Rural societies in the face of climatic and environmental changes in West Africa
The future of West Africa depends on the capacity of its agriculture to ensure the food security of the population, which should double in the next 20 years, while facing up to the new risks resulting from climate warming. Indeed, the changes in temperature and precipitations already operating and that should become more marked will have serious effects on agricultural production and water resources in this part of Africa in the near future.
One of the keys to meeting this new challenge is t...
Éditeur : IRD Éditions
Lieu d’édition : Marseille
Publication sur OpenEdition Books : 9 juin 2020
ISBN numérique : 978-2-7099-2425-2
DOI : 10.4000/books.irdeditions.12298
Collection : Synthèses
Année d’édition : 2017
ISBN (Édition imprimée) : 978-2-7099-2424-5
Nombre de pages : 432
Benjamin Sultan, Richard Lalou, Amadou Oumarou et al.
IntroductionPart I. Recent and future climate change in West Africa. Obvious features, uncertainties and perceptions
Théo Vischel
IntroductionFrançoise Guichard, Laurent Kergoat, Frédéric Hourdin et al.
Chapter 1. Climate warming observed in the Sahel since 1950Théo Vischel, Thierry Lebel, Gérémy Panthou et al.
Chapter 2. The return of a wet period in the Sahel?Observations and prospects
Abdoulaye Deme, Amadou Thierno Gaye et Frédéric Hourdin
Chapter 3. Climate projections in West Africa: the obvious and the uncertainFrédéric Kosmowski, Richard Lalou, Benjamin Sultan et al.
Chapter 4. Contrasting perceptions with climate changeScientific observations in three West African contexts
Anne Attané, Amadou Oumarou et Mame Arame Soumaré
Chapter 5. When nature talks to usComparative analysis of representations of climatic and environmental changes
Part II. Impacts of the climate and environmental changes
Laurent Kergoat
IntroductionCécile Dardel, Laurent Kergoat, Pierre Hiernaux et al.
Chapter 6. Between desertification and regreening of the SahelWhat is really happening?
Luc Descroix, Gil Mahé, Jean-claude Olivry et al.
Chapter 7. Anthropic and environmental factors involved in the increase in flooding in the SahelPierre Hiernaux, Mamadou Oumar Diawara, Laurent Kergoat et al.
Chapter 8. The forage constraint in pastoral and agropastoral livestock farming in the SahelAdaptation and prospects
Laurent Kergoat, Manuela Grippa, Pierre Hiernaux et al.
Chapter 9. Paradoxical pond changes in the non-cultivated SahelDiagnosis, causes and consequences
Benjamin Sultan, Philippe Roudier et Seydou Traoré
Chapter 10. The impacts of climate change on crop yields in West AfricaPart III. Social changes in rural populations
Bénédicte Gastineau
IntroductionBénédicte Gastineau, Moustapha Gibigaye, Frédéric Kosmowski et al.
Chapter 11. Rural populations faced with environmental hazardsAfrican experiences
Fabrice Gangneron et Élodie Robert
Chapter 12. Land rights and fertility managementTwo different perspectives: Djougou (Benin) and Niakhar (Senegal)
Alain Bonnassieux et Fabrice Gangneron
Chapter 13. The role of seasonal and pluri-annual migration in reducing vulnerabilityHombori and Djougou districts
Richard Lalou et Valérie Delaunay
Chapter 14. Seasonal migration and climate change in rural SenegalA form of adaptation or failure to adapt?
Amadou Oumarou
Chapter 15. Female migration, a non-farming strategy for adaptation to climatic and environmental changes in the Imanan (Niger)Abdoulaye Mohamadou et Harouna Abdoutan
Chapter 16. Political changes, landholding dynamics and socio-economic reconstructionImanan administrative district (Niger)
Part IV. Adaptation of farming systems, innovations
Richard Lalou
IntroductionFrédéric Kosmowski, Moustapha Gibigaye, Bertrand Muller et al.
Chapter 17. Innovation in rural West AfricaWhat changes in farming practices?
Bertrand Muller, Richard Lalou, Patrice Kouakou et al.
Chapter 18. The return of Sanio millet in the SineRational adaptation to climate evolution
Élise Audouin, Jonathan Vayssières, Mariana Odru et al.
Chapter 19. Reintroducing livestock to increase the sustainability of village landscapes in West AfricaThe case of groundnut basin in Senegal
Ramatou Hassane
Chapter 20. An example of adaptative strategy in the face of food insecurityPotato growing in the Imanan (Niger-republic)
Benjamin Sultan, Richard Lalou, Mouftaou Amadou Sanni et al.
ConclusionThe future of West Africa depends on the capacity of its agriculture to ensure the food security of the population, which should double in the next 20 years, while facing up to the new risks resulting from climate warming. Indeed, the changes in temperature and precipitations already operating and that should become more marked will have serious effects on agricultural production and water resources in this part of Africa in the near future.
One of the keys to meeting this new challenge is the adaptation of rural societies to climate risks. To gain better knowledge of the potential, processes and barriers, this book analyses recent and ongoing trends in the climate and the environment and examines how rural societies perceive and integrate them: what are the impacts of these changes, what vulnerabilities are there but also what new opportunities do they bring? How do the populations adapt and what innovations do they implement—while the climate-induced effects interact with the social, political, economic and technical changes that are in motion in Africa?
By associating French and African scientists (climatologists, agronomists, hydrologists, ecologists, demographers, geographers, anthropologists, sociologists and others) in a multidisciplinary approach, the book makes a valuable contribution to better anticipation of climatic risks and the evaluation of African societies to stand up to them.
Climatologist, IRD, UMR 7159 Locean (UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHN), IPSL
Demographer, IRD, LPED (Laboratoire population-environnement-développement), UMR 151 IRD/AMU, Marseille, France
Demographer, ENSPD (École nationale de la statistique, de la planification et de la démographie), Université de Parakou (UP), Benin
Socio-anthropologist, Université Abdou-Moumouni, chercheur au Lasdel (Laboratoire d’études et de recherches sur les dynamiques sociales), Niamey, Niger.
Geographer, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (Ucad), Dakar, Sénégal et chercheuse associée à l’IRD, LPED (Laboratoire population-environnement-développement), UMR 151 IRD/AMU, Marseille, France
Le texte seul est utilisable sous licence Licence OpenEdition Books. Les autres éléments (illustrations, fichiers annexes importés) sont « Tous droits réservés », sauf mention contraire.
Du social hors la loi
L’anthropologie analytique de Christian Geffray
Yann Guillaud et Frédéric Létang (dir.)
2009
Gestion durable des eaux et des sols au Maroc
Valorisation des techniques traditionnelles méditerranéennes
Éric Roose, Mohamed Sabir et Abdellah Laouina
2010
Madagascar face au défi des Objectifs du millénaire pour le développement
Bénédicte Gastineau, Flore Gubert, Anne-Sophie Robilliard et al. (dir.)
2010
Le projet majeur africain de la Grande Muraille Verte
Concepts et mise en œuvre
Abdoulaye Dia et Robin Duponnois (dir.)
2010
La Grande Muraille Verte
Capitalisation des recherches et valorisation des savoirs locaux
Abdoulaye Dia et Robin Duponnois (dir.)
2012
Parcours de recherche à Madagascar
L’IRD-Orstom et ses partenaires
Christian Feller et Frédéric Sandron (dir.)
2010
Pratiques et représentations linguistiques en Guyane
Regards croisés
Isabelle Léglise et Bettina Migge (dir.)
2008
Les sociétés rurales face aux changements climatiques et environnementaux en Afrique de l’Ouest
Benjamin Sultan, Richard Lalou, Mouftaou Amadou Sanni et al. (dir.)
2015
Aires marine protégées ouest-africaines
Défis scientifiques et enjeux sociétaux
Marie Bonnin, Raymond Laë et Mohamed Behnassi (dir.)
2015