C 3-1

Debt in the form of a silk-loan from Emir Khalīl Shihāb to the Dūmānīs.

Beirut sharī‘a courts, 7 December 1846.

C 3-2

Typical contract of sale of an urban property involving a straightforward offer and acceptance.

Damascus sharī‘a courts, 11 May 1803.

C 3-3

Transfer of the kadak and khulū (“right of occupancy”) of a barber’s shop from one tenant to another for a specific pre-approved sum. Also includes a fictitious debt.

Damascus sharī‘a courts, 1 July 1809.

C 3-4

Purchase and transfer of a kadak.

Damascus sharī‘a courts, 15 July 1809.

C 3-5

Selling of a combination of kadak and khulū.

Damascus sharī‘a courts, 2 May 1803.

C 3-6

Marṣad procedural fiction.

Damascus sharī‘a courts, 31 July 1809.

C 3-7

Genuine marṣad litigation.

Damascus sharī‘a courts, 26 July 1809.

C 3-8

Marṣad where the investment “replaced” the value of the rent per se.

Damascus sharī‘a courts, 20 May 1809.

C 3-9

Procedural fiction to fix the “equitable price” between the plaintiff-seller and the buyer.

Damascus sharī‘a courts, 25 July 1809.

C 3-10

Fictitious litigation to fix the price.

Damascus sharī‘a courts, 25 July 1809.

C 3-11

Sharecropping contract involving a procedural fiction.

Damascus sharī‘a courts, 20 July 1809.

C 3-12

Sharecropping contract.

Damascus sharī‘a courts, 3 May 1803.

C 5-1

Estate of Bashīr II. Involves procedural fiction based on “unlawful occupation.”

Beirut sharī‘a courts, 24 September 1857.

C 5-2

Transfer of properties between two Shihābī emirs and their wives. Involves same procedural fiction as in C 5-1.

Beirut sharī‘a courts, 6 May 1857.

C 6-1

Waqf of Bashīr III. Purpose was to validate the waqf through the procedural fiction of the “three-founders” technique.

Beirut sharī‘a courts, 8 July 1852.

C 6-2

Case similar to C 6-1 in validating a waqf through the “three-founders” technique.

Beirut sharī‘a courts, 13 April 1843.

C 7-1

Plaintiff accuses defendant of unlawful occupation. Genuine case of property restitution.

Beirut sharī‘a courts, 20 February 1848.

C 7-2

Another case of unlawful occupation, where the defendants failed to show up at the last moment, thus prompting for a lengthy fatwā in favor of an ex parte ruling for the plaintiff.

Beirut sharī‘a courts, 12 May 1843.

C 8-1

Case of an oral alteration of an original waqfiyya by the founder himself.

Beirut sharī‘a courts, June 1, 1844.

C 8-2

Case of unlawful taking of a share of an inheritance, which involves a fatwā regarding the legitimacy of the children of one of the founder’s daughters as beneficiaries.

Beirut sharī‘a courts, 26 March 1850.

C 9-1

Confrontation between the regional council of Damascus and the Shī‘ī Ḥarfūshs, who were tax-farmers in the north of Lebanon.

Regional council of Damascus, Majlis shūra Dimashq al-‘ālī, 18 December 1844.

C 9-2

Complaint of villagers against their creditor.

Damascus council, 6 December 1844.

C 9-3

Complaint of villagers for having been overburdened by their creditors, thus requesting a review of the debt schedule.

Damascus council, 21 November 1844.

C 9-4

Petition from all the inhabitants of Damascus and Ḥimṣ requesting a plea for mercy.

Damascus council, 14 January 1845.

C 9-5

Petition of a villager regarding the status of his village, and which centers on a private family waqf.

Damascus council, 24 October 1844.

C 9-6

Petition of villagers regarding their village which was part of the waqf al-Ḥaramayn.

Damascus council, 5 January 1845.

C 9-7

A privileged peasant reviewing with the majlis his special status.

Damascus council, 18 February 1845.

C 9-8

Case of a farm whose water canal turned out to be the pièce-de-résistance in a case forwarded to the majlis.

Damascus council, 15 November 1844.

C 9-9

Petition from a waqf’s administrator arguing that the villagers of a certain village under her dominion should be exempt from taxes.

Damascus council, 3 January 1845.

C 10-1

Sultanic firman on conscription addressed to the people of Beirut.

Copy based on the Beirut sharī‘a courts registers, May-June 1850.

C 10-2

A firman, received in Beirut and dated April 1852, aimed at regulating what was thought to be excessive gains from money-lending, targeted the ribā practice without ever mentioning it by name.

id., April 1852.

C 10-3

Sultanic firman regulating the land and sea customs of the empire.

id., 24 February 1846.

C 10-4

Firman regarding the wealth of individuals who were the beneficiaries of an inheritance, and the possibilities of using their wealth for public purposes.

id., 14 October 1866.

C 11-1

Procedural fiction common to many homicide settlements where the plaintiff accuses the defendant of deliberately killing a kin member, without, however, furnishing any evidence for his allegations.

Beirut sharī‘a courts, 4 September 1859.

C 11-2

Plaintiff accuses defendant of murdering his nephew.

Beirut sharī‘a courts, 29 August 1867.

C 11-3

Plaintiff accuses defendant of murdering her nephew.

id., 20 July 1867.

C 11-4

Father accuses his son of killing his sister. Defendant takes oath and denies allegations.

id., 14 September 1866

C 11-5

Plaintiff accuses the inhabitants of a village of killing the victim. But while the representative of the defendants maintained their innocence, a cash-settlement was nevertheless reached.

id., September 1867.

C 11-6

Report describing a murdered body.

id., 2 September 1866.

C 11-7

Plaintiffs accuse defendant of beating their mother, thus causing her premature death. Includes a muftī’s fatwā in favor of defendant.

Damascus sharī‘a courts, 27 December 1836.

C 11-8

Plaintiff accuses defendant of killing his cousin. Involves a fatwā and payment of the diya.

id., April 1837.

C 11-9

Plaintiff challenges the defendant regarding an alleged visit made to him by the missing victim.

id., 3 October 1828.

C 11-10

Theft case within the jurisdiction of the regional council.

Damascus council, 8 January 1845.

C 11-11

Theft case with a one-year imprisonment for the culprit.

id.

C 11-12

Alleged theft; culprit released from prison.

id.

C 11-13

Defendant accused of killing his wife, and an incarceration follows.

id.

C 11-14

Culprits accused of gunning down people in a nearby village.

id.

C 11-15

Case of an officer who was aggressed by a passerby for having gazed at a woman.

id., 5 November 1844.