. journal of Fish Biology 38, 625-627.

Wright, P.J., Rowe, D. &Thorpe,J.E. 1991. Daily growth increments in the otoliths of Atlantic salmon parr, Salmo salar L., and the influence of environmental factors on their periodicity. Journal of Fish Biology 39, 103-113.

Wright, P.J., Thalbot, C. & Thorpe, J.E. 1992. Otolith calcification in Atlantic salmon parr, Salmo salar L., and its relation to photoperiod and calcium metabolism. Journal of Fish Biology 40, 779-790.

Wright, P.J. 1993. Otolith microstructure of the lesser sabdeel, Ammodytes marinus. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United-Kingdom, Plymouth 73, 245-248.

Wright, P.J. & Bailey, M.C. 1996. Timing of hatching in Ammodytes marinus from Shetland waters and its significance to early growth and survivorship. Marine Biology 126, 143-152.

Wright, P.J., Geffen, A.J., Gordon, J., Morales-Nin, B., Palomeres, J.I. & Rebelo, J. 1998. Interpreting otolith microstructure. In Otolith preparation and analysis (Wright, P.J., ed.), EFAN Report 2/1998.

Wright, P.J., Fallon-Cousins, P. & Armstrong, J.D. 2001. The relationship between otolith accretion and resting metabolic rate in juvenile Atlantic salmon during a change in temperature. Journal of Fish Biology 59, 657-666.

Wurster, C.M., Patterson, W.P. & Cheatham, M.M. 1999. Advances in micromilling techniques: a new apparatus for acquiring highresolution oxygen and carbon stable isotope values and major/m inor elemental ratios from accretionary carbonate. Computers & Geosciences 46, 1159.

Xiao, Y. 1996. How does somatic growth rate affect otolith size in fishes? Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 53, 1675-1682.

Yamada, S.B., Mulligan, T.J. & Fournier, D. 1987. Role of environment and stock on the elemental composition of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) vertebrae. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44, 1206-1212.

Yamamoto, T., Ueda, H. & Higashi, S. 1998. Correlation among dominance status, metabolic rate and otolith size in masu salmon. Journal of Fish Biology 52, 281-290.

Yoneda, M., Tokimura, M., Fujita, H., Takeshita, N., Takeshita, K., Matsuyama, M. & Matsuura, S. 1997. Age and growth of anglerfish Lophius litulon in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea. Fisheries Science 63, 887-892.

Yosef, T.G. & Casselman, J.M. 1995. A procedure for increasing the precision of otolith age determination of tropical fish by differentiating biannual recruitment. In Recent developments in fish otolith research (Secor, D.H., Dean, J.M. & Campana, S.E., ed.), pp. 247-269. Columbia, sc, usa: University of South Carolina Press.

Yoshinaga, J., Nakama, A., Morita, M. & Edmonds, J.S. 2000. Fish otolith reference material for quality assurance of Chemical analyses. Marine Chemistry 69, 91-97.

Yoshioka, S., Ohde, S., Oomori, T. & Kitano, Y. 1985. Dissolution of magnesium and strontium during the transformation of coral aragonite to calcite in aqueous solution. Galaxea 4, 99-111.

Younker, J.L. & Ehrlich, R. 1977. Fourier biometrics: harmonic amplitudes as multivariate shape descriptors. Systematic Zoology 26, 336-342.

Yudin, K.G. & Cailliet, G.M. 1990. Age and growth of the gray smoothhound, Mustelus californicus and the brown smoothhound, M. henlei, sharks from Central California. Copeia 1, 191-204.

Zhang, Z. & Runham, N.W. 1992a. Otolith microstructure pattern in Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Journal of Fish Biology 40, 325-332.

Zhang, Z. & Runham, N.W. 1992b. Temporal deposition of incremental and discontinuous zones in the otoliths of Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Journal of Fish Biology 40, 333-339.

Zhang, Z. & Beamish, R.J. 2000. Use of otolith microstructure to study life history of juvenile chinook salmon in the Strait of Georgia in 1995 and 1996. Fisheries Research 46, 239-250.

Zivkov, M. 1996. Critique of proportional hypotheses and methods for back-calculation of fish growth. Environmental Biology of Fishes 46, 309-320.

Zylberberg, L. & Meunier, F.J. 1981. Evidence of denticles and attachment fibres in the superficial layer of scales in two fishes: Carassius auratus and Cyprinus carpio (Cyprinidae, Teleostei). Journal of Zoology (London) 195, 459-471.

Zylberberg, L. & Nicolas, G. 1982. Ultrastructure of scales in a teleost (Carassius auratus L.) after use of rapid freeze-fixation. Cell and Tissile Research 223, 349-367.

Zylberberg, L., Géraudie, J., Meunier, F.J. & Sire, J.Y. 1992. Biomineralization in the integumental skeleton of the living lower Vertebrates. In Bone (Hall, B.K., ed.), pp. 171-224. crc Press.

Zylberberg, L. & Meunier, F.J. 1996. Ultrastructural data on the melanophores associated with the cellular elasmoid scales in Leporinus friderici (Teleostei, Ostariophysi, Anostomidae): their putative participation in scale matrix formation. Journal of Morphology 228, 155-164.

Zylstra, U., Boer, H.H. & Sminia, T.1978. Ultrastructure, histology, and innervation of the mantle edge of the freshwater pulmonate snails Lymnaea stagnalis and Biomphalaria pfeiffery. Calcareous Tissue Research 26, 271-282.

Salvo indicación contraria, el texto y otros elementos (ilustraciones, archivos adicionales importados) se puede utilizar bajo licencia OpenEdition Books License.

Esta publicación digital es el resultado de un proceso automático de reconocimiento óptico de caracteres.
Buscar en OpenEdition Search

Se le redirigirá a OpenEdition Search