A Complex Polity
|Index
Testo integrale
A
Abbadie, A. d’, 77, 437
Abélès, M., 20, 21, 437
abortion and infanticide, 49, 91, 243, 355- 358, 365-366, 388-389, 394, 399; see also demography (regulation of growth and fertility rate; new demographic regime)
Accomplished persons (mwariki), 37, 44-50, 57-60, 109-113, 137, 187-188, 207, 219, 234, 241, 255, 261, 268, 385-386; funerals for —s, 57-60, 113-114, 115-116
Adamson, J., 240-241, 253-254, 316, 381, 437
age and generation, differentiation of, 20-22
age class, see age (age-set), generation (generation sub-set)
age, — criterion, 17; — set, 18-22, 25-27; — and life cycle, 41-62: life cycle of men, 45-47, life cycle of women, 47-50; age and age grade, 19, 36, 41, 50-53, 56-57, 62-64, 73, 87-88, 243, 259, 274, 295, 329, 384- 386, 427-428; — and gender, 41-42, 45, 53-56, 101, 255-258; — at marriage, see also demography, ritual begetting, generation
Ahlberg, B. M., 406, 437
alliance of marriage, 77-80, 84, 131-132, 415; prohibition and preference, 36, 127-131, 133-137, 145-157, 183-184, 192-194, 295- 296, 305-306; bride-wealth, 78-79, 138-145, 182-184, 253, 255, 401, 405; ndûgû payments, 116, 139, 145-157, 183, 193, 380, 397, 401; omaha terminology, 36, 130- 131, 147-152, 183-184, 193, 197-198; wife-givers wife-stakers relationships, 140-143, 145-159, 184, 193, 198, 255-258, 293-294, 400-401; co-affines, 155-157, 183-184, 199, 213, 253; see also generation and —, girane
Almagor, U., 20, 66, 302, 343, 345, 437, 438, 446
Ambler, C.H., 168, 226, 315, 336, 345, 357, 437
androgyny, 236-237, 244-247, 297-300; see also body, mûgwe
Arabs, 313, 337, 341
Arkell-Hardwick, A., 33, 225, 420, 437
Arseniev, V., 20
Athens, 17
B
Baechler, J., 20, 438
Baganda, 352
Barabaig, 234, 262
Baraguyu, 295
Baxter, P. T. W., 20, 186, 233-234, 343, 438
bee (hive, honey, mead), 83, 103-104, 161, 217, 279-280, 293, 297-299, 321, 330, 333; see also gaaru for warriors, mûgwe
Beecher, L. J., 170, 438
Beidelman, T. O., 295, 438
Bernard, F. E., 27, 99, 404, 438
Bernardi, B., 19, 25, 76, 121, 213, 277, 279, 285-289, 292, 294-296, 298-300, 303, 315, 319-323, 361, 380, 381, 413, 438
Bijogo, 54, 189
Bischofberger, O., 25, 312, 438
blacksmith, 29, 37, 104, 106, 141, 151, 169, 171, 180, 204, 207-211, 220, 229, 231, 244, 253, 257, 294, 303-312, 318, 321, 326, 331, 347-348, 370-372, 383; see also mûgwe, Mbwaa
blessings and curses, 44, 107, 114, 116, 118, 155, 205, 207, 231, 261-262, 280, 282, 297- 298, 307, 325, 379, 396
blood-price, prohibition of vendetta, 83, 120, 163, 165, 167, 171-172, 229; see also war and generation, Mbugi
body and person (conception of —), 41-62, 89-92, 108-109, 114, 116, 118, 133-137, 152-153, 189-194, 238-239, 252-253, 256- 257, 259, 274-275, 294-300, 320-322, 328, 364, 394-399; see also dualism, healing associations, mûgwe
Bonini, N., 20, 438
Bonnefoy, Y., 439
Bonte, P., 20, 199, 439
Borana (Chuchu), 18, 19, 23, 54, 77, 83, 186, 188, 198, 231, 232, 234, 277, 312, 334, 343, 354, 376, 411, 413
Brantley, C., 25, 439
Brown, Jean, 304, 311-312, 439
Brown, M., 418, 439
Buijtenhuijs, R., 357, 439
Bushong, 376
C
Caldwell, J. & P., 406
cattle complex, 18
cattle links, 102-103, 106, 144-147, 150, 157- 158, 176-177, 200, 380-381, 397-398
Chagga, 376
Champion, A. M., 213-214, 304, 439
Chanler, W. A., 33, 217, 221-227, 233, 249, 260, 305, 363, 417-420, 439
Chesnais, J.-C., 410, 439
childhood, 42-44
Chrétien, J.-P., 23, 336, 439
Chuka, 38, 88, 168, 180, 213, 231, 285, 291- 292, 312, 324, 379, 399
Ciokaraine, 480
circumcision, 23, 26, 31, 45, 69-70, 73, 87, 116, 127-130, 159, 178, 185-186, 203-213, 356, 384-385; origin and mode of —, 167- 168, 180; circumcisor, 66, 85-86, 204-207; see also filiation, ritual begetting, generation set and -subset, female circumcision
clan, 42, 100, 118-124, 157; — and colours, 120, 136-137, 174-176, 251-252, 263-264, 279-280, 286, 296-297, 322; see also filiation, gichiaro, names
class, category, group (either age or generation, as concepts), 52-54, 63-64, 77-80, 87-89, 118-119, 273-274, 383-384
co-affines, see alliance of marriage
Collard, C., 21, 437
colonization, 23, 26-27, 37, 63-64, 351-386, 417-422; see also decolonization
colours, codes of —, 60, 65, 120, 136-137, 216, 222, 252, 267, 279-280, 297, 316, 322, 333, 335, 423-425
Copet-Rougier, E., 193, 197, 439, 443
Cordell, D.D., 394, 439
curses, see blessings
cycle of the sun, cycle of the rain, 27-29, 60-61, 71-72, 103, 237-239, 251, 260-261, 297-301, 309-311, 327-329, 398-399; see also economy (agro-pastoralism), blacksmith, generation (division or cycle), mûgiro, mûgwe, sacrifice
D
Dassanetch, 66, 198, 345, 413
Dawson, M.H., 226, 410, 440
De Heusch, L., 303, 336, 440
death (inauspicious), 57-60; see also mûgiro
death rituals, see mûgiro
death sentence, see njuri ncheke
decolonization, 29-30, 33-34, 277, 304, 360- 362, 381-384
demography, demographic drift of generations, overageing and underageing, 19, 22, 36, 88-92, 196, 392, 394, 412, 414; age at marriage, 50, 54, 79, 88, 90-91, 247, 358; child spacing, 91, 107-108, 389-391, 395- 397; monogamy, polygyny, polyandry, 79, 83-84, 89, 91, 156-157, 191, 195, 247- 248, 273-274, 385, 388-391, 401-402, 412; sex ratio, 55, 91, 244-245, 395; lifespan, 47-48, 50, 54-56; age structure, 55, 86, 88, 91-92, 178-179, 409-410; net migration, 105-106, 176, 231, 397, 399, 404; populating, 121-124, 314, 344-346, 406-408; population density, 27, 103, 383-384, 404, 411, 423; population threshold, 406-408, 414; population survey, 27, 37, 85, 122- 123, 218-219, 354-355, 399, 406-411, 423; regulation of growth and fertility rate, 85, 89-92, 178-180, 182-183, 192-193, 195, 235, 388, 392-399, 406-408, 411-412; new demographic regime, 37, 353, 360, 363, 380-381, 399-406
descent group and age class, 18-19, 21-22, 199-200, 344-345
Désveaux, E., 412, 440
Digo, 199
Dinka, 335
diviner, divination, 118, 153, 206, 208-209, 228-229, 231, 232, 235, 238, 240-241, 256, 261, 289, 318-321, 326-328, 333, 314-342, 366-367, 379; see also Mbwaa
domestic cycle, see family kraal
dualism, dual division, left/right, 25, 57, 70-71, 91, 97-98, 152-153, 194, 214-216, 269-270, 278-283, 285-291, 297, 300-302, 309-311, 327-328, 339-342; see also body
Dugast, S., 20, 440
Dundas, C., 213, 440
Dyson-Hudson, N., 19, 406, 440
E
ear piercing ritual (gûtûra matû), 45-46, 52, 108-111, 153, 244, 385
economy; stepped ecosystems, 27-29, 100- 101, 408-409; agro-pastoralism, 23-24, 61, 102-104, 200, 225; household —, 20, 43, 100-106, 169-170; ritual and —, 104-105, 108-109, 111-112, 199, 271-273; barter and trade tibû, 73, 104-105, 225, 231, 260, 307- 309; invention of —, see Mbugi; modernizsation of —, 25-26, 29-30, 116-117, 157, 353-354, 357, 361-362, 371-372, 382-383, 386, 390-391, 400-406, 408-409; see also cycle of the sun, cycle of the rain, cattle links
Eisenstadt, S., 18, 66, 440
Embu, 25, 30, 37-38, 87, 168, 227-228, 231, 291, 306, 312, 345, 352, 357, 359, 379, 420
ethnonyms (origins of —), 38, 165-167, 194, 221, 269, 280, 317-318, 328
Evans-Pritchard, E. E., 18-19, 440, 441
Ewaso Nyiro (Lorian), 227, 417, 419, 420
F
Fadiman, J. A., 223, 315, 318, 319, 336-344, 365, 373, 406, 440
family kraal and domestic cycle, 42-46, 96-100, 106-118, 200, 210, 404-405
famines, 33, 61, 86, 167, 178, 292, 353-355, 357, 363, 408
father and daughter relationship, 49, 77-78, 80, 243-245, 256
father of the day, 116, 185-186, 204-205, 207- 208, 210-213, 281; see also ritual begetting
Fathers of the country, 19, 37, 46, 50, 52, 66-69, 72-74, 76, 79, 117, 182, 195, 213, 218, 220, 232-233, 262, 277-312, 363, 377, 385, 428; kiama, 46, 50, 65, 83, 217, 245, 259, 270, 281-288, 317-319, 324-331, 352- 363, 373-380; see also colonization, blacksmith, generation and handover of power, war, warriors, mûgiro, mûgwe, njuri ncheke, territory (sovereignty)
Feierman, S., 337, 441
female circumcision, 45, 69, 80-81, 243- 258, 347-348, 356; origin of —, 180-181; female circumcisor, 204, 250-252; prohibition of —, 243, 253-254, 359-361, 379-380, 400-402; see also abortion and infanticide, ritual begetting, alliance of marriage
female warriors, see warriors, kaaria mothers
filiation, 18, 36, 45-46, 67-70, 84, 108-113, 124, 126, 157-159, 188-189, 212-213, 252- 253, 256-257, 274-275, 294, 328, 401, 410- 411, 415; patrilineal —, 96, 118, 120-121, 192; cumulative patrifiliation, 36, 192-194, 415; inheritance, 113-118; cognatic descent and matrilineal —, 36, 117-118, 192-200; see also gaaru, generation (generation divisions or cycles)
Fluzin, P., 441
Forde, D., 449
Fortes, M., 18, 441
Fosbrooke, H. A., 342, 441
Fratkin, E., 232, 441
Fricke, T., 394, 444
Fukui, K., 18, 441
G
gaaru for non-initiated boys, 48, 64-65, 85, 108, 121, 185, 212, 221; — for warriors, 36, 45, 69-70, 74, 79, 105-108, 121-122, 124, 151, 155, 157, 177-182, 186-188, 203- 240, 245, 264, 271, 281-284, 293-294, 297, 301, 323, 363, 382, 389-390, 408; — for father, 97, 107-108, 118, 152, 186, 205, 221, 250, 253, 256, 299, 307; mothers of —, 220, 284, 287, 294; origins of —, 177-182, 236-237
Gabbra, 188, 198
Galaty, J. G., 334, 441
Gedge, E., 417, 441
generation class, see generation
generation, 26, 30-31, 33-34, 162-164, 171- 172; generational system, 63-92, 195, 200, 203-204; interrelation of sets with grades, 64, 68, 72-74, 76-77, 87-88, 91-92, 198, 259-260; principles of recruitment 67-70, 76-77; handover of power (ntuiko) 19, 23, 36-37, 50, 70-77, 85-86, 277-291, 361-362, 378-379; generation divisions or cycles (gîtiba), 37, 70-72, 84, 86-87, 91, 109-110, 179-180, 188-192, 196-197, 220-221, 244, 272-273, 329; — subset, 69-70, 72-74, 79, 82; alternate —, 32, 43, 111-112, 125, 149, 367-368; abeyance of rules, 74-76, 85-88, 90, 182-183, 399; — and filiation, 67-70, 125-126, 184-189, 191-193, 221; — and alliance of marriage, 77-84, 91-92, 138-139, 156-157, 182-184, 189-192, 257-258; — and Omaha terminology, 131, 150-152, 183- 184; — and history, 26-27, 31-34, 69-70, 75, 85-88, 213, 227-228, 284, 317, 342-344, 351-352, 359-362, 384-385, 401-404; see also demography, women, gaaru, names (of generation), territory
Gentilini, M., 409, 441
gichiario, 133-136, 155, 164, 174, 225, 228-231, 235, 292, 339, see also clan
Giorgis, B. G., 38, 441
girane, 137-138, 296, see also alliance of marriage
Giriama, 25, 131, 378
Glazier, J., 25, 325, 336, 442
Glazier, P. G., 325, 442
Gogo, 262
Gorfain, P., 325, 442
Gray, M. St. G., 334, 442
Green, M., 336, 442
Gregory, J. W., 439
Gulliver, P. H., 19, 442
Gurage, 131
H
Hallpike, C.R., 19, 343, 398, 411, 442
handover of powers (ntuiko), see demographic drift, Fathers of the country, generation and —, kaaria mothers, new initiatons scales, structural crisis
Heald, S., 406, 442
healing associations, 355, 366-372, 374-375, 377-379, 383, 399; see also body and person, status (achieved status)
Heine, B., 66, 442
Henige, D.P., 442
Henry, C., 54, 189, 442
Héritier, F., 130, 193, 442
Héritier-Augé, F., 193, 439, 443
Herskovits, M.J., 18, 443
Hertz, R., 300, 443
Hjort, A., 443
Hobley, C. W., 314, 315, 317, 319, 443
Höhnel, L. von, 33, 221, 222, 224, 225, 417- 419, 443
Holding, E. M., 243, 382, 443
Homan, F. D., 443
honey, see bee, blessings and cursing, mûgwe
Hopkins, J. G., 314, 317, 358
Horne, E. B., 314, 319, 320, 323, 352-353, 354, 363, 364, 379, 406, 420-421
Hultin, J., 443
hunter, hunting, 103-104, 145, 168-170, 227, 229, 289, 366-372; see also healing associations, Mbugi
Huntingford, G. W. B., 126, 234, 240, 332, 443
I
Ik (s), 66, 343
illness and misfortunes, see body and person, healing associations, mûgiro, witchcraft
Imenti, 32, 38, 66, 69, 76, 136, 163, 165-167, 171, 178, 179-181, 211-216, 228, 231, 269, 286, 289-291, 306, 315, 324, 342, 348, 359- 360, 373, 378, 380, 421
infanticide, see abortion
inheritance, see filiation
initiation, 17-18, 30-31, 33, 36, 37, 44-46, 49-50, 52, 61-62, 70, 74, 77, 80, 82, 88, 110, 115, 142-143, 181, 203-213, 243-258, 274, 330- 331, 358-359, 384-386, 399-403; “Kimeru” versus “Kiswahili”, 31; origin of —, 167- 168, 180-181, 194-195; see also age grade, circumcision, divination, female circumcision, generation, healing associations, Mbwaa, mûgwe, new initiation scales, njuri ncheke, ritual begetting, status
Israelites, 317
J
Jacobs, A. H., 334, 342, 443
Janzen, J. M., 441
Jeanmaire, H., 17, 444
Joola, 54
Journet, O., 54, 444
Julliard, A., 54, 444
K
kaaria mothers, 26, 34, 50, 83-84, 191-192, 235, 262-275, 391, 400-402; see also women, warriors
Kabi, 165
Kalenjin, 179, 197-198, 332, 334
Kamba, 37-38, 208, 225, 229, 305, 314, 345, 371, 404, 418-419
Kamunchulu, J. T. S., 381, 395, 421, 444
Kangoi, B. M. I., 178, 180-181, 227, 278, 288, 293, 315, 318-319, 321-323, 373, 381, 452
Karamojong or Karimojong, 19-20, 25, 76, 195-197, 343, 406, 412, 413
Kenyatta, J., 33, 34, 199, 259, 444
Kershaw, G., 25, 55, 168, 444
Kertzer, D. I., 394, 444
Kettel, D. W. W., 197, 444
Keyo, 197
kiara (household waste pit), 42, 44, 57, 60, 96-98, 114, 118, 124, 142-143, 200, 283, 309, 321, 323, 329, 376
Kikuyu (Ekûû), 25, 37-38, 51, 54, 119, 152, 168, 184, 198-199, 200, 229, 306, 312, 334, 335, 345-346, 351, 354, 357, 380, 382, 404- 405, 410, 421
Kimambo, I.N., 312, 335, 444
Kinoti, C.A., 38, 444
Kinyua, J.I., 373, 401, 421, 453
kioncho, 78, 133, 182, 191, 261-262
Kiple, K.F., 409, 444
Kipsigis, 179, 323, 332-334, 344, 421
kitheega, see abortion
Klima, G.J., 234, 262, 444
Knutsson, K.E., 394, 444
Koinange, M., 480
Kolb, G., 419-420, 444
Komenjue (Komenjwe), Kaurawabechau (Becheu), 319, 321, 372, 373, 374, 384
Konso, 19, 398, 411
Kotrba, F., 445, 453
Kuria, 25, 88
L
La Fontaine, J.S., 54, 445
Lagoon Peoples (Ivory Coast), 18, 54
Lambert, H. E., 25, 55, 56, 69, 81, 82, 120, 136, 143-144, 159, 161, 163-168, 171, 174- 175, 177, 180, 184, 199, 211, 213-215, 224, 231, 278, 281, 287, 290-291, 295, 312, 314, 318-320, 323, 324, 340, 342, 344, 377, 397, 407, 421, 445; as a District Commissioner, 32, 243, 291, 314, 357-361, 372, 377, 379- 380, 399, 400, 421
Lamphear, J., 19, 232, 334, 342, 351, 420, 445
landconsciousness, Land Consolidation, 382- 383, 390, 405, 409
Lashomba, 224, 226
Laughton, W. H., 315, 330, 347-348, 445
left and right, see body and person, dualism, Mbwaa
Legesse, A., 19, 342-343, 354, 413, 445
Lensky, G., 74
Lévi-Strauss, C., 445
Lienhardt, R. G., 335, 445
life cycle, see age (and life cycle)
lifespan, see demography
Liria, 467
Locoh, T., 449
lovers relationship (bankiro), 83, 117, 189-190, 195, 233, 237, 263, 296, 368, 377, 395, 396; see also generation and alliance of marriage
Lowie, R.H., 17, 232, 446
Luba, 335
Lukes, S., 53, 446
Luo, 323
M
M’imanyra, A. M., 313, 336, 446
M’mugambi, 477
Maasai (Urû), 18, 19, 23, 69, 114, 117, 165- 166, 197, 228-229, 232, 234, 333-334, 343, 364, 413
Macha, 394
Mahner, J., 25, 78, 136, 177, 184, 286, 300, 446
Mair, L., 421
Malinowski, B., 199
Mallart Guimera, L., 335, 368, 446
Maquet, J., 18, 446
Marrou, H.-I., 17, 446
maternal kin (touring before initiation) kurîria, 142-143, 153-155, 204, 248-249, 400-401
Mau Mau, see decolonization
Maybury-Lewis, D., 302, 446
Mbeere, 25, 37, 87, 231, 304, 306, 312, 325, 373, 379
Mbugi, Murutu and Mûkunga, myth of, 161- 163, 165, 167, 168-177, 194, 200, 221, 229, 269, 286, 289, 292, 294, 310, 315, 329, 346
Mbwaa, myth of, 37, 161, 199, 310, 313-346, 351, 369, 371-372
mechanical model, statistical model, 67-70, 79, 88-91, 193, 247, 400-401
melting pot, 345-346
Menget, P., 149, 446
Meru (Tanzanie), 38, 300
Middleton, J., 19, 21, 25, 364, 446
Migwani, 345
Mijikenda, 25, 119, 199, 317, 340
Moi, D. A., 34
Molnos, A., 407, 411, 446
Moore, S. F., 376, 447
Motio, Chanler’s guide, 222, 224-226, 418
mother of the day, 204, 250, 252-253; see ritual begetting
Mûciî Mûkûrû, 88, 285, 293, 399
mûgiro, 57, 153, 159, 188, 190-191, 209, 226, 235, 244, 256, 302-303, 326-328, 366, 378, 391, 394
mûgwe, 25, 37, 121, 205, 220, 232, 236, 277- 312, 315, 319, 321-322, 329, 361, 377-378; — and handover of power, 277-291; —’s body and person, 291-303; sacred “king”, 285, 298-303, 310-312
Mukogodo, 299, 370
Müller, H., 35, 447
Mumoni, 315, 345
Mungeam, G.H., 420, 447
Murdock, G.P., 23, 197, 447
Muriuki, G., 447
Muruku, 477
Muthaara, 221, 222, 223, 225, 226, 227, 228, 285, 288, 289, 418, 419-420
Mwambia, S.P.K., 411, 447
Mwariama, 480
Mwaniki, H.S.K., 228, 420, 447
Mwanzi, H.A., 179, 332-333, 447
Mwimbî, 38, 164-166, 174, 213, 229, 290, 324
Mwoko, 293
N
name (onomastics), — of generation sets, 26, 31-33, 55, 66-67, 80-84, 282-284; — of generation subsets, 66, 69-70, 82; — of gîtiba, 70-71, 244, 354; — of sets of spouses, 81-83, 246, 258, 284; — of warriors gaaru, 216-217; — of territorial sections, 28-29, 278-280, 285-286, 423-425; — of clans, 118-124, 316-319; personal — of generation-nthukî, 79, 186-187, 233- 234, 381; —s acquired personally by men, 42-47, 65, 79, 113, 185-187, 192-193, 211, 234; —s acquired personally by women, 42-44, 47-49, 144, 192-193, 246, 256-257
Nandi, 69, 232, 277
Ncherû, 380-382
Ndaminuki (M’iminuki), 476
Ndegwa Ng’unyura, B. J., 30, 447
Ndembu, 336
Ndorobo (Wanderobbo), 227, 231-232, 419
Needham, R., 131, 278, 300, 302, 447
neighborhood (ntoora), 45, 100, 121-123, 258; see also family kraal, territory, territorial section/subsection
Neumann, A. H., 33, 227, 419-420, 447
new initiations scales, 30, 37, 52, 210, 243, 253, 266-268, 271, 285-286, 358, 364-365, 380-382, 384-386, 400-402
ngaa, Ngaa, Mwiko jwa Ngaa, 234, 248, 268- 270, 278, 285, 289, 313, 317-318, 319-321, 323-325, 326, 327, 328, 330, 333, 337, 341, 342, 351
Ngaï/Murungu, 47, 60, 107, 109, 116, 161, 171, 205, 219-220, 251, 270, 288, 298, 332, 398; see also Accomplished persons, Mbugi (wa Ngaï), blessings, sacrifice
Njeru, B. K., 411, 447
njuri ncheke, 30, 85, 104, 187, 355, 357, 358, 360, 361, 366, 371, 372-384, 385, 399
Njuwe, 174, 180, 234, 319, 334
non-initiated, 325; — boys, 45, 64-66, 384; — girls, 47-49, 65, 79-80, 142-143, 243- 249; conflicts between — and warriors, 49, 65-66; see also abortion, gaaru for non-initiated boys, generation (handover of power), maternal kin
numbers, symbolism of, 42, 53, 211, 283, 297-298; counting, 56-57, 61, 71, 119-120; see demography (population survey)
Nurse, D., 37, 448
Nyaga, D., 30, 448
Nyamwezi, 300
Nyangatom, 20, 35, 233, 428
Nyika, see Mijikenda
O
oath, 63, 75, 208, 224-227, 323, 328, 353, 368, 372, 375, 380, 381-383; see also ordeal
Ogot, B. A., 336, 448
Ole Sankan, S. S., 333, 448
omaha terminology, see alliance of marriage
ontogenesis, ontogeny, 41, 57, see also body and person
oral literature (ngono cia ngombe, njuno, ndwibo), 161-168, 248-251, 262-268, 313-325, 347- 348; see also kaaria, Mbugi, Mbwaa
Orde Browne, G., 168, 213, 448
ordeal, 31, 208-210, 320-321, 353, 375-376
Oromo, 19, 77, 233, 334, 394, 421, see also Borana, Gabbra, Macha
P
Pare, 312, 334
Parkin, D., 131, 378, 448
Paulme, D., 18, 448
peace, see war
Peatrik, A.-M., 20, 35, 36, 51, 57, 89, 195, 196, 200, 234, 334, 342, 345, 394, 412, 448
Peristiany, J.G., 332, 449
person, category of person, see body
Philippson, G., 37, 340, 449
Piché, V., 394, 439
Pilon, M., 449
Pison, G., 395, 449
Pokomo, 25
Pokot, 69, 198
Prins, A. H.J., 421, 449
R
Radcliffe-Brown, A.R., 197, 449
Rendille (Mathara), 225, 228-231, 234, 411, 417
Rigby, P., 262, 449
Rimita, D. M., 168, 209, 373, 375, 378, 449
rite de passage, 17, 57, 212, 279-280, 331-332; see also Mbwaa
ritual begetting, 185-186, 212-213, 234-237, 274-275, 298-299, 307-308, 328, 331-332, 395-396, 415
Rosa, P., 345, 449
Roscoe, J., 352, 449
Ruel, M. J., 25, 449
Rwandans, 302
S
Saberwal, S., 25, 450
sacred king, see mûgwe, blacksmith
sacrifice and vital breath, 109, 111, 219-220, 234-236, 295-296, 299, 319-322, 327; see also Mbwaa, Ngaï/Murungu
Saint-Kizito (tragedy of), 34-35, 336
Samburu (Thamburu, Thuku), 19, 228, 231
Sanders, E. R., 23, 450
Scattered dwellings, 29, 36, 95-96, 100-101, 158, 194-196, 408
Schapera, I., 19, 243, 450
Schurtz, H., 17, 450
Shackleton, E. R., 174, 450
Shambaa, 337-338
Sharman, J., 340, 342
Smith, P., 302, 325, 450
Somali, 26, 30, 225, 231, 303, 360-361, 364
sororate, 133, 138, 171, 173-174; see also alliance of marriage (co-affines), Mbugi
sovereignty, see territory (and —), State, Fathers of the Country
Sparta, 17
Spear, T. T., 38, 336, 340, 450
Spencer, P., 19, 228, 234, 262, 418, 450
State, 195-196, 232, 311-312, 351-352, 365; see also warriors, Fathers of the country, territory and sovereignty
status, status inconsistency, 21-22, 36, 72-77, 83-84, 113-115, 237-239, 271-272, 348; ascribed —, achieved —, 50-53, 85-86, 212, 366, 372, 374-375, 379-382; see also age and grading, structural crisis, demography (demographic drift of generations, over-ageing and under-ageing, regulation of growth and fertility rate), generation (handover of power)
Stewart, F. H., 21, 411, 413, 451
structural crisis, 35-37, 72-77, 85-88, 291, 378- 379, 414-415; see also demography (demographic drift of generations, over-ageing and under-ageing)
T
Tait, D., 19, 446
Taita, 119, 334-335
Tapinos, G., 451
Tate, H. R., 451
Tcherkézoff, S., 300, 302, 451
territorial section, see territory
territory, territorial section or subsection, 100-101, 121-124, 158, 216, 227-228, 278- 280, 282-289, 363, 423-425; — and sovereignty, 168-169, 172, 177-179, 231-232, 282-285, 288-291, 311-312, 365, 414-415; sacred places, 205, 218-220, 224-225, 231, 240-241, 281-282, 286-295, 323-324, 372- 373; territorial conflicts, 115, 360-361, 365, 369-372, 381-384, 404-406, 409; see colonization, decolonization, gaaru for warriors, settlements, Mbugi, Mbwaa, njuri ncheke, Fathers of the country, neighborhood, land consciouness
Thagicu, 37; Thaicho, 80; Thaichû 122, 200, 249, 352, 418, 425; Thaichû/Kabulele, 123, 249; Daitcho 418; Daichû 419
Tharaka, 38, 165, 166, 174, 180, 213, 227, 228, 231, 234, 285, 291-292, 304, 312, 315, 317, 319, 320, 324, 334
Thomas, L.M., 358, 451
time, conceptions of —, 44, 54-62, 70-71, 77, 86-88, 98-99, 112-113, 118, 125-126, 131, 149-150, 188-190, 197-198, 216-217, 234-235, 251-252, 271-272, 283-284, 308, 322-323, 330-332, 334-335, 351, 353-354, 361-362, 394-396
Toposa, 197
Tornay, S., 20, 35, 53, 196-197, 234, 428, 451
Toweett, T., 332-333, 451
Townsend, N., 25, 451
Tschokwe, 307
Tugen, 197
Turkana (Kirio), 73, 76, 180, 229, 232, 323, 334, 345, 420
Turnbull, C. M., 66, 343-344, 451
Turner, V., 336, 451
Turton, D., 18, 441
twins, 296, 395
V
Van Gennep, A., 17, 212, 452
Vansina, J., 376, 452
Verdeaux, F., 54, 452
Vignikin, C., 449
Ville, J.-L., 20, 452
Vimard, P., 449
Viveiros de Castro, E., 193, 452
Volpini, D., 315, 452
W
war, — and age-set, 18-19, 225, 315; — and generation set, 181-182, 195-196, 414; weapons, 138, 211-212, 221-226, 305; enemies, 229-232, 234-235; types of war, 223, 226-232; war and ritual, 43, 234-237; war and peace, 70-72, 228-229, 232, 284; decline of traditional war, 86-87, 217, 352-353, 364-365, 372-373, 381-383; see generation and history
warriors, 25, 34, 45-46, 79-80, 105-107, 203- 241, 352, 358-359, 364-365; — lamalle, 31, 66, 204-210, 215, 217, 271, 381, 385; waangi state, 46, 172, 233, 334, 238, 269, 275, 364; see ritual begetting, gaaru for warriors, kaaria mothers, non-initiated, Fathers of the country, female warriors
widow (status of), 102, 113, 115, 117, 190
wife-givers wife-takers relationships, see alliance of marriage
Willis, J., 340, 452
witchcraft, 208, 329, 366, 368, 370-372, 374, 375, 377, 378, 379, 382, 391, 400; see also njuri ncheke, healing associations, blacksmith
woman, women, 243-275; life cycle of, 50-56, 117-118; sets of spouses, 72, 77-84, 196, 258-262; kaaria and handover of power, 191-192, 262-275, 391, 400-402; — and mbwa, 316, 329-330, 332-333; — ntindiri, 260-261, 299-300; confronting women, 32-33, 359, 380-381, 382, 391, 399-402; see colonization, demography, female circumcision, kaaria mothers, name (of sets of spouses)
Y
Yemenis, 26
Z
Zanaki, 25, 88, 312
Zanzibari (former name for Swahili), 222, 225, 417, 419
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