Version classiqueVersion mobile

Microfinance challenges: empowerment or disempowerment of the poor?

 | 
Isabelle Guérin
, 
Jane Palier

Part I - Questions as to definition: what is understood by empowerment?

References Part 1

Texte intégral

Ackerly, B. A. (1995), ‘Testing the Tools of Development: Credit Programmes, Loan Involvement and Wome’s Empowerment’, IDS Bulletin, vol. 26, no 3, pp. 56-68.

Agnihotri, I. (2003), Globalisation and the state: some reflections on South Asian Women’s experience, 45 p. http://dawn.org.fj/publications/docs/prstagnihotri2003.doc

Anolin, A.L.C. (2002), Women and Micro-Finance Programs, Brighton, University of Sussex: IDS, 10 p.

Anderson, C.L. Locker, L. and Nugent, R. (2002), ‘Microcredit, Social Capital, and Common Pool Resources’, World Development, vol. 30, no 1, pp. 95-105.

Armendariz de Aghion, B. (1999), ‘On the design of a credit agreement with peer monitoring’, Journal of Development Economics, vol. 60, pp. 79-104.

Aron, J. (2000), ‘Growth and Institutions: A review of Evidence’, World Bank Research Observer, vol. 15, no 1, pp. 99-135.

Banque Mondiale (2002), La qualité de la croissance, Bruxelles: De Boeck Université.

Bansal, H. (2000), Self help group-NGO-Bank linkages programme in India: a case study, Department of Banking and Business Finance, Faculty of Commerce, University of Baroda.

Bardhan, K. and Klasen, S. (1999), ‘UNDP’s Gender-Related Indices: A Critical Review’, World Development, vol. 27, no 6, pp. 985-1010.

Batliwala, S. (1993), Empowerment of women in South Asia: concepts and practices (draft), Colombo (Sri Lanka): Asian – South Pacific Bureau of Adult Education.

Beteille, A. (1999), ‘Empowerment’, Economic and Political Weekly, March 6-13.

Bhatt, N. and Shui-Yan, T. (1998), ‘The Problem of Transaction Costs in Group-Based Microlending: an Institutional Perspective’, World Development, vol. 26, no 4, pp. 623-637.

Boyd, R. and Richardson, P. J. (1985), Culture and the evolutionary process, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Brown, C.L. (2002), ‘A theory of the process of creating power in relationship’, Nursing Administration Quarterly, vol. 26, no 2, 15 p.

Brown, J.M. (2002), Microcredit, Feminisms and Empowerment, a discursive analysis of subject-object approaches to development, San Francisco State University: Master of Arts Thesis in International Relations, 80 p.

Burjorjee, D.M. Deshpande, R. and Weidemann, C.J. (2002), Supporting Women's Livelihoods. Microfinance that works for the Majority. A Guide to Best Practices, United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF), Special Unit for Microfinance, 50 p.

Chen, M. A. and Snodgrass, D. (1999), An assessment of the impact of SEWA Bank in India: baseline findings, Washington: USAID/AIMS, 48 p.

Cheston, S. and Kuhn, L. (2002), Empowering Women through Microfinance, Women’s Opportunity Fund/UNIFEM, draft, 64 p.

Cohen, D. (1997), Richesse du Monde, Pauvreté des Nations, Paris: Flammation.

Conning, J. (1999), ‘Outreach, sustainability and leverage in monitored and peer-monitored lending’, Journal of Development Economics, vol. 60, no 1, pp. 51-57.

Das, B. (2001), Role and Impact of Micro finance on poor - a study of clients using microcredit in two south Indian states, Ahmedabad: Friends of Women's World Banking (FWWB).

Das Gupta, M. Lee, S. Uberoi, P. Wang, D. Wang, L. and Zhang, X. (2000), ‘State Policies and Women’s Autonomy in China, India and the Republic of Korea’, Washington D.C.: World Bank, Financial Sector Development Department, Policy Research Working Paper no 2497, 34 p.

Deshmukh-Ranadive, J. (2003), ‘Placing gender equity in the family centre stage: the use of Kala Jatha’, Economic and Political Weekly, Review of Women’s Studies, vol. 38, no 17, April 26, pp. 1674-1679.

— (2002a), Database issues: women’s access to credit and rural microfinance in India, U.N. Inter Agency Working Group on Gender and Development, Human Development Resource Centre, UNDP, New Delhi.

— (2002b), Space for power, women’s work and family strategies in South and South-East Asia, in collaboration with the Centre for Women’s Development Studies (New Delhi), New Delhi: Rainbow Publishers.

— (2001), ‘Placing the household in perspective: a framework for research and policy’, Asian Journal of Women’s Studies, vol. 7, no 1.

Dumont, L. (1977), Homo aequalis. Genèse et épanouissement de l’idéologie économique, Paris: Gallimard, coll. Bibliothèque des sciences humaines.

— (1966), Homo hierarchicus. Le système des castes et ses implications, Paris: Gallimard, coll. Bibliothèque des sciences humaines.

Egger, P. (1986), ‘Banking facilities for the rural poor: lessons learned from a few innovative savings and credit programmes’, Revue Internationale du Travail, vol. 125, no 4.

Falquet, J. (2003), ‘Genre et développement: une analyse critique des politiques des institutions internationales depuis la Conférence de Pékin’, Colloque Mondialisation, Pouvoirs et Rapports de Genre de l'IUED, Genève, 20 p.

Ferraton, C. and Frobert, L. (2003), L'enquête inachevée. Introduction à l'économie politique d'Albert O. Hirschman, Paris: PUF, coll. Sciences, modernités, philosophies, 270 p.

Fernandez, A. (2002), Impact of SHG Bank Linkage Programme on Social Indicators and Empowerment of the members, Mumbai: Nabard, microCredit Innovations Department, 68 p.

Folbre, N. (1986), ‘Hearts and Spades: Paradigms of Household Economics’, World Development, vol. 14, no 2, pp. 245-255.

Fisher, T. and Srinam, M.S. (eds.) (2002), Beyond Micro-Credit. Putting Development Back into Micro-Finance, New Delhi: Vistaar Publications, 390 p.

Friedmann, J. (1992), Empowerment: the politics of alternative development, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

FWWB (2003), Consultation on the Role of microfinance in the empowerment of women, November 24-25th 2003, Report under preparation, Ahmedabad: Friends of Women's World Banking (FWWB).

Gandhi, N. and Shah, N. (1992), The Issues at Stake: Theory and Practice in the Contemporary Women's Movement in India, South Asia Books.

Gariyali, C.K. and Vettivel, S.K. (2004), Women's own. The Self-Help movement of Tamilnadu, New Delhi: Vetri Publishers, 179 p.

Ghatak, M. and Guinnane, T.W. (1999), ‘The economics of lending with joint-liability: theory and practice’, Journal of Development Economics, vol. 60.

Gilardone, M. Guérin, I. and Palier, J. (2004), ‘The weight of institutions on women's capabilities. How far can microfinance help?’, Proceedings of Conference on Promoting Women's Capabilities: examining Nussbaum’s capabilities approach, Cambridge University (UK), to be published in 2004.

Goetz, A.M. and Sen Gupta, R. (1996), ‘Who takes the Credit? Gender, power, and control over loan use in rural credit programmes in Bangladesh’, World Development, vol. 24, no 1, pp. 45-63.

Government of Kerala, (2002), Guidelines for the preparation of Tenth Five Year Plan by Local Government, Government Order (MS), no 20, Planning dated June 6, pp. 1-39.

— (2001), Government Order (MS), no 17, Planning dated June 18.

— (1999), People’s campaign for Ninth Five Year Plan-Formulation of Annual Plan 1999-2000 of Local Bodies-Guidelines, Approved GO (MS), no 20, Planning dated Thiruvananthapuram, April 5, in Government Orders Related to People’s Planning, (eds.) State Planning Board, vol. 11, pp. 391-418.

Guerin, I. (2003), Femmes et économie solidaire, Paris: La Découverte, coll. La bibiothèque du MAUSS, 235 p.

— (2000), Pratiques monétaires et financières des femmes en situation de précarité. Entre autonomie et dépendance, Thèse de doctorat en sciences économiques, Université Lyon 2.

Guilli, H. (2002), Microfinance and poverty: questioning the conventional wisdom, Washington D.C.: Inter-American Development Bank.

Harper, M. (1998), Profit for the Poor. Cases in Microfinance, London: ITDG Publishing.

Haynes, B. (2001), ‘The myth of development: the non-viable economics of the 21st century’, Journal of Microfinance, vol. 4, no 1.

Hegar, R.L. and Hunzeker, J.M. (1988), ‘Moving toward empowerment-based practice in public child welfare’, Social Work, vol. 33, pp. 499-502.

Hess, P. (1984), ‘Thought on empowerment: a developmental perspective’, Prevention in Human Services, vol. 3, pp. 227-230.

Hofman, E. and Marius-Gnanou, K. (2001), ‘L’approche “genre” dans la lutte contre la pauvreté: l’exemple de la microfinance’, Colloque Pauvreté et développement durable organisé par la Chaire Unesco de Bordeaux 4, 20 p.

IRED (Innovation et Réseaux pour le développement), (1999), ‘SEWA’, in Peuples et Pouvoir. Organisations populaires en marche. Afrique-Amériques-Asie, Paris: L'harmattan, pp. 53-111.

Isaac, T.M. Williams, M. Chakraborthy, P. and Thampi, V. B. (2002), ‘Women neighbourhood group: Towards a new perspective’, paper presented in the seminar Decentralisation, sustainable development and social security, Mararikulam, Alapuzha, Kerala, pp. 5-30.

Itzhaky, H. and York, A.S. (2000), ‘Empowerment and community participation: does gender make a difference’, Social Work Research, vol. 24, no 4, pp. 225-240.

Jejeebhoy, S.J. (2000), ‘Women’s Autonomy in Rural India: Its Dimenstions, Determinants, and the Influence of Context’, in H.B. Presser and G. Sen (eds.), Women's empowerment and demographic processes. Moving beyond Cairo, Oxford University Press, coll. International Studies in Demography, pp. 204-238.

Johnson, S. (2000), Gender and microfinance; Guidelines for good practice, Centre for Development Studies, University of Bath.

Kabeer, N. (2001), ‘Conflicts over credit: Re-evaluating the empowerment potential of loans to women in rural Bangladesh’, World Development, vol. 29, no 1, pp. 63-84.

— (1995), Reversed Realities. Gender Hierarchies in Development Thought, London/New-York: Verso [1st edition 1994], 346 p.

Kandur, R. and Squire, L. (2002) ‘L'évolution de notre manière d'envisager la pauvreté: analyse des interactions’, in G. M. Meier, J.E. Stiglitz (eds.), Aux frontières de l'économie du développement. Le futur en perspective, Paris/Washington: Eska/Banque Mondiale, pp. 155-189. [Traduction de Frontiers of Development Economics, 2000, Washington: World Bank]

Kanbur, R. and Lustig, N. (1999), ‘Why is Inequality Back on the Agenda?’, Annual Bank Conference on Development Economics, World Bank.

Karmakar, K.G. (1999), Rural Credit and Self-Help Groups. Micro-finance needs and concepts in India, New Delhi: Sage Publications, 374 p.

Knack, S. and Keefer, P. (1997), ‘Does social capital have an economic payoff? A cross country investigation’, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. 112, no 4, pp. 1251-1288.

Lapenu, C. and Zeller, M. (2001), ‘Distribution, growth, and performance of microfinance institutions in Africa, Asia, and Latin America’, IFPRI, FCND Discussion Paper, no 114, 34 p.

Lautier, B. (2002a), ‘Sous la morale, la politique. La Banque Mondiale et la lutte contre la pauvreté’, Politique africaine (Paris), no 82, pp. 169-176.

— (2002b), ‘Pourquoi faut-il aider les pauvres? Une étude critique du discours de la Banque Mondiale sur la pauvreté’, séminaire Institutions et Développement, 18 janvier 2002, 27 p.

Mahajan, V. (2002), ‘Adapting India's financial system to serve the distressed majority’, Conference on Adapting India’s financial system in a globalising world organised by the World Bank in partnership with ICRIER, National Institute of Bank Management and Invest India Economic Foundation, Goa, Oct. 31st–Nov. 2nd.

Mayoux, l. (2004), ‘Microfinance et empowerment des femmes: la nécessité d'une approche en termes d'apprentissage, de gestion et d'action participative’, in I. Guérin et J.-M Servet (eds.), Exclusion et Liens Financiers. Rapport du Centre Walras 2003, Paris: Economica, pp. 459-483.

— (2003), ‘Women's empowerment and participation in micro-finance: evidence, issues and ways forward’, in L. Mayoux, Sustainable learning for women's empowerment: ways forward in micro-finance, New Delhi: Hardbound, 327 p.

— (2000), ‘Micro-finance and the empowerment of women - A review of the key issues’, Geneva: ILO Social Finance Unit, Genève, 31 p.

— (1998a), ‘L’empowerment des femmes contre la viabilité? Vers un nouveau paradigme dans les programmes de micro-crédit’, in Y. Preiswerk, Les silences pudiques de l’économie. Economie et rapports sociaux enter hommes et femmes, Commission nationale suisse pour l'Unesco, Direction du développement et de la coopération, Institut Universitaire d'Études du Développement, pp. 73-97.

— (1998b), ‘Women’s empowerment and Microfinance programmes - approaches, evidence and ways forward’, Discussion Paper, The Open University, Milton Keyes.

Meenai, Z. (2003), Empowering rural women. An Approach to Empowering Women through Credit-based Self-Help Groups, New Delhi: Aakar Books, 217 p.

Michailova, S. 2002, ‘When common sense becomes uncommon: participation and empowerment in Russian Companies with western participation’, Journal of World Business, no 37, pp. 180-187.

Mohanakumar, S. and Gireeshkumar, K. G. (2000), ‘Labour and development under people’s plan: The experience of Kunnathukal Grama Panchayat’, paper presented at the International conference on democratic decentralisation, May 23-27, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, pp. 1-19.

Mohanakumar, S. (2003), ‘From people’s plan to plan sans people’, Economic and Political Weekly, vol. 37, no 16, April 20.

— (2002), ‘Dynamics of natural rubber market in India: The post-liberalisation scenario’, Kerala Institute of Local Administration, Discussion paper no. 1, Thrissur, Kerala, pp. 1-28.

Mohanty, M. (2001), ‘On the concept of Empowerment’, in D.K. Singharoy, Social Development and the Empowerment of Marginalized Groups. Perspectives and Strategies, New Delhi: Sage Publications, pp. 22-30.

Moser, C.O.N. (1993), Gender Planning and Development: Theory, Practice and Training, London: Routledge.

Muktasam, A. Rosiady, S. Anas, Z. Suadnya, W. Mantra, M. Suwardi, I. Dwi, P. S. and Matsukur (2002), ‘Microfinance for agricultural producers in West Nusa Tenggara (WNT) Province-Indonesia’, in Proceedings of National Seminar on Increasing Farmers income through the use of agricultural resources & appropriate technology held 20-21 November at Mataram, Published by: Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) NTB, Badan Penelitian Dan Perngembangan Pertanian Departmen Pertanian, pp. 57-71.

Nair, A. (2001), Sustainability of microfinance self-help groups in India: would federating help?, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University.

Nanda, Y.C. (2000), ‘Models of linkage between banks and self-help groups’, Country Report-India, APRACA-GTZ Regional Workshop on the Linkage Programme: Focus on Implementation Issues, October 26-28.

Narasimhan, S. (1999), Empowering Women. An alternative Strategy from Rural India, New Delhi: Sage Publications, 236 p.

North, D.C. (1990), Institutions, institutional change and economic performance Cambridge University Press.

Nussbaum, M.C. (1995), ‘Human capabilities, female human beings’, in M.C. Nussbaum and J. Glover (eds.), Women, culture, and development. A study of human capabilities, Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Olson, M. (1982), The logic of public action and theory of group, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

Oxaal, Z. and Baden, S. (1997), Gender and Empowerment: definitions, approaches and implications for policy, Brighton, University of Sussex: IDS, BRIDGE (development –gender), 38 p.

Palier, J. (2004a), ‘Formes institutionnelles de la microfinance en Inde. Les Self-Help Groups, une innovation à manipuler avec précaution’, in I. Guérin and J.-M Servet (eds.), Exclusion et Liens Financiers. Rapport du Centre Walras 2003, Paris: Economica, pp. 305-329.

— (2004b), ‘Définition et mesure de l'empowerment appliquées au champ de la microfinance en Inde’, in I. Guérin and J.-M Servet (eds.), Exclusion et Liens Financiers. Rapport du Centre Walras 2003, Paris: Economica, pp. 513-534.

Perkins, D. D. and Zimmerman, M.A. (1995), ‘Empowerment theory, research and application’, American Journal of Psychology, vol. 23, pp. 569-579.

PNUD (1995), Rapport sur le développement humain 1995, New York: Oxford University Press.

Prevost, B. (2004), ‘Droits et lutte contre la pauvreté, où en sont les Institutions de Bretton Woods?’, XXèmes Journées ATM: Droits et développement, Nancy, May 25-27.

Purohit, S. (undated), Microcredit and women’s empowerment, The virtual library on Microcredit, The Global Development Research Center (GDRC) website, http://www.gdrc.org/icm/wind/rass.html

Rahman, A. (1999), ‘Micro-Credit initiatives for equitable and sustainable development: who pays?’, World Development, vol. 27, no 1, pp. 67-82.

Rajivan, A. (2001), Micro credit and women's empowerment: a case study of SML, New York: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), 47 p.

Rapp, C.A. Shera, W. and Kistardt, W. (1993), Research strategies for consumer empowerment of people with severe mental illness, New York: Oxford University Press.

Ravindram, T.K.S. (1999), ‘Female Autonomy in Tamil Nadu. Unravelling the complexity’, Economic and Political Weekly, Review of Women Studies, April 17-24.

Rock, R.O. and Saltzman, S. (1998), Principles and practice of microfinance governance, Somerville, Massachusetts: ACCION International.

Rose, G. (1993), Feminism and geography: the limits of geographical knowledge, Polity Press in association with Blackwell Publishers, Cambridge.

Rowlands, J. (1997), Questioning Empowerment: Working with Women in Honduras, Oxfam.

Sabharwal, G. (undated), ‘From the Margin to the Mainstream. Micro-Finance Programmes and Women’s Empowerment: the Bangladesh Experience’, Centre for Development Studies, University of Wales, Swansea, 47 p.

Satish, P. (2000), ‘Institutional alternatives for the promotion of microfinance’, Journal of Microfinance, vol. 3, no 2, pp. 51-74.

Sekher, M. (2001), ‘Public space for women in governance: the experience of India’, Newsletter of the Center for Research on Women and Politics, vol. 1, no 2.

Sen, A. (2003), Un nouveau modèle économique. Développement, justice, liberté, Paris: Odile Jacob, 479 p.

— (2002), ‘Agriculture, employment and poverty: Recent trends in rural India’, in V.K. Ramachandran and M. Swaminathan (eds.), Agrarian studies: essays on agrarian relations in less developed countries, Tulika publishers, pp. 392-444.

— (2000), Development as Freedom, New York: Anchor Books.

Sen, G. (1997), ‘Empowerment as an approach to poverty’, Working Paper series, no 97, December.

Simanowitz, A. (2001), ‘Client–exit survey: A tool for understanding client dropout’, Journal of Microfinance, vol. 3, no 2.

Singh, K. (2003), ‘Engendering Impact – Indian Scenario’, WISE representative in India. http://www.enterprise-impact.org.uk/pdf/Singh.pdf.

Stiglitz, J.E. (1990), ‘Peer Monitoring and Credit Markets’, The World Bank Economic Review, vol. 4, no 3.

Suadnya, I.W. (2003), Group empowerment in coastal development in west Nusa Tenggara – Indonesia, a case study In Lombok coastal areas, a document submitted for PhD. candidature confirmation in The School Of Natural and Rural Systems Management, The University of Queensland, Australia.

Suresh, K. and Roji (2000), Samatha self-help group at Kunnathukal Grama Panchayat, Souvenir, Kunnathukal Grama Panchayat, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, (in regional language), pp. 49-52.

Suwardi, I. (2003) ‘Critical analysis of five major credit schemes disbursed through Pt. Bank NTB, West Nusa Tenggara Province’, Komunitas-Journal of Rural Development Studies, vol. 5, no 1-2, pp. 59-73.

The New York Times, (2003), Reports on “microfinance revolution”. http://www.iht.com/articles/118270.html

Titi, V. and Singh, N.C. (1995), Empowerment for sustainable development: toward operational strategies, Halifax, N.S. Fernwood, 198 p.

Titus, M. (2002), ‘Status of mF sector in India – Sa-Dhan’, presentation to Ministry of Finance, New Delhi, December 12.

United Nations Development Programme (2003), Human Development Report 2003. Millennium Development Goals: A compact among nations to end human poverty, New York: UNDP.

United Nations Development Programme (1995), Human Development Report 1995, New York: Oxford University Press.

UN ESCAP (2004), What is Good Governance?, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UN ESCAP). http://www.unescap.org/huset/gg/governance.htm

UNIFEM (2002), Progress or the World's Women, New York: United Nations Fund for Women.

Van Tassel, E. (1999), ‘Group Lending under asymmetric information’, Journal of Development Economics, vol. 60.

Vel, J. (1997), Struggling for sustainable income security: assessment of NGO's income generating programmes in South Asia from a gender perspective, Utrecht (Netherlands): Interchurch organisation for development co-operation (ICCO).

Vogt, J.F. and Murrell, K.L. (1990), Empowerment in organisations: How to spark exceptional performance, San Diego, CA: Pfeiffer.

Williams, S. Seed, J. and Mwau, A., (1994), Oxfam Gender Training Manual, Oxford: Oxfam.

Women and Geography Study Group, (1997), Feminist Geographies, Explorations in Diversity and Difference, Essex: Longman.

World Bank (2003), Summary of think pieces: conceptual and operational links between empowerment, social capital, and CDD, October 17. http://info.worldbank.org/etools/bspan/PresentationView.asp?PID=936&EID=482

World Sanitation Programme (1999), Sri Padmavathy Mahila Abyudaya Sangam. Credit connections field note, Water and Sanitation Programme of the UNDP and World Bank – South Asia Region, 12 p.

Young, K. (1993), Planning Development with Women: Making a World of Difference, London: MacMillan.

Le texte et les autres éléments (illustrations, fichiers annexes importés) sont sous Licence OpenEdition Books, sauf mention contraire.

Acheter

Rechercher dans OpenEdition Search

Vous allez être redirigé vers OpenEdition Search