URL originale : https://books.openedition.org/ifpo/5071

List of illustrations
p. 463-470
Texte intégral
Chapter I
Figure I.1 — Jordan Landcover based on Landsat Satellites Images (RJGC and IFPO 2010) | 41 |
Figure I.2 — Jordan Five Main Morphological Units | 43 |
Figure I.3 — Jordan Four Main Physiographic Regions | 45 |
Figure I.4 — Jordan Major Structural Features (A. al-Diabat, NRA Geological Mapping Division, 2012) | 49 |
Figure I.5 — Geological Map of Jordan by F. Bender 1974 (Gebrüder Bornträger) | 45 |
Figure I.6 — Combined Profiles of Jordanian Highlands and Jordan Rift Valley | 52 |
Figure I.7 — The main east mediterranean tectonic features (JSO) | 54 |
Figure I.8 — Earthquake distribution in Jordan and the Middle East from 1900 to 2005 (NRA 2007) | 55 |
Figure I.9 — Seismic hazard zonation map of Jordan | 57 |
Figure I.10 — Major historical earthquakes along the Dead Sea Transform during the past 2000 years | 59 |
Figure I.11 — Jordan Mineral Resources | 61 |
Figure I.12 — Jordan Average Rainfall (MWI - GTZ 1977) | 65 |
Figure I.13 — Climographs of three meteorological stations (GTZ 2004) | 67 |
Figure 1.14 — Jordan Water Sources in 2008 | 69 |
Figure I.15 — Flow Rate | 69 |
Figure I.16 — Jordan Main Water Basins | 71 |
Figure I.17 — Jordan Map of Soils | 73 |
Figure I.18 — Jordan’s Four Main Biogeographical Regions | 78 |
Figure I.19 — Jordan’s Nine Main Bioclimatological Regions | 78 |
Figure I.20 — Vegetation Types in Jordan | 87 |
Figure I.21 — Jordan’s Potential Landuse (Taimeh 1989) | 89 |
| |
Table I.1 — Rainfall distribution in Jordan | 65 |
Table I.2 — Resource Availability in Jordan for the Years 2005 - 2020 | 70 |
Table I.3 — Surface Water Basins in Jordan | 70 |
Table I.4 — Comparative soil names used during Jordan’s major soil surveys | 75 |
Table I.5 — Strongly simplified description of the soil orders present in Jordan | 75 |
Plate I.1 — Olive and arable cultivation in the hills above Ajlun amongst evergreen oak, Quercus calliprinos. Palmer, May 2007 | 81 |
Plate I.2 — Arbutus andrachne growing in wild Aleppo pine forest at Dibbin. Palmer, March 2004 | 81 |
Plate I.3 — Anemone coronaria. Palmer, March 2010 | 81 |
Plate I.4 — Deciduous oak forest at al-Alouk with arable cultivation. Palmer, March 2010 | 81 |
Plate I.5 — Artemisia herba-alba, Dharih, Bouchaud April 2011 | 83 |
Plate I.6 — Juniper forest at Rummana in the Dana Biosphere Reserve. Palmer; March 2004 | 83 |
Plate I.7 — Iris petrana - Petra Iris, one of the several black irises, and an endemic species in the southern highlands. All black irises are protected by law. Palmer, April 2010 | 83 |
Plate I.8 — Achillea santolina, Dharih, Bouchaud, April 2011 | 83 |
Plate I.9 — Haloxylon persicum in the Wadi Araba. Palmer, April 2006 | 85 |
Plate I.10 — Sparsely vegetated rocky plateau (chert hammada) in the Saharo-Arabian region, east of Ruweishid. Palmer, October 2010 | 85 |
Plate I.11 — Remnant evergreen oak forest, Quercus calliprinos, in al-Hisha in the south of Jordan showing grazing. Palmer, April 2010 | 85 |
Plate I.12 — Lush vegetation, including date palm, in a wadi beside the Dead Sea photographed after heavy rainfall. Palmer, March 2011 | 85 |
Chapter II
Figure II.1 — Main sites of the three Palaeolithic periods in Jordan | 97 |
Figure II.2 — Wadi Qalkha (J-401): (1) amygdaloid biface, (2) cordiform biface (Henry 1995: 46) | 100 |
Figure II.3 — The location of select Early Epipalaeolithic sites in the Middle East and East of the Jordan River. | 101 |
Figure II.4 — The location of select Middle Epipalaeolithic sites in the Middle East and East of the Jordan River | 103 |
Figure II.5 — EP microliths showing: (A) an obliquely truncated and backed form of the early EP, (B) a trapeze/rectangle of the Middle EP, and (C) a lunate of the Natufian | 104 |
Figure II.6 — The location of select Late Epipalaeolithic sites in the Middle East and East of the Jordan River. | 105 |
Figure II.7 — Distribution of Neolithic Sites | 107 |
Figure II.8 — Shkarat Msaied PPNB small settlement with circular architecture (Drawing Moritz Kinsel) | 108 |
Figure II.9 — PPNA Granary at Dhra’ Drawing Eric Casson | 108 |
Figure II.10 — Ba’ja PPNB large settlement with rectangular architecture Drawing Moritz Kinsel | 109 |
Figure II.11 — Sketch map showing relationship between temporary sites and large settlements. | 110 |
Figure II.12 — Location map of major sedentary sites for the Chalcolithic period, along with pastoral nomadic camps in desert areas. | 115 |
Figure II.13 — Flint tools from pastoral nomadic camps in al-Thulaythuwat area (southern Jordan). | 116 |
Figure II.14 — Main fortified settlement sites and open villages in Jordan during the Early Bronze Age. | 118 |
Figure II.15 — Tower Tombs and Dolmens in Ancient Bronze Time. | 119 |
Figure II.16 — Main sites during the Middle Bronze Age in North Jordan. | 123 |
Figure II.17 — Plan of MBA City Walls - Pella. | 123 |
Figure II.18 — Typology of the main archaeological sites of Iron Age and Persian period (Jouvenel). | 126 |
Figure II.19 — Size of the main archaeological sites of Iron Age and Persian period (Jouvenel) | 127 |
| |
Plate II.1 — Flint tools from Ain Soda site, Azraq (Surface collection). Collected by Gary O. Rollefson, Leslie Quintero and Philip Wilke | 95 |
Plate II.2 — Photograph of pierced marine shell beads from Kharaneh IV | 100 |
Plate II.3 — Photograph of the Early / Middle Epipalaeolithic aggregation site of Kharana IV | 102 |
Plate II.4 — Photographofa human burial at the Middle EP site of Uyun al-Hammam | 102 |
Plate II.5 — Photograph of the Natufian site of Shubayqa 3 showing stone-built and stone-paved dwellings | 104 |
Plate II.6 — Location of Wadi Faynan ١٦ between the mountains and open lands (Finlayson) | 106 |
Plate II.7 — Excavations in the village of Ayn Ghazal | 111 |
Plate II.8 — Plaster statuary MPPNB Ayn Ghazal | 112 |
Plate II.9 — General view of stone enclosure at site TH.126 in al-Thulaythuwat area (southern Jordan) | 116 |
Plate II.10 — Aerial view of site TH.001 located in the area of al-Thulaythuwat. Semi-nomadic camp with dwelling and animal stone enclosures | 116 |
Plate II.11 — Dolmen near Irbid | 120 |
Plate II.12 — Satellite images of tower tombs near Azraq (Google Earth) | 121 |
Plate II.13 — MBA Copper Dagger and Gypsum Pommel - Pella | 123 |
Plate II.14 — MBA Egyptian Tell al Yahudiyeh Vessels - Pella | 124 |
Plate II.15 — LBA Gold Earring - Pella | 124 |
Plate II.16 — LBA Cylinder Seal - Pella | 125 |
Plate II.17 — LBA Cylinder Seal 2 - Pella | 125 |
Plate II.18 — Busayrah (A. Jouvenel). | 128 |
Plate II.19 — Mesha Stone (Louvre, Paris). | 129 |
Chapter III
Figure III.1 — Hellenistic Near East ca 260 BC | 134 |
Figure III.2 — Iraq al-Amir and the Tobiad Territory | 138 |
Figure III.3 — Restitution of the Palace (F. Larché) | 139 |
Figure III.4 — Drawings of the lions (J.-P. Lange) | 140 |
Figure III.5 — Drawings of the panthers (J.-P. Lange) | 140 |
Figure III.6 — The Nabataean Kingdom (Villeneuve Nehme) | 142 |
Figure III.7 — Main Trade Routes (3rd B.C. - 2nd A.D.). | 144 |
Figure III.8 — Map of Petra by Laborde and Linant, 1830. | 146 |
Figure III.9 — Petra localisation and main monuments (Villeneuve Nehme) | 147 |
Figure III.10 — Map of Petra (Talal Akasheh, Chrysanthos Kanellopoulos, American Center of Oriental Research - ACOR). | 148 |
Figure III.11 — Qasr al-Bint Map (French Mission to Petra, L. Borel, Ch. March). | 150 |
Figure III.12 — Khirbet al-Darih General Map (Villeneuve and al-Muheisen). | 152 |
Figure III.13 — Map of Dharih and Khirbet Tannur | 154 |
Figure III.14 — Roman Roads and Cities | 157 |
Figure III.15 — The Decapolis. | 159 |
Figure III.16 — Map of Jerash | 161 |
Figure III.17 — Jordan under the Byzantins | 163 |
| |
Plate III.1 — Iraq al-Amir: Hyrcan Palace (Ifpo 2004). | 137 |
Plate III.2 — Nabataean Drawing and Inscriptions in Wadi Mukatab, Sinai, by Laborde and Linant, 1830. | 143 |
Plate III.3 — Nabataean Pottery | 145 |
Plate III.4 — Nabataean Silver Coin, Arethas IV and Queen Huldu, Paris, BNF | 145 |
Plate III.5 — Tyche sculpture found near Qasr al-Bint, Petra | 145 |
Plate III.6 — Drawing of the Khazne by Laborde and Linant, 1830. | 146 |
Plate III.7 — Qasr el-Bint in 1830 (Laborde and Linant). | 149 |
Plate III.8 — Qasr el-Bint in 1976 (Dentzer) | 149 |
Plate III.9 — General View of Dharih | 151 |
Plate III.10 — Cistern - Dharih | 153 |
Plate III.11 — Oil Press - Dharih | 153 |
Plate III.12 — Twins - Dharih | 153 |
Plate III.13 — Emperor Marcus-Aurelius Portrait found near Qasr al-Bint (French Mission to Petra, 2004, F. Bernel) | 155 |
Plate III.14 — Hadrien Silver Coin | 156 |
Plate III.15 — Umm al-Rasas Church with Lions Mosaique | 164 |
Chapter IV
Figure IV.1 — Islam expansion under the Umayyads | 169 |
Figure IV.2 — Military Districts and Desert Castles in Umayyad Jordan. | 173 |
Figure IV.3 — Amman Citadel reconstitution (A. Northedge, CBRL 1992) | 174 |
Figure IV.4 — Amman Citadel general map (A. Northedge, CBRL 1992) | 174 |
Figure IV.5 — Amman Citadel general map (A. Northedge, CBRL 1992). | 175 |
Figure IV.6 — Sketch of the north wall ot the Umayyad Congregational Mosque (A. Northedge, CBRL 1992) | 175 |
Figure IV.7 — Qusayr Amra fresco, drawing (C. Vibert-Guigue) | 177 |
Figure IV.8 — The Abbassid Caliphate and its fragmentation | 179 |
Figure IV.9 — The Suete Territory in Jordan and the Kingdom of Jerusalem | 181 |
Figure IV.10 — Map of Shawbak Castle | 183 |
Figure IV.11 — Jordan under the Mamluks with main post road. | 185 |
Figure IV.12 — Administrative ottoman divisions of Liwa Ajlun in 1596 (A. Bakhit) | 189 |
Figure IV.13 — Administrative ottoman divisions of the Bilad al-Sham in 1596. | 191 |
Figure IV.14 — Population Distribution in Bilad al-Sham in 1596. | 193 |
Figure IV.15 — The changes in density of settlement between 1596 and 1880. | 195 |
Figure IV.16 — Population and land use at the end of the XIXth century (M. Mundy) | 197 |
Figure IV.17 — Bilad al-Sham Ottoman administrative division in 1914 | 200 |
Figure IV.18 — Holy Places known from the 19th century near Kerak | 203 |
Figure IV.19 — The Hijaz Railway in 1914 | 207 |
| |
Plate IV.1 — Qusayr Amra general view (C. Vibert-Guigue) | 176 |
Plate IV.2 — View of Shawbak castle (C. Devais) | 182 |
Plate IV.3 — Hisban Tell and village (B. Walker) | 187 |
Plate IV.4 — Malka caves (B. Walker) | 187 |
Plate IV.5 — Ja‘far b. Abi Talib mausoleum (Père R. Savignac, 1935. Fonds de l’Ecole biblique et archéologique française de Jérusalem) | 204 |
Plate IV.6 — Nabi Harun mausoleum (Père R. Savignac, 1935. Fonds de l’Ecole biblique et archéologique française de Jérusalem) | 204 |
Chapter V
Figure V.1 — The Middle East Transformations (1880 – 1950) | 213 |
Figure V.2 — Wandering Territory of Jordan Major Bedouin Tribes in the 1950’s | 218 |
Figure V.3 — The Territories of Jordan Main Families and Tribes in 1929 | 219 |
Figure V.4 — Agricultural land productivity by Hawd in 1931 (Fischbach 2000) | 223 |
Figure V.5 — Cadastral limits in 1933 | 223 |
Figure V.6 — Distribution of Landholding in 1950. | 225 |
Figure V.7 — Administrative divisions in 1975 | 228 |
Figure V.8 — Administrative divisions in 1985 | 228 |
Figure V.9 — Administrative divisions in 1994 | 228 |
Figure V.10 — Administrative divisions in 2004 | 229 |
Figure V.11 — The exodus of the Palestinian Refugees in 1948. | 231 |
Figure V.12 — Palestinian Refugees displaced from rural and urban areas in 1948. | 232 |
Figure V.13 — Palestinian Refugees displaced in 1948 | 233 |
Figure V.14 — The Territory of Jordan in 1949 on both banks of the Jordan River | 235 |
Figure V.15 — Palestine Refugees Spatial Distribution in 1954 in Jordan according to UNRWA Survey. | 237 |
Figure V.16 — Palestine Refugees Spatial Distribution in 2005 in Jordan and the West Bank according to UNRWA 2005 Survey on 4489 refugees. | 237 |
Figure V.17 — Jordan Main Cities in 1961 | 240 |
Figure V.18 — UNRWA Camps and Distribution of Palestinian Refugees in the Middle East in 2010 | 244 |
Figure V.19 — The increase in the Legal Workers number by Sex between 2001 and 2009 | 251 |
Figure V.20 — Legal Migrant Workers per Nationality and sector activity in 2009 | 251 |
| |
Table V.1 — Size of Lanholdings in 1950 | 224 |
Table V.2 — Jordan : The Palestine Refugees’ Main Host Country | 234 |
Table V.3 — Demographic growth of Palestinian Refugees in Host Countries, according to UNRWA | 243 |
Table V.4 — Camps of Jordan, main characteristics according to UNRWA sources 1 | 243 |
Table V.5 — Various estimates of subpopulations present in Jordan in the late 2000. | 248 |
Chapter VI
Figure VI.1 — Correlation between rainfall and population distribution | 257 |
Figure VI.2 — Jordan Population Density by Governorate in 2004 (inhabitants per km2) | 258 |
Figure VI.3 — Jordan Population Distribution in 2004 (proportional representation) | 259 |
Figure VI.4 — Jordan Population Distribution in 1979 | 262 |
Figure VI.5 — Jordan Population Distribution in 1994 | 263 |
Figure VI.6 — Jordan Population Distribution in 2004 | 264 |
Figure VI.7 — Population Annual Average Growth Rate by Subdistrict, 1979-1994 | 266 |
Figure VI.8 — Population Annual Average Growth Rate by Subdistrict, 1994-2004 | 266 |
Figure VI.9 — Jordan Population by Governorate in 1994, 2004 and 2010 | 267 |
Figure VI.10 — Distribution of Jordanian Population living in Jordan by Place of Birth in 2004 | 267 |
Figure VI.11 — Prevalence of family planning methods rate by governorates in 2009 (%) | 269 |
Figure VI.12 — Fertility Rate and Finale Descendance, 1976-2009 | 269 |
Figure VI.13 — Fertility and Women Education Level, 2009 | 270 |
Figure VI.14 — Fertility by Wealth Quintiles, 2009 | 271 |
Figure VI.15 — Total Fertility Rate in 2009 (%) | 272 |
Figure VI.18 — Jordan Age Pyramids 1979 and 2004 | 273 |
Figure VI.16 — Total Fertility Rate from 1960 to 2000 in five countries (mean number of children per woman) | 274 |
Figure VI.17 — The Gap between the Wanted Fertility Rate and the Total Fertility Rate, 2009. | 274 |
Figure VI.19 — Population by Broad Age Groups. Various Surveys, 1983 – 2009. | 275 |
Figure VI.20 — Household Composition in Percentage in 2008 | 275 |
Figure VI.21 — Household Size in 2008. | 277 |
Figure VI.22 — Household Head below thirty years in 2008 | 277 |
Figure VI.23 — Trends in Child mortality rates in Jordan 1990- 2009 and targeted by 2015 | 277 |
Figure VI.24 — Infant Mortality by selected demographic caracteristics in 2007. | 278 |
Figure VI.25 — Singulate Mean Age at Marriage in Jordan, 1961-2004. | 278 |
Figure VI.26 — Proportion of 15-19 years-old girls ever married, pregnant or gave childbirth | 280 |
Figure VI.27 — Percentage of Never-Married Women 15-39 by age | 280 |
Figure VI.28 — Polygyny - percentage of Marriages with a married man in 1990-1994 by registration office | 281 |
Figure VI.29 — Polygyny - percentage of Marriages with a married man in 2009 | 281 |
Figure VI.30 — Consanguinity rate by governorate in 2007 | 282 |
Figure VI.31 — Consanguinity rate in the world. © 2009 Tadmouri et al. license BioMed Central Ltd | 282 |
Figure VI.32 — Consanguinity in Jordan in 2007 (% of marriages with a cousin or a relative) | 283 |
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Table V.1 — The distribution of population according to locality size | 260 |
Table VI.2 — Demographic Indicators from 1961 to 2010 | 268 |
Chapter VII
Figure VII.1 — The evolution of Jordan’s GDP growth rate compared to the Arab World 1990-2009 | 290 |
Figure VII.2 — The evolution of Jordan‘s GDP | 293 |
Figure VII.3 — Trade Balance Evolution 1989-2009 | 293 |
Figure VII.4 — Major Imports in 2010 (JD Million). | 294 |
Figure VII.5 — Major Domestic Exports in 2010 (JD Million) | 294 |
Figure VII.6 — Geographic Distribution of Imports, 2010 | 294 |
Figure VII.7 — Geographic Distribution of Domestic Exports, 2010 | 295 |
Figure VII.8 — Jordan’s Trade by Country, 2010 | 295 |
Figure VII.9 — Foreign Direct Investment in Jordan, Israel and the Arab World as % of GDP, 2000-2009. | 296 |
Figure VII.10 — Foreign Direct Investment in Jordan as % of GDP and amounts, 2005-2010 | 297 |
Figure VII.11 — Main Recipient of Inter Arab investments in 2010 | 297 |
Figure VII.12 — Inter Arab investments in Jordan (1995-2010) | 298 |
Figure VII.13 — Arab Countries Market Capitalization in 2010 | 299 |
Figure VII.14 — ODA received per capita in 2009 (current US $). | 299 |
Figure VII.15 — Jordanian Expatriates’ Remittances in amounts and % of GDP (1961-2011) | 300 |
Figure VII.16 — Jordan among the 20 first developing countries receiving remittances | 302 |
Figure VII.17 — Arab countries GDP per capita according to population size 2011. | 302 |
Figure VII.18 — Gross Domestic Product by Economic Activity at current basic prices in million JD (2002-2008). | 303 |
Figure VII.19 — The Relative Importance of Economic Sectors to GDP at constant Basic Prices in 2010. | 304 |
Figure VII.20 — Percentage of Household head working for the public sector by governorate in 2008 | 306 |
Figure VII.21 — Distribution of employment by sector and governorate in 2008 | 306 |
Figure VII.22 — Distribution of Enterprises by Governorate in 2006 | 307 |
Figure VII.24 — Number of Enterprises per 1000 persons in 2006 | 307 |
Figure VII.23 — Total registered Capital of Enterprises in 2006 | 307 |
Figure VII.25 — The distribution of Medium and Large Enterprises in 2006 | 307 |
Figure VII.26 — Dominance of Micro, Small and Medium Entreprises Including Number of Employees and Establishments by Sector | 308 |
Figure VII.27 — Number of Entreprises and Workers in the six jordanian Qualifying Industrial Zones in 2010 | 309 |
Figure VII.28 — Jordan Agricultural Land Use | 313 |
Figure VII.29 — Tourism Receipts and Employment, 2010 | 314 |
Figure VII.30 — Tourism by Source (latest available year) | 314 |
Figure VII.31 — Middle East Airports Traffic in Million Passengers (2010) | 315 |
Figure VII.32 — Main touristic sites in Jordan by number of visitors, 2010 | 317 |
Figure VII.33 — Origin of Medical Tourist in Jordan in 2006 (Crouzel) | 319 |
Figure VII.34 — Religious Tourism Sites in Jordan and Popes’ Pilgrimages | 321 |
Figure VII.35 — Jordan territorial divisions (Special Economic Zones, QIZ, GAM, ASEZA) | 325 |
Figure VII.36 — North Jordan Land Use and Population in 2004 | 326 |
Figure VII.37 — Center Jordan Land Use and Population in 2004 | 327 |
Figure VII.38 — South Jordan Land Use and Population in 2004 | 328 |
| |
Table VII.1 — Jordan cultivated land in 2010 | 310 |
Table VII.2 — Jordan cultivated land in 2000 | 310 |
Table VII.3 — Distribution of livestock (number of heads) in 2010 - DOS 2012 | 311 |
Chapter VIII
Figure VIII.1 — Human Development Index: Ranks of the main arab countries in 2010 (World Databank 2011) | 333 |
Figure VIII.2 — Illiteracy rate in 2008 by subdistrict (caza) | 334 |
Figure VIII.3 — Percentage of persons with preparatory education in 2008 by subdistrict (caza) | 334 |
Figure VIII.4 — Percentage of persons with high education in 2008 by subdistrict (caza) | 334 |
Figure VIII.5 — Poverty rates by governorates in 2006 and 2008 | 337 |
Figure VIII.6 — Poverty pockets in 2009 | 339 |
Figure VIII.7 — Poverty Ratio and absolute number of poor by subdistrict in 2009 | 340 |
Figure VIII.8 — Poor repartition according to age classes | 342 |
Figure VIII.9 — Daily calories intake per quintile in 2008. | 342 |
Figure VIII.10 — Yearly cost of food per person by quintile in JD in 2008 | 343 |
Figure VIII.11 — Daily calories intake per quintile in 2008 | 343 |
Figure VIII.12 — Annual goods produced by household for self- consumption by governorate in 2008. | 343 |
Figure VIII.13 — Social Classes according to the Average Annual Household Expenditure for several Governorates in 2008. | 345 |
Figure VIII.14 — Percentage of Households belonging to the Lowest Wealth Quintile by Governorate in 2009 | 347 |
Figure VIII.15 — Percentage ofHouseholds belonging tot he Highest Wealth Quintile by Governorate in 2009. | 347 |
Figure VIII.16 — Sources of Income by Social Segments in 2008. | 348 |
Figure VIII.17 — Breakdown of Transfers in 2008 | 348 |
Figure VIII.18 — Source of Aid by Governorate in 2008 (DOS 2010) | 350 |
Figure VIII.19 — The Gap between Yearly Household Expenditure and Income by Subdistrict in JD in 2008 | 352 |
Figure VIII.20 — Percentage of dwelling owners (2008) | 352 |
Figure VIII.21 — Percentage of Household with a car in 2008 | 352 |
Figure VIII.22 — Percentage of Households with a computer by caza in 2008 | 353 |
Figure VIII.23 — Percentage of Households with an internet connexion by caza in 2008. | 353 |
Figure VIII.24 — Refined Participation Rate according to Area of Residence (urban/rural) in 2010 | 354 |
Figure VIII.25 — Refined Participation Rate among Jordanians aged 15+ by sex (percent) 1979-2009 | 355 |
Figure VIII.26 — Unemployment rate (Jordanians aged 15+) in % by age groups, 2010 | 358 |
Figure VIII.27 — Unemployment trends from 2000 to 2010 | 361 |
Figure VIII.28 — Unemployment rate and the distribution of unemployed persons in 2010 | 361 |
Figure VIII.29 — Men’s Unemployment rate in 2010 | 362 |
Figure VIII.30 — Female’s Unemployment rate in 2010 | 362 |
Figure VIII.31 — Distribution of Male and Female Employed Jordanian by economic activity in 2010 | 363 |
Figure VIII.32 — The distribution of Informal employement by economic sector in 2010 (Mopic 2012) | 364 |
Figure VIII.33 — Selected Economic Activity Sectors and their Jordanian and Migrant workforce (2004 and 2009). | 365 |
| |
Table VIII.1 — Social classes related to quintiles (according to expenditure) | 346 |
Chapter IX
Figure IX.1 — Jordan’s Cities Categories | 375 |
Figure IX.2 — Municipalities types and codes in 2008 | 378 |
Figure IX.3 — Municipal budgets in 2006 (in millions JD). | 378 |
Figure IX.4 — Municipal budgets per inhabitant in 2006 (in JD). | 378 |
Figure IX.5 — Municipal Balance Accounts in 2006 (in JD) | 378 |
Figure IX.6 — Percentage of roads with public lighting in 2004. | 380 |
Figure IX.7 — Differences between solidwaste daily production and solidwaste collection capacity (in tons). | 381 |
Figure IX.8 — Number of Parliamentary seats per governorate and beduin areas in 2010 compared to the equired seats proportional to the voters | 383 |
Figure IX.9 — Greater Amman Municipality Main Functions. | 384 |
Figure IX.10 — Amman Ruseifa and Zarqa urban growth between 1946 and 2008. | 386 |
Figure IX.11 — The expansion of Amman Municipal Boundaries between 1925 and 2011 | 387 |
Figure IX.13-16 — Types of Housing in Amman at the block level in 2004 | 389 |
Figure IX.17 — Percentage of population under 15 in Amman at the block level in 2004 | 390 |
Figure IX.18 — Percentage of elder in Amman at the block level in 2004. | 390 |
Figure IX.19 — Percentage of Men in active population in 2004. | 392 |
Figure IX.20 — Percentage of Women in active population in 2004. | 392 |
Figure IX.21 — Percentage of Workers in Active Population in 2004. | 392 |
Figure IX.22 — Percentage of Job Seekers in active population in 2004 | 392 |
Figure IX.23-26 — Spatial distribution of Foreigners in GAM districts in 2004 | 395 |
Figure IX.27-30 — Education level by districts in 2004. | 396 |
Figure IX.31-34 — Active population distribution by type of occupation in GAM districts in 2004. | 397 |
Figure IX.35 — HUDC Housing and informal settlements upgrading projects in Amman, Ruseifa and Zarqa from 1980 to 2008 | 399 |
Figure IX.36 — Synthetic Map of the Social Disparities in Amman | 400 |
Figure IX.37 — Development corridors and peripherical industrial and housing projects | 402 |
Figure IX.38 — Re-Appropriation of Amman Public Spaces. | 404 |
Figure IX.39 — Irbid area urban expansion (1961-2005) | 405 |
Figure IX.40 — Irbid and Ramtha municipalities land use in 2005 | 406 |
Figure IX.41 — Aqaba City Landuse Plan 2005 (ASEZA GIS section) | 407 |
Figure IX.42 — Aqaba urban growth between 1961 and 2008 | 408 |
Figure IX.43 — Aqaba spatial divisions | 410 |
| |
Table IX.1 — The 2001 Municipal Amalgamation Process | 376 |
Table IX.2 — Amman, Ruseifa and Zarqa Built-Up Expansion Annual Growth Rate | 387 |
Table IX.3 — Amman, Ruseifa and Zarqa Population Average Annual Growth Rate | 388 |
Table IX.4 — Aqaba Built-up Expansion Annual Growth Rate | 409 |
Table IX.5 — Aqaba Population Average Annual Growth Rate | 409 |
Chapter X
Figure X.1 — Main Jordanian Dams and Jordan Valley Authority Irrigation projects | 415 |
Figure X.2 — Water resources development in the Lower Jordan River Basin around 1950. | 417 |
Figure X.3 — Water resources and uses in the Lower Jordan River Basin around 1975 | 418 |
Figure X.4 — Water resources and uses in the Lower Jordan River Basin around 2000 | 421 |
Figure X.5 — Water resources and uses in the Lower Jordan River Basin around 2025 | 423 |
Figure X.6 — Amman Internal Water Resources in 2000 | 425 |
Figure X.7 — Greater Amman Municipality Water Catchment in 2000. | 426 |
Figure X.8 — Disi project | 429 |
Figure X.9 — Jordan Groundwater Status and wells in 2005 (Venot 2009). | 432 |
Figure X.10 — Abstraction from Azraq Basin since 1983. | 432 |
Figure X.11 — Dead Sea Level evolution since 1800. | 433 |
Figure X.12 — Dead Sea reduction between 1931 and 1998. | 433 |
Figure X.13 — Red Dead Canal and development project. | 436 |
Figure X.14 — Gas Pipeline from Egypt for Jordan electrical power stations. Bahjat Aulimat; NEPCO. | 437 |
Figure X.15 — Jordan Main Energy Projects. | 438 |
Figure X.16 — Energy Mix 2008-2020. | 438 |
Figure X.17 — Investments in Energy 2008-2020. | 439 |
Figure X.18 — Main Transportation Projects. | 443 |
Figure X.19 — Existing natural reserves and projected ones. | 445 |
Figure X.20 — Amman Urban Metabolism Diagram (Lorraine Sugar 2010). | 447 |
Figure X.21 — Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) concentration in various locations in Amman and Zarqa in 2007. | 449 |
| |
Table X.1 — Jordan Megaprojects Breakdown | 414 |
Table X.2 — Price of water based on the volume pumped from private farm wells. | 431 |
Qasr Bashir.

Ch.-H Gros
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Atlas of Jordan
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Atlas of Jordan
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Atlas of Jordan
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