Index
p. 243-252
Texte intégral
Abiola, M.K.O. 144
Achebe, Chinua, Things Fall Apart, 213 n. 1
Achimugu, Peter, 36
Action Group (AG), 2, 60
Adegbite, Lateef, 89
Adegbola, Adeolu, 161
Advisory Council for Religious Affairs (ACRA) 141, 145
African religious belief, 13,15-21
Agbebi, Mojola, 28
Aguiyi-Ironsi, 59, 61
Ahmadiyya Movement, 41 n. 80
Ajanlekoko, Samuel, 161
Akagha, K., 187
Alao, R.F. 86
Aleyideino, Habila, 80, 81
Alkali, Zaynab, The Stillborn, 191
Anglican Church, 160-161
Asika, Ukpabi, Governor of East Central State, 194-195
Audu, Ishaya, 33
Awolowo, Obafemi
advocate for creation of states, 63
and the presidential election campaign (1978), 1
established Pilgrims Welfare Board for Muslims (1958) 138;
failure in presidential election, 6 n. 1
in jail, 59
member of the Rosicrucian
Order (Amorc), 70 n. 14
Azikiwe, Nnamdi, 59, 60, 63
traditional religious oathtaking with K.O.
Mbadiwe, 39 n. 29
Babangida, I.B.
as agent for Islamization of Nigeria, 145, 146
crisis over membership of OIC, 149, 180-181
dictational tendencies of, 143
maradonna of Nigerian politics, 136
reshuffle of cabinet by, 122, 124, 194
Bada, Alexander, 161
Bajju (Zaria), 153
Balewa, Sir Abubakar Tafawa, 43 n. 107,
death of in an abortive coup, 60
Bello, Sir Ahmadu, Sardauna of Sokoto, 34, 62, 63, 64-65
death of, 57, 143
elected Vice-President of the World Islamic League, 54
grand patron and religious leader of Nigerian Muslims, 35
letter to World Islamic Congress, 71 n. 28
patron of the NPC, 35 political leader and spokesman of the Hausa-Fulani Islamic ruling class, 50-52
politics of, 47, 50, 53-57
Premier of Northern Region, 49
reactions to the death of, 57-58
speech at the 1964 World Islamic League, 53-54
Benin (Kingdom), 15
Biafra, declaration of (30 May, 1967), 61
discrimination against former, 137
expulsion of missionaries, 151
propaganda machine of, 72 n. 73, 155-156
Bida, Makaman, 63
Buba, Michael Audu, 36
Buhari, M. regime of, 144, 193
Burke, Rev. Fr. L., 57
Catherine, Sister, 154
Catholic Bishops' Episcopal Conference, 75
Catholic Charismatic Renewal Movement, 89
Catholic Church, 180
conflict with Catholic Charismatic Renewal Movement, l60
founder member of CAN, 102
in the north of Nigeria 153-155
representation in CAN, 110-111
Catholic Institute of West Africa, 181
Catholic Life, 115
Catholic Secretariat of Nigeria (CSN), 78, 113-114
Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN)
authority and leadership in the, 105-113
financial resources of the, 84-85, 113-114
formation of, 78-88
foundation members of the, 79,87
functions of the, 82-83
inaugural meeting of the, 78-81, 98 n. 20
insignia of the, 86-87
membership in the 83, 101-105
naming of, 81-82
organizational structure of, 114-118
origins of the, 75-97
pioneer national officers of the, 83-84
political strategies of, 114-124
problems of the, 184-195
provisional constitution for, 82, 98 n. 37, 110-112
rival groups in the, 102
Women's Wing of the, 102, 108, 109, 117, 188-191
Youth Wing of the (YOWICAN), 102, 108, 117, 129 n. 10
Christian Council of Nigeria (CCN), 75, 78, 113, 114
established T.I.M.E. with Catholics, 76
formation of, 31
foundation members of, 83, 101, 102
representation in CAN, 110, 111
Christian Health Association of Nigeria (CHAN) 76
Pharmacy Project (CHAN-Pharm) , 183
Christian Youth Group, ECWA, 179
Church of God Mission, 103
Citizen (magazine), 148
civil religion, 93-94, 96, 97
Civil War (1967-1970), 75-76 causes of, 61
expulsion of missionaries after the, 137
religious and political propaganda of the, 63-65, 66
Conferences of Missions in Northern Nigeria, 1910 and 1913 (Lokoja), 31
Constitution(s), 145, 146, 147, 188
Drafting Committee (1975), 94
independence, Bill of Rights in, 47
Constitution (Suspension and Modification) Decree 34 (24th May 1966), 72 n. 62
coup d'état, January 1966 (see also military coup), 51
reactions and consequences of the, 57-61
31 December, 1983, 144
April 22, 1990, 124, 175, 177, 182
Cullen, Michael, 154
Daily Times, 58
Daku, A.M. 145
Dan Fodio, Uthman
fall of Hausa-Fulani Islamic
State of, 51
founder of Islamic empire, 53
leader of the Islamic jihad of 1804, 35
reform movement of, 21-22, 39 n. 41
Danbazzau, Lawan, 34
Dasuki, Ibrahim, leader of JNI and SCIA, 62, 69
Sultan of Sokoto, Babangida support for, 165 n. 39
opposition to, 145
Deeper Life Ministry, 103, 162
Destination Biafra (Emecheta), 191
Dikko, R.A.B., 31, 35
founder of Jamiyar Mutanen Arewa (JMA), 34
Dodo, D.D., 77
Double Yoke, (Emecheta), 191, 211
Drum, 58
Ekandem, Rt. Rev. Dominic,
Cardinal, first National President of CAN, 83, 87, 119
Ekwensi, Cyprian, Jagua Nana, 190
Emecheta, Buchi
Destination Biafra, 191
Double Yoke, 191-211
Eternal Sacred Order of Cherubim and Seraphim, 188-189
Evangelical Churches of West Africa (ECWA) 129 n. 8, 151-153, 154, 186
Christian Youth Study Group of, 178-179
Fasugba, 161
Fox, Colin, 92
Ganaka, Rt. Rev. G.G. Catholic
Bishop of Jos, 85, 187-188
designed the coat-of-arms of CAN, 87
opposed to CAN's militancy, 179
Goldie, Sir George, 22, 39 n. 51
Gomwalk, Joseph, started the University of Jos and Nigerian Standard, 67-68
Gowon, Yakubu as a compromise candidate, 65-66
dissatisfaction with regime of, 91-92, 93
leader of Northern-based counter coup (July 1966), 61
overthrow of, 67,95,73 n. 77
post-war policy of, 66-67, 139, 140
Gumi, Abubakar Mahmoud, 117, 149-150, 207
attack on Gowon's regime by, 93
member of Izala, 89
reaction to Ahmadu Bello's death, 57
Hassana, Alice, 124
Hausa-Fulani Islamic ruling class, 50, 51, 146
consolidation of power at federal level, 88
fight for theocratic legal system in Nigeria by, 68, 69
party politics of, 143
struggle for dominance by, 64-65, 67, 202-203
Hotline, 176, 178, 196 n. 20
Ibadan, 116
Idahosa, Benson, 103
founder of the Church of God Mission, 89-90
Idiagbon, Tunde, regime of, 144, 193
Idowu, B. 161
Idris, Isma'ila, 89
founder of the Izala Movement, 164 n. 1
Ife (kingdom), 15
Igbo
covert punishment for, 151, 156, 168 n. 81
massacre of the, 61
membership of Catholic
Church in the North, 153
outlook, 15
religiosity, 15-19
riots against, 60
society, 12-13, 15, 16-17
Ilorin, 143
Independent, The, 115
Indirect Rule Policy, 25, 29, 31-33
Iran, 141
Isawa, 23
Islam, 90, 91,
arrival in Nigeria, 21-23
colonial support for, 31-33
Lord Lugard support for, 26
theocratic order for, 141 -150
Islamic Missionaries' Association of Nigeria (IMAN), 182-183
Islamic organisations, Council of Mallams, 52
Jamaatu Nasril Islam (INI) (Society for the Victory of Islam) 52, 55, 59, 62, 68, 69, 138, 145, 172, 174-176, 210, 211-212
Islamic Quadiriya sect, 177-178
Israel, 138
break off of diplomatic relations with (1973), 139
restoration of diplomatic ties with (1991), 139
Iwo, Baptist College in, 157-158
Izala Movement (see People for the Removal of Innovation and the Erection of the Sunna (Izala), 89
Jagoe, Bede, 154
Jagua Nana (Ekwensi), 190
Jakande, Lateef K., civilian governor of Lagos State court action against take-over of private schools in Lagos, 127
‘action governor’, 194
Jamiyar Mutanen Arewa (JMA) (Association of Northern People), 34
Jatau, Rt. Rev. Peter, the Catholic Archbishop of Kaduna, account of birth of CAN by, 85
chairman of CAN for the northern states, 77
President, NORTH-CAN, 125
Jehovah's Witnesses, 104
Jihad, 21, 22, 23, 37 n. 10
arrival of Islam in Nigeria through, 51, 209
Johnson, James, 28
Jos
Institute of Pastoral Affairs (1977), 154
University of, 67
Jos, Adamu Dan Maraya, 61
Kabara, Nasiru Sheik leader of the Islamic Quadiriya sect in Africa, 177-178
Kaita, Isa, 144
pilgrimage to Mecca (1954), 138
Kaduna, CAN Secretariat in (NORTH-CAN), 120
Secretariat in, 122, 124
Northern Region's self-rule inaugurated in, 51
second plenary assembly of CAN in, 84
polytechnic, 125, 128
State, 58, 85
religious riots in, 149
Kanem-Borno Empire, 14, 20, 22
Kano, Catholic Church evangelism in, 155
Reformed Tijaniyya group of Muslims in, 49
religious riots in, 41 n.78, 60, 145
Kano, Aminu, 34
leader of NEPU, 63
response to Ahmadu Bello's death, 60
Katsina, Hassan, a prince from the Katsina royal family, 59
Kumuyi, William Folorunso, founder of Deeper Life Ministry, 89, 103, 162
Kuti, Fela Anikulapo, Zombie (a song), 135
Kuwait, 54
Kwoi (Zaria) 151
Leader, The, 115
Lot, Rev. David, 36
Lugard, Lady (Flora Shaw), 22, 23
gave Nigeria its current name, 39 n. 51
Lugard, Lord, 22,
agent of British colonial imperialism, 9
established amalgamation of Nigeria (1914), indirect rule and secularized education policy, 27
preference of Islam to Christianity by, 24-25, 26, 29-30
Maitatsine uprisings, 148
Majella, Sister, 86
Malumfashi (Sokoto Diocese), 154
Mamman, Rev. Fr. Joseph, 57
Manipulation of Religion in Nigeria (Usman), 204
Mbadiwe, K.O., traditional religious oath-taking ritual with Nnamdi Azikiwe, 38 n. 29
Mbang, Sunday, 161, 163
McGrath, Michael, 154
Mecca, 138
Message, The, 115
Methodist Church, rift in, 161
Middle Zone League (MZL) Party, 43 n. 106
military, (see also coup d'état) 135-136
coup, 57-61, 65, 90, 95
Muhammed, Murtala
address to the Constitutional Drafting Committee (October 18, 1975), 94-95
assassination of (February 13, 1976), 92, 96
pilgrimage to Mecca, 93
regime of, 88, 89, 90-93, 94
replaced Gowon in a bloodless coup, 67, 95
Momoh, Campbell Shittu, founder of National Association for Religious Tolerance (NARETO), 179
Musa, Balarabe
first civilian Governor of Kaduna State, 58, 194
reaction to death of Ahmadu Bello, 59-60
Muslims
Qadiriyya (Sokoto based) group of, 49
Reformed Tijaniyya group of, 49
Muslim Students' Society (MSS), 89, 149
National Association for Religious Tolerance (NARETO), 179-180
National Council of Muslim Youth Organizations (NACOMYO), 181
National Council of Nigerian
Citizens (NCNC), 2, 60
alliance with NEPU, 42 n. 102
National Council of Ulama, 176, 182
National Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies (NIPSS), Kuru, 136
National Institute of Moral and Religious Education (Project T.I.M.E.), 76
National Party of Nigeria (NPN), 1, 143, 144
religious symbol of, 69
National Pledge, 79, 96
National Union of Nigerian Students (NUNS), 136
National Youth Movement (NYU)
anti-colonial nationalism of, 28, 33
New Life for All (Sabon Rai Don Kowa), 155
New Nigerian, 67
pro-Islamic newspaper, 121, 122, 176-177
Niass, Ibrahim, 65
Nigeria
amalgamation of the Northern and Southern
Protectorate (1914), 9, 29
arrival of Christianity in, 23-24
beginnings of politicization of religion in, 27-36, 46-47
British colonial administration in, 24-27
colonial attitudes to religions in, 24-26
creation of states in, 6l, 63, 67, 68
entry into OIC as an observer, 66
federal elections (1964), 56
full membership in OIC (1986), 121, 140-141, 149, 196 n. 17
growth of churches in, 150-159
consequences of, 159-163
Islam in, 21-23
Islamic theocratic order for, 141-150, 168 n. 88
Israeli companies in, 139 Middle East Policy of, 139-140
military in politics, 135-136 politicization of Christianity
in government policies, 137-141
politicization of religion in, 27-36
post-war religious movements in, 89-91
religious outlook in Nigeria, 13-19
religious riots in, 2, 121, 147-150
socio-political systems in, 11-13, 37 n. 9
Nigeria Association of Christian Churches (NACC), 102
Nigeria, Eastern Region
take over of mission schools and hospitals in, 151, 167 n. 65
Nigeria, Northern Region
inauguration of self-rule (15 March, 1958), 51
Nigerian Association of Aladura Churches, 103
Nigerian Bar Association (NBA), 136
Nigerian Defence Academy, raised to status of a university, 136
Nigerian Labour Congress (NLC), 136
Nigerian Standard, 67
Nigerian Union of Journalists (NUJ), 136
Nigerianization Policy, 31
Nigeria's Christian Digest, 115
Non-Muslim League (NML) Party, 43 n. 106
NORTH-CAN, 118, 119
founding of, 112-113, 186-187
military of, 121
organized protest demonstration against Babangida government (January 11,1990), 122-124
Northern Christian Association (NCA), 101, 103
Northern Christian Movement, beginnings of, 29, 77
Northern Elements Progressive Union (NEPU), agreement with NPC to work for a United North, 63
alliance with NCNC, 42 n.102
founding of, 34
official opposition to Ahmadu Bello, 52
problems of, 35
Northern People's Congress (NPC), 2, 62
agreement with NEPU to work for a united North, 63
captured power at the centre, 46
in full control of Islamic ruling class, 35-36
Northern Region
self rule (15 March, 1958) in, 51
Nwapa, Flora, One is Enough, 191
Nzeogwu, Kaduna, 62
coup by, 58
Obasanjo, Olusegun
regime of, 67,88, 89, 90,93, 94
enforced the adoption of the National Pledge in primary and secondary schools, 96
Obu, Olumba Olumba, 104
founder of Brotherhood of the Cross and Star, 90
Ogbonyomi, Rt. Rev. T., Anglican Bishop of Kaduna, 85
Ogwu, Joy, 191
Ohikere, George, 36
Ojukwu, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu, analysis of the war by, 64
Okadigbo, C. 143
Okogie, Rt. Rev. Anthony Olubumi, Catholic Archbishop of Lagos, 86, 124, 180
appointment as bishop, 127, 134 n. 122
biography of, 126-128, 146
chaplain in the army during civil war, 126
comment on growth of churches, 162-163
court action against government take-over of private schools in Lagos, 127
President of CAN, 78, 119-120, 174
Olupona, J.K., 204-205
Oluwole, Sophie, 180
Onaiyekan, John, 191
One is Enough, (Nwapa), 191
Opera Wonyosi, (Soyinka), 190
Organization of African Instituted Churches (OAIC) one of the groups to form CAN, 102, 103
Organization of African Unity, (OAU), 139
Middle East Policy of, 139
Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC), 66, 89
Babangida donation to, 180
membership in the (1986), 121, 149, 149, 175, 177, 181-2, 184
Orire, Abdulkadir, Grand Khadi of Kwara State, 173
Orizu, Nwafor, acting President of Nigeria (1966), 59
Oschoffa, 16
founder of Celestial Church of Christ, 90
Owerri, 102, 151
Oye, Abdur-Rashid F. 147
Oyo (Kingdom), 15
Pam, James, 59
pentecostal churches, 102, 163
crisis in, 161-162
Pentecostal Fellowship of Nigeria, 102
People for the Removal of Innovation and the Erection of the Sunna (Izala), 89, 164 n. l
Pilgrimage, politicization of, 138-139
Pilgrims' Board (Muslims), 66, 138
Pope (Catholic Pontiff), visit to Nigeria (1982), 159
Prazan, Ceslaus, 154
religious tolerance, 179-180, 182-183
Reporter, the, 174
Reuters, 92
Rome, 138
Royal Niger Company, 9
Salifu, S., 189
and Okojie compared, 127-128
biography of, 124-126
member of TEKAN Church, 125
secretary of NORTH-CAN, (Kaduna), 124
Sambo, Yusuf,
secretary of mullahs in Kaduna, 145
Saudi, Arabia, 53, 54, 93, 139
Second Vatical Council (VAT II), 75, 76, 78
secularism
Christian reactions to, 171-178
government reaction to, 180-182
Muslim reactions to, 171-178
public reactions to, 178-179
Shagari, Shehu, 50
presidential election campaign (1978), 1
first civilian Executive President of Nigeria, 56
regime of, 140, 143, 144
walk out protest in support of Shari'a, 147
Shari'a (Islamic law), 68,145,148
debates on, 146-147, 149
Sierra Leone, 21
Smith, Sharwood, 35
Sokoto, 1, 22, 62, 143
Caliphate, 29, 31, 35, 50, 51, 60
Qadiriyya Muslims in, 49
Usman Dan Fodio University, cancellation of Christian Fund-raising in, 137-138
Soyinka, Wole, Opera Wonyosi, 190
Stillborn (Alkali), 191
Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP), 165
demonstration against, 165 n. 39
Student Christian Movement (SCM) of Nigeria,
Senior Friends Group of the, 108, 116, 130 n. 29
Sudan Interior Mission (SIM), 103, 152
Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs (SCIA), 89
established in 1973, 68-69
Taiwo, Ibrahim, 93
Tarka, Joseph, 63
Tarraya, Ekkelesiyoyin Krista a Nijeriya, (TEKAN) Church, 125, 129 n. 8, 186
and ECWA Fellowship, 102, 103
Things Fall Apart (Achebe), 213 n. 1
Today's Challenge, 115
Triumph, The, 174
Tukur, MM., 40 n. 66
Ukiwe, Ebitu, 140
United Middle Belt Congress (UMBC, 43 n. 106
United Nations, Universal Declaration on Human Rights, 90
United Party of Nigeria (UPN), 1 Universal Free Primary Education, 157
Usman, Bala, 192
Usman, Y.B. The Manipulation of Religion in Nigeria, 204
Verdict, The, 115
Whelan, J.B. 151
Williams, CO., National Secretary-General of CAN, 78, 79-81, 86
World Assembly of Muslim Youth (1972), 89
World Council of Churches (WCCs), founded in 1948, 75
World Islamic League, 53, 54 Wusasa, Walter Miller, 153
Yar'Adua, Shehu, Chief of Staff of the Supreme Military Headquarters (Obasanjo regime), 78-79, 80, 93, 94, 96
Yoruba, 13, 157, 186
Yusuf, Jolly, Tanko, 36, 189
detained by government, 124
national Vice-President of CAN, 85
Zaria, Ahmadu Bello University, 67
student riot in, 149, 150
Zukogi, Abubakar, 34
Zumunci, 115
Zumunta Mata, 155
Zungur, Sa'adu, father of radical politics in Northern Nigeria, 33
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