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Appendix 3
Chronology of Outstanding Events
p. 223-230
Texte intégral
Chronology of outstanding events1
1* The events of special interest have been highlighted*
1617 | Exploration of Pondicherry by Jean Pépin, of the Company of Saint Malo. |
1664 | Foundation of the Royal Company of France in India. |
1672 25 September | De La Haye seizes San Thomé. Chir-khan lodi concedes to him a site in Pondicherry. |
1673 4 February | Bellanger de Lespinay arrives in Pondicherry. |
1674 | San Thomé is seized by the Dutch. François Martin arrives in Pondicherry with 60 men. The French establish a lodge in Pondicherry. |
1677 | Chir-khan lodi is defeated by Shivaji at Thiruvadigai. François Martin receives a written order on the order of Shivaji. |
1688 | François Martin obtains authorization to trade in Karikal. |
1690 | The enclave of Chandernagore is founded. |
1693 7 September | Surrender of Pondicherry to the Dutch. |
1699 21 September | The Dutch return Pondicherry. |
1701 5 September | Creation of a sovereign council in Pondicherry. |
1706 25 August | Inauguration of the Fort Saint Louis in Pondicherry. |
1719 | Gourouvappa goes to France to appeal to the justice of the king against the condemnation of his father by Hébert. |
1720 30 April | The East India Company is reunited to that of the West. |
1721 2 April | Obtaining of some land at the mouth of the river in Mahe. |
1730 | A Jesuit college is opened in Pondicherry. |
1731 30 July | Installation at Yanam. |
1738 17 July | Treaty between Dumas and the king of Tanjore for the cession of Karikal. |
1740 | The Mahrattas sweep through the region. The families of Sufder Ali and of Chanda Sahib take asylum in Pondicherry. |
1746 21 September | Madras is taken by La Bourdonnais. |
1748 14 October | Dupleix forces the English to leave Pondicherry after 54 days of open trench warfare. |
1749 1 September | Madras is returned to the English. |
1750 15 December | Mouzaferjung with support from the French triumphs over his uncle Nazerjung at Vellimédou-pettai, not very far from Gingy. He is proclaimed soubab of the Deccan. |
1753 | Defeat of the French forces before Trichinapoly. |
1757 23 March | The English take hold of Chandernagore and destroy it. |
1758 2 June | Capture and complete destruction of the Fort Saint David of Cuddalore by Lally Tollendal. |
1761 15 January | Capture of Pondicherry by the English who completely destroy the White town. |
1763 | Treaty of Paris, the French possessions are reduced to the five enclaves. |
1765 11 April | Return of Pondicherry to the French. |
1771 27 July | Suppression of the Company. Declaration of Free Trade in Pondicherry. |
1773 | Opening of a seminary in Pondicherry. |
1776 28 February | The king takes on direct Administration of the enclaves. Surrender of the place of Pondicherry to the English. |
1784 10 March | Return of Pondicherry by virtue of the preliminaries of the treaty of Paris of 1782. |
1785 | New Company for trade in all the seas of India. |
1787 26 July | Departure of the ambassadors of Tippu Sultan to Louis XVI. |
1790 22 February | Arrival of the news about the Revolution. |
1 March | General Assembly of citizens. |
11 March | Dispatch of the notebook of complaints of the French and the Malabars. |
1791 6 March | First manifestation of the Indians against the governor. |
25 April | Desertion of the Indian soldiers. |
22 July | Revolt of the Indians. |
3 August | Political grouping of a representative corps of all the French establishments in India. |
1792 | Virassamy is made Lieutenant Colonel. |
14 July | Feast of the Federation. |
2 August | The new national pavilion is displayed. |
22 August | The National Assembly in Paris decides that India will send it two representatives. |
1 October | Ban on trade of slaves by the Assembly of citizens. |
1793 3 April | The tree of liberty is planted on the Arms Square. Liberty of trade is proclaimed. |
25 July | It is decided that the judges will be elected in time by the citizens. |
23 August | Pondicherry is occupied by the British. |
1799 February | Search by the British at the house of all the inhabitants upon accusation of wanting to go to Tippu Sultan. Arrest of many including Nidarajappa Ayer. |
4 May | Tippu Sultan is killed in Seringapattam. |
1803 11 July | Decision to return Pondicherry to France. |
1 October | Cancellation of the previous decision. |
1814 30 May | Treaty of Paris. |
1816 | Resumption of possession of the enclaves.. |
1817 | Pondicherry is declared a free port. Customs barriers raised around Pondicherry. |
1819 6 January | Promulgation of French codes |
1826 25 November | Establishment of the big bazaar. |
1827 1 February | Creation of a free primary school. |
12 February | Opening of a boarding school for young girls. Layout of the big canal separating the White town from the Black town. |
1828 | Creation of a free primary school for pariahs.Creation of the first mechanical mill. |
1836 10 May | Inauguration of the lighthouse of Pondicherry. |
1838 | Beginning of the law school lessons. |
1840 23 July | Organic order for the administration of India. |
1842 2 July | Decree concerning the judicial organization. |
1848 18 March | French India asked to elect a member of Parliament by universal suffrage. A right which is withdrawn immediately. |
1849 13 February | Creation of a consultative chamber of commerce. |
1851 24 July | Ascent by balloon in Pondicherry of Mr. Manet, a French aeronaut. |
1852 | Fall of hailstones in Pondicherry in the afternoon, in the hot season. |
1856 | Engraving of names of streets and numbering of houses. |
1857 | Bridge on the river Sunambar. |
1862 17 November | Inauguration of the French line of India by the Imperial Messageries (Naval Messageries)-Arrival of the source of Water from Mouttrapaléam to the fountains of the grand bazaar and of the government place. |
1863 | Creation of a school of medicine. |
1864 | Bridge over the river of Ariancoupom. |
1871 7 February | Restoration of the right to elect a Member of Parliament by universal suffrage. |
1875 | Right to elect a senator. Creation of the bank of Indochina in place of the English bank: Oriental Bank. |
1877 2 May | Official opening of the Calvé College teaching French, Tamil and English. |
1879 26 January | Creation of elective councils in French India. Distribution of seats by lists (Europeans and Indians). |
15 December | Inauguration of the railway line in Pondicherry. |
1880 12 March | Creation of the Municipalities. |
24 April | Reorganization of the civil state. |
1881 21 September | Possibility of renunciation of the personal statute. |
1885 | Establishment of a coal park for replenishing the ships. |
1888 | Creation of the Alliance Française of Pondicherry. |
1898 14 March | Opening of the steel tipped Péralam-Karikal line. |
24 May | Decree declaring compulsory education for everyone. |
1908 | Allocation of water from Mouttrapaléam in the houses. |
1909 | Setting up of an electricity producing factory. |
1923 9 December | Institution of an eliminatory grade in French at the Baccalaureate. |
1941 28 January | Customs agreement with the British Government. |
1945 | An Indian is elected for the first time to sit in Paris. |
23 August | Removal of lists, the members of the different councils to be elected by the citizens as a whole. |
1946 25 October | Creation of a representative assembly. |
1947 12 August | Creation of a Government Council. |
28 August | Joint declaration of the French and Indian governments concerning the future of the enclaves. |
7 November | Chandernagore is declared a free town. |
1948 18 June | Ministerial declaration concerning the selfdetermination of the Establishments. |
28 June | Agreement on the referendum. |
30 December | Creation of a council of the autonomous administrative dispute. |
1949 10 March | General Assembly of the Municipal Councils about the referendum. |
1 April | End of the customs agreement. |
18 October | Second Meeting of the General Assembly of the Municipal Councils concerning the referendum. |
1950 3 April | Law for a referendum in the Establishments. |
2 May | De facto transfer of Chandernagore. |
1952 24 October | India denounces the agreement of 1948 on the referendum. |
1954 10 May | Creation of a work tribunal. |
24 September | Integration of Chandernagore in the state of West Bengal. |
18 October | The Kijéour Congress approves the de facto transfer. |
1 November | De facto transfer of the Establishments by France to India. |
1955 | Chandernagore set up as a corporation. Creation of the Institut Français de Pondichéry. |
1956 28 May | Signature of the Treaty of Cession. |
1962 16 August | De jure Cession of the Establishments. |
5 December | Pondicherry (Administration) Act. |
1963 9 February | Equivalence of French degrees by the Inter University Board. |
16 March | Supplementary Agreement. Complement to the Treaty. |
10 May | The government of Union Territories Act. The Pondicherry (Laws) Regulation. |
1964 | Struggle against the propagation of the Hindi language. |
1966 21 October | Civil Courts Act. |
1967 | Setting up of Broadcasting in Pondicherry. |
1968 2 May | The Pondicherry (Extension of Laws) Act. Creation of Auroville. |
1971 | New fall of hailstones in Pondicherry in the afternoon during the hot season. |
1973 13 August | The Pondicherry Municipalities Act, The Pondicherry village and commune panchayats Act. |
1979 | Demonstration against the merger attempt into the neighboring states. |
1984 | Installation of a television transmitting set. |
1985 | Creation of the University of Pondicherry. |
1986 | The Consumer Protection Act. |
1994 20 October | Institution of a complete system of legal aid. |
2004 7 January | Law instituting overseas Indian nationality. |
Notes de bas de page
1 David Annoussamy, L’Intermède français en Inde, pp. 391-396.
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The legacy of French rule in India (1674-1954)
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