References
p. 75-86
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Olaniyi, R. O., 2003, “Nationalist Movement in a Multi- Ethnic-Community of Sabongari Kano” in M. Hambolu (ed.), Perspectives on Kano-British Relations (Kano: Gidan Makama Museum).
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Archival Materials
- Report on the Kano Disturbances 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th May 1953, Government Printer, 1953.
- Kano Prof: KPL/Mal: 8328/S.l, n.d.
- Annual Report: N.A. Police, 1953.
Newspapers and Magazine
Adamu Abdullahi, “Nigeria Police Demoralised by Long Military Rule,” in The Triumph, 21st January, 2000, p. 1 and 12.
Adamu Abdullahi, “Embrace Hisbah, Shekarau Urges Police,” in Weekend Triumph, 25th December, 2004, p. 3.
Adamu Abuh, “Police in Kano Warn Hisba Outfit on Sharia Implementation,” in The Guardian, November 6th, 2004, p. 3.
Adamu Abuh, “9,000 Hisba Guards on Safe Road Prowl in Kano," in The Guardian, 9th August, 2005, p. 14.
Adamu Abuh, “Kano Decries Police Refusal to Enforce Sharia," in The Guardian, 17th August, 2005 p. 5.
Augustine Madu-West, “Police Resist Pressure to Release Sharia Enforcers,” in Daily Independent, 22nd November, 2004, p. 1 and 2.
Augustine Madu-West, “Sharia: Kano Government Accuses Police of Sabotage,” in Daily Independent, 17th August, 2005, p. A13. "Armed Banditry: LG Reactivates Vigilante Group,” in Daily Trust, April 5th, 2005, p. 34.
Ayuba H. Kaltungo, “Illegal Vigilante in Gombe,” in Nigerian Tribune, 25th March, 2005, p. 9.
Baba Alawusa, “When the Police Turn Armed Robbers!” in Weekly Triumph May 7th, 2005, p. 20.
Bala Abubakar, “Hisbah Board Pledges to Fight Social Vices,” in Daily Triumph, 4th January, 2005, p. 8.
Chinedu Wosu, “Robbers Storm Police Station, Snatch Cops’ Salaries,” in Daily Champion, March 31st, 2005, p. 1 “Commissioner of Police Deploys Officers, Ranks, Files of Sabon-Gari Stations”, Civil Society, No. 6;. October 2002, p.8.
Emeka Omeihe, “Between Police and Anambra Vigilante” in Daily Champion, October, 2, 2002.
Garba Wada Waziri, “Dala Hisbah Committee Shuts Forty-eight View Houses” in Daily Triumph, November 19th 2004, p. 8.
Habiba Adamu, “Kano Plans Police Community Relations Committee,” in Daily Trust, March 11th, 2004 p. 31.
Hassan A. Karofi, “Sharia Court Sentences “Prostitute for 720 Days,” in Daily Trust, October 8th, 2003, p. 27.
Jamilah Nuhu, “Hisbah: Police Will Not Abdicate Role-AIG,” in Daily Trust, November 9th 2004, p. 30.
Jamilah N. Musa, ‘25 Arraigned for Removing Human Parts for Grave,’ in Daily Trust, 24th August, 2005
Joyce Bur, “Makurdi’s Murderous Men,” in New Nigerian on Sunday, March 27th, 2005, p. 5.
Kabiru Wurrna, “Yauri Highway Robbery: Police Will Identify Culprits, Compol Says,” in New Nigerian 5th May, 2005, p. 1. Kola Olalere, “You Have No Power of Prosecution, Police Tell Hisba,” in Nigerian Tribune, 8th November, 2004, p. 1.
Mansur Lawal, “Rising Robbery Cases Worry Goje,” in New Nigeria, March 31st, 2005, p. 3.
Mohammed S. Shehu, “Terror: As Bandits Attack Villages in Abuja; Niger State,” in Weekly Trust May 7th-13th, 2005, p. 11.
Mu’awuya B. Idris, “Dauri Residents Under Robbers’ Siege, Cry for Help,” in Daily Triumph, March 21st, 2005, p. 2.
Muhammed Kabir, “Sharia: Kano Government Orders Closure of Hotels,” in Saturday Champion, October 25th, 2003, p. 4.
Musa A. Yakasai, “A Disturbing Trend in Kano Politics,” in Daily Trust, July 13th, 2005, p. 11.
Mustapha Isah Kwaru, “Sharia Court Sentences Man to Amputation,” in Daily Trust, 16th November, 2004, p. 30.
Mustapha Isah Kwaru, “Hisbah Committee Closes Forty-eight Viewing Centres” in Daily Trust, November 22nd, 2004 p. 29 “Nigeria’s Police: When the Cops Are Robbers,” in The Economist, 20th August, 2005, p. 28.
Odita Sunday, “Police Arrest Own Men Supplying Arms to Robbers,” in The Guardian, March 31st, 2005, p. 72.
“Police IG’Calls for Community Partnership” Civil Society, April 2002 p. 8.
”Police Embarks on Community Policing “Civil Society, No. 9. January 2003, p. 1.
“Robbers Raid Naibawa Quarters,” in Civil Society-Community Newsletter, November, 2004, p. 3.
“Robbers Kill Two Along Abaji-Lokoja Highway,” in Daily Trust, March 31st, 2005, p. 25.
“Sabongari PCRC Leaders Call for Vigilance” in Civil Society, Community Newsletter/NGOs, No. 33 January 2005, p. 8.
“Sabongari PCRC Becomes Role Model,” in Civil Society, Community Newsletter/NGOs, No. 22, February, 2004, p. 8.
“Sharia: Police Read Riot Act to Hisbamen,” in Civil Society-Community Newsletter, Kano, December 2004 p. 8.
“Sharia: Police Tames Hisba,” in Civil Society-Community Newsletter, January, 2005, p. 8.
“Sharia: Hisbamen on Rampage, Seizes Beer Vehicles on Federal Highway,” in Civil Society-Community Newsletter, October 2004, p. 8.
Tina Anthony, “Kano Attorney-General Explains Law Against Sales, Consumption of Alcohol,” in Vanguard, 17th August, 2005 p. 13.
Yakubu Musa, “Kano Plans to Rehabilitate Drug Addicts,” in ThisDay, July 28th, 2004 p.4.
“Yorubas Pay Courtesy Calls on AIG, CP,” Civil Society, No. 6, October. 2002, p.4.
Interviews and FGDs
1) Interviews in Kano Metropolis by Rasheed Olaniyi
- Chief Boniface Ibekwe, President Igbo Community in Kano, 65 Ballat Hughes, Sabongari, Kano January 2002.
- Mr. Afro Emmanuel, Igbo Youth Leader, New Road, Sabongari, Kano January 2002.
- Dr. Jimpat Aiyelangbe, President, Yoruba Community, Kano State and Chairperson National Integration Forum. March, 2002.
- Mama Adiza, No. 19, Festing Road, Sabongari, Kano April 2002.
- Alhaji R. A. Ayedun, Secretary General, Ansarudeen Society, Kano, April 2002.
- Mrs. Mike Ajommuo, Nomansland, Kano April 2002.
- Mr. Johnson, Kawaji Quarters, Kano. April 2002.
- Mr. Clement Odomu, 11 Burma Road, Kano April 2002.
- Pa Ayodele Oshodi, 26 Sani Giwa, Sabongari, Kano April 2002.
- Mrs. Yemi, 18, Festing Road, Sabongari, Kano April 2002.
- Ms. Buckola Yusuf, Awolowo Avenue, Sabongari, Kano.
- Mr. Murtala Abdulsalam, Tarauni Market Road, Kano April 2002.
- Alhaji Abubakar Shehu, 9 Sanusi Street, Sabongari, Kano April 2002.
- Mr. Chidi Odigwe, New Road, Sabongari, Kano, May 2002.
- Oba Salihu Olowo, Oba Yoruba Kano State, May 2002.
- Prince Ajayi Memaiyetan, Publicity Secretary and Editor in Chief Oodua News, Yoruba Community, Kano, July 2002.
- Mal. Dasuki, Deputy Chief Imam, Nawairudeen Mosque, Niger Road, Sabongari Kano July 2002.
- Alhaji Kabiru Gundami, Commandant of Vigilante Groups, Fagge Local Government, 28th August, 2002.
- Alhaji Imran Bello 67/68 Emir Road, Sabongari, Kano August 2002.
- Mr. Adeleke Adedoja, Yandoya Market Kano, October, 2002.
- Mr. J.O. jayi, 21A Festing Road, Sabongari, Kano April 2002.
- Mr. Benson Olowookere, 2 Burma Road, Sabongari, Kano.
- Mal. Baba Daud, April-May, 2005.
- Prince Ajayi Memaiyetan on 15th December, 2004.
- Abdullahi Umar Fagge on 20th December, 2004.
- Bernard Nwodo December 2004.
- Jab Ojimba Jab December 2004.
- Abdulrasak Shittu on 13th January, 2005.
- Yahaya Musa on 24th January, 2005.
2) Interviews in Kano metropolis by Ahmad Mohammad, 2nd -15th October and November, 2004
1. Malam Ali Kankarofi
2. Malam Auwalu Musa
3. Malam Bashir Zubair (Chairman Kano Municipal Hisba)
4. Alhaji Hafizu Tafida (Chairman Kano State Vigilante Groups)
5. Malam Ibrahim Jakada
6. Malam M. K. Alhaji (Secretary Kano Vigilante Groups).
3) Focus Group Discussion by Ahmad Muhammad, 30th October 2004
1. Malam Ahmad Kabara
2. Malam Kabir Uba
3. Malam Isa Ali.
4. Malam Nayaya Ali
5. Malam Wali
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